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An experimental research on optimization of trajectory bucket for spillway tunnel outlet at Sanliping Hydropower project LIU Xiao Fang1, a, WANG Dang Wei2, b and HUANG He Qing1, c 1Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11A Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China 2China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, 20 West Chegongzhuang Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, China axiaofyfy@126.com, bwangdw17@126.com, chuanghq@igsnrr.ac.cn Keywords: trajectory bucket, energy dissipation; spillway tunnel; flood releasing; the outlet pattern; model test Abstract.
Granule and binder are the most important materials to simulate the erosion of the river bed and often used in the experiment, furthermore it should be cautious to choose the diameter of the bed load in the model to simulate the river deformation.
Then these material are lay on the model of the scale for 2.00m long and 0.40m thick below 289.00m to simulate the original river bed as a length of 180.00m with a thickness of 36.00m downstream of the trajectory bucket.
Fig.4 The scour pit of original design Fig.5 The scour pit of Opt.1 Fig.6 The scour pit of Opt.2 Fig.7 The scour pit of Opt.3 Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (40788001).
(In Chinese) [4] Hangen Ni, Qingguo Wang, Yucong Liu, The application of unusual flaring piers to enhance energy dissipation of overflow discharge, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering.

Journal of Sichuan Grassland, 2006, (6): 12-15.
Pratacultural Science, 2004, 21(2):30-34.
Science, 2011(28), 04.
Beijing: Science Press, 2011.
Chinese Journal of Grassland,2006,28(2):71-78.

Rowlands, "Low-cost Thermoelastic Stress Analysis," Materials Australia, vol. 40, 2007
Rowlands, "Probing the Limits - New Opportunities in Thermoelastic Stress Analysis," in Proc. 28th Congress of the International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences (P.
Patterson, "A Review of the General Theory of Thermoelastic Stress Analysis," The Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design, vol. 38, 2003
Chan, "The Determination of Stress Intensity Factors and Crack Tip Velocities from Thermoelastic Infrared Emmissions," in Proc. of International Conference on Fatigue of Engineering Materials and Structures, IMechE, pp. 105-114, 1986 [15] F.
Cunningham, "A Temperature Correction Methodology for Quantitative Thermoelastic Stress Analysis and Damage Assessment," Mea- surement Science and Technology, p. 1627

Due to their small size and high surface area to volume ratio, nanomaterials have a different UV blocking capacity from bulk materials [15].
Materials had reflection maxima at 77 degrees of glancing angle.
The materials' nanocrystalline structure was suggested by the large reflection peaks.
The materials have a tetragonal crystalline structure with lattice constants of 1.2291 to 8.6147, which is consistent with JCPDS No 65-4028.
Availability of the Data and Materials There is no data availability for the reproduction.

Luxembourg St., Donetsk, 83114, Ukraine; 4Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan Abstract.
A broad variety of metallic materials, composites and polymers were processed, which revealed most of mechanisms of structure evolution and materials' behavior during and after SPD.
After that, many researches on different materials using this technique were done.
Prangnell: International Journal of Materials Research Vol. 98 (2007), p. 200 [5] D.
Horita: Materials Transactions Vol. 49 (2008), p. 2 [6] Y.

Materials and methods Materials.
The investigations were conducted on a sample of old terracotta decorative tile and experimental solutions used are commercially available chemicals products, used for lithical materials maintenance, with the following names: Ager, Hydrex, Mattstone and Mattstone H2O.
Other materials used are: distilled water, 1 ml pipette, paint brushes, sprayer and filter paper (absorbant).
The S1 chemical product can also be used in order to reintegrate ceramic materials (like the ones used to create the architectural ornaments of the City Library, Roman), from a chromatic point of view, but the fact that it determines major chromatic deviations has to be taken into consideration.
(paper to the conference on Geological Materials in Construction, London, November 1989) - International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, 28 (1991) 338

