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In order to further study adsorption behaviour, adsorption isotherm data were analyzed by the Langmuir model [16], which was widely used to describe the adsorption isotherm.
Consequently, it turned out that the experimental data was fitted for the Langmuir isotherm model.
This result confirmed that the adsorption of Au3+ by immobilized PT was an oxidation-reduction reaction.
The immobilized PT had a very good effect of adsorption for Au3+ that may be attributed to the reduction Au3+ to Au during the adsorption process.
FT-IR, XRD and SEM analysis suggested that the oxidation-reduction reaction occured between phenolic hydroxyl groups of persimmon tannin and chlorogold.

The softening interval of the agglomerates with different basicities was estimated in accordance with the Russian State Standard 26517-85 by moving the vertical shaft from the zero position to a 40% reduction in the initial layer height.
According to light microscopy data, agglomerates with a basicity of 1.2 to 3.0 are characterized by round, less often elongated shapes.
By analyzing the data, the start and end softening temperatures can be determined, and the blast furnace process can be optimized for maximum efficiency and productivity.
This indicates that in the first stage in the agglomerate, there was softening of the silicate bond and subsequent consolidation of the crystalline phase and reduction of pores (plastic deformation).
Kunitomo, Evaluation of softening, shrinking and melting reduction behavior of raw materials for blast furnace, ISIJ International, 51, 8 (2011), 1316-1321

So the data at room temperature was used for the convenience of calculation.
The data used in Fig.1 are as below: [F-]=0.571mol/L, [Na+]=0.189mol/L for the original solution; replenishment of [F-]=0.220mol/L, [Na+]=0.189mol/L for each MTO.
However the reduction of stability constant accelerated obviously on magnesium alloys after three MTO.
It also causes the reduction of the stability constant of the operating solution.
The reduction of deposition speed after three MTO also relates with appearance of the sediment.

The band gap energy of SnO2 is 3.6 ev, can only be stimulated by short wavelength ultraviolet rays (wavelength less than 350nm)and produce electron-hole pairs, but its CB is lower than TiO2 (+0.07V) ,and VB is higher (+3.67V), that means SnO2 behaves stronger oxidation and reduction ability [1,2].
The SnO2/TiO2 composite film can not take full advantage of the reduction of the light generated electrons on the underlying of SnO2, so the oxidation reduction ability of SnO2/TiO2 composite film is weak [3,4].
According to the Debye Scherrer formula by FWHM method calculation of the prepared catalyst crystal grain size of a is 11nm, B, C is 19nm,similar with the data of particle diameter from scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) The unit cell parameters and crystal particle size of the titanium dioxide doped with copper were changed.
EDS data showed that: the main elements of Ti, Cu, Sn impurity elements could not been found .
Terrace structure lead hole - electron pairs more easily to separate, improve the oxidation reduction ability and adjust its thickness could make the electron and hole failed to reach the interface at the same time [14], avoiding the aggregation and inactivation of electrons to achieve the two aspects of TiO2 as ideal photocatalyst.

pressure state response information human activity population industry& agriculture fishery industry others wetland environment Biology Atmosphere Soil &water others environment change area reduction function degradation ecological measure others society response（decision and action） Fig. 1 PSR model Establishment of wetland ecological evaluation index system Based on PSR model, index selection should consider the ecosystem service function, human activities, human social and economic status.
So five indicators were selected, which were the wetland management, policies and regulations to carry out strength, wetland protection consciousness, environmental protection investment rate, the percentage of energy conservation and emissions reduction.
pressure state impact response driving force oilfield sewage discharge; landing oil pollution; oil processing emissions; non-point source pollution emissions; aquaculture; animal husbandry; sea water resources; lack of fresh water resources； hydrologic sediment; precipitation; the main rivers runoff; water quality; soil; ecological; species diversity; Salinization; ecosystem disturban-ce; aquacul- ture loss; vegetation succession; species reduce; tourism loss health threats； development activity control; pollution reduction projects; environmental protection scientific research investment proportion; ecological water conservancy project implementation; industrial structure adjustment; Wetland management level; regulations construction； Ecological damage Management requirements Damage Develop-ment power sustainable development improve economic development; oil producti- on; oil processing; residents life; social progress; resource
Wetland ecosystem health evaluation A Pressure index B1 State index B2 Response index B3 Human activity intensity C1 The social and economic development level C2 Land use intensity C3 Per capita cultivated land area C4 Water area proportion C5 Pesticide utilization C6 Fertilizer utilizationC7 Industrial sewage treatment C8 Wetland natural disasters C9 Species diversity C10 Land pollution indicators C14 Water quality pollution indicators C15 Atmospheric pollution indicators C13 Sensitive animals change C12 Advantage plant coverage C11 Hydrological regulation function C18 Wildlife habitat C17 Wetland protection consciousness C19 Efforts to implement the policies and regulations C20 Wetland management level C21 Environmental protection investment accounts of GDP C22 Percentage of energy conservation and emissions reduction C23 Wetland area degradation rate C16 Fig. 3 Wetland ecosystem health evaluation index system Evaluation results Tab. 1 Evaluation
Response B3 Judgment matrix consistency ratio：0.0890;Weight to the total target：0.2970; \lambda_{max}：5.3985 B3 C19 C20 C21 C22 C23 Wi C19 1.0000 0.1667 0.2500 0.2000 0.3333 0.0495 C20 6.0000 1.0000 4.0000 0.5000 3.0000 0.3292 C21 4.0000 0.2500 1.0000 0.3333 0.3333 0.1036 C22 5.0000 2.0000 3.0000 1.0000 1.0000 0.3174 C23 3.0000 0.3333 3.0000 1.0000 1.0000 0.2003 The evaluation index result sort data is made into a chart as below Fig.4.

In Japan, Suzuki et al.[5] developed a direct reduction process of TiO2 of oxide material using electrochemical methods and Okabe et al.[6] developed a method for reducing chloride feedstock (TiCl4) using the metal thermal reduction process.
In this paper we are focusing on alloy design in order to decrease the cost of beta type titanium alloys as a method of cost reduction for titanium alloys products.
At present, the available data suggests that the Ti-3.84Mn-1.24Fe-3.00Al alloy is an alternative to Ti-10-2-3 alloy. 4.
Farthing: Direct electrochemical reduction of titanium dioxide to titanium in molten calcium chloride, Nature, 407 (2000) 361-364
Kikuchi: Chapter 12 - OS process: Calciothermic reduction of TiO2 via CaO electrolysis in molten CaCl2, Extractive Metallurgy of Titanium Conventional and Recent Advances in Extraction and Production of Titanium Metal, ed. by Z.Z.Fang, F.H.

The pressure drop measurement of distilled water was also taken between changeovers to ensure the repeatability of the data.
Though viscosity and density of nanofluids are higher than that of base fluid, the reduction in friction factor enables the nanofluid to attain higher velocities.In general, the increase in flow rate may be due to either reduction in viscous resistance forces or increase in buoyancy driving forces.
Fig. 2 (a) Pressure Drop and (b) Velocity, of Al2O3-water nanofluid at different concentrations versus Average Fluid Temperature Average Fluid temperature (°C) Average Fluid temperature (°C) Fig. 3 (a) Pressure Drop and (b) Velocity, of CuO-water nanofluid at different concentrations and fluid temperature Fig. 4 Comparison of Reynolds Number of Al2O3-water and CuO-water nanofluids at (a) 0.01% and (b) 0.1% by volume concentration Earlier experiments conducted in the authors’ laboratory for nanofluids showed that there is slight reduction in friction factor and the friction factor reduces further as concentration increases.
A small reduction in friction factor is enough to produce higher flow rate overcoming the effects of viscosity.
Even though density and viscosity increases with nanoparticle concentration, pressure drop increases due to the reduction in friction factor.

Subsequently these plates were cold rolled (CR) to 4 mm thickness (50% reduction) and then annealed at 800˚C for 1 h in order to breakdown the coarse grained structure developed during homogenization.
The CR was carried out in steps of 10% reduction per pass until 80% reduction (0.8 mm thickness) and then further CR to 90% reduction (0.4 mm thickness) by multiple passes.
The heavily CR sheets (90% reduction) were finally isochronally annealed at 700˚C and 1100˚C for 1 h in a tubular furnace with argon flow and then immediately quenched in water.
The pole figures (PFs) and orientation distribution functions (ODFs) were calculated from the acquired EBSD data using HKL channel 5 software.

Within the emerging trend of the reduction in the thickness of ready profile components (up to 0.6 mm and less) at the preservation of general structural integrity, the issues of increasing the quality of ready products become quite relevant.
Results of tests on plasticity evaluation of samples with homogenization The analysis of given data shows that all the studied ingots have different plastic properties on the height.
The conducted homogenization facilitated the reduction of metal yield stress.
The ingot, obtained after the re-melting of only scrap metal, no significant reduction of plasticity values scatter between the ingot upper and lower parts was found.
Park, Improvement of mechanical properties and reduction of yield asymmetry of extruded Mg-Al-Zn alloy through Sn addition, Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 766 (2018) 748-758

Phase composition of the samples was evaluated using PDF 2 (Release 2011) database (International Centre for Diffraction Data).
Small particle size was caused by using less effective reduction pathway.
TEM images of nanocomposites