Analysis and application for the influence of cooling strategy on cooling capacity in the laminar cooling of hot rolling strip Zhang Dazhi1, a, Ye Haili1, b 1 School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China a100zdz@163.com, byehaili@163.com Key words: Laminar cooling; Temperature control; Cooling strategy; Cooling capacity; Finite difference method; Hot rolling strip Abstract.
The initial conditions: (2) Boundary conditions: Adiabatic boundary conditions: (3) Convective heat transfer boundary conditions: (4) 1.2 Treatment on the physical parameters When hot strip is water cooled, the temperature varies greatly and materials’ thermal properties change significantly with the state of material organization and temperature.
Heat flux transfers in the radiation way follows Stephen Boltzmann's law: (5) Where is Stephen Boltzmann constant; is radiation coefficient of the material surface; is area; and are temperature of strip surface and ambient temperature respectively.
References [1] [1] Xie Haibo, She Guangfu, Liu Hua, Wang Guodong development and implementation of hot rolled strip laminar cooling set model of Northeastern University (Natural Science), 2004, 25 (10): 961 - 964
Journal of Iron and Steel Research. 2008.20 (10) .25 ~ 27

Currently, etching and chemo-mechanical polishing (CMP) are performed to remove the subsurface-damaged material layers.
First, it involves no material removal, thus preserves the dimensions of the workpiece.
Acknowledgements This work has been supported by Grant-in-Aid for Exploratory Research (Project No. 20656023) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS).
Kuriyagawa: Response of machining-damaged single-crystalline silicon wafers to nanosecond pulsed laser irradiation, Semiconductor Science and Technology, 22 (2007) 392-395
Yan: Laser micro-Raman spectroscopy of single-point diamond machined silicon substrates, Journal of Applied Physics, 95, 4 (2004) 2094-2101

Effects of Microstructure Transformation on Strengthening and Toughening for Heat-Treated Low Carbon Martensite Stainless Bearing Steel Xiaohong Yuan1, 2, a, Maosheng Yang2, b and Kunyu Zhao1, c* 1Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan Province, China 650093 2Institute of Special Steel, Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing, China 100081 ayxhong87@163.com, bmshyang@sina.com, c*zhaokunyu.kmust@gmail.com Keywords: Strengthening and toughening, Yield strength, Impact energy, Lath martensite, EBSD, Hall-Petch relationship.
In addition, the geometry of bearings can dramatically influence the choice of material, bearing performance and its ability to bear loads [1].
Experimental Material and Methods The tested steel is produced in a vacuum induction-melting furnace and the ingots are forged into 220mm in diameter.
Mohan, Microstructural study of cryogenically treated En 31 bearing steel, Journal of materials processing technology. 209(2009) 3351-3357

Materials and Methods The synthesis of sodium 4’-[3’’,4’’,5’’-tris(dodecyloxy)benzoyloxy]-azobenzene-4-sulfonate (C12-Na) and sodium 4’-[3’’,4’’,5’’-tris-(octyloxy)benzoyloxy]azobenzene-4-sulfonate (C8-Na) was described in our previous papers. [7,8] Grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS) measurements were performed at the BM26 and ID10 beamlines of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) in Grenoble (France) using a custom-designed environmental chamber. [9,10] The energy of X-ray photons was 12 keV.
Thus, phase 2 is pseudo-hexagonal columnar, and characterizes the structure of material in the absence of water channels.
Acknowledgments The authors acknowledge the Ministry of Science and High Education of the Russian Federation for financial support (contract No. 14.587.21.0052 (RFMEFI58718X0052)).
Madsen, Humidity-modulated phase control and nanoscopic transport in supramolecular assemblies, Journal of Physical Chemistry B. 11 (2014) 3207-3217
Ivanov, From Channel‐Forming Ionic Liquid Crystals Exhibiting Humidity‐Induced Phase Transitions to Nanostructured Ion‐Conducting Polymer Membranes, Advanced Materials. 25 (2013) 3543-3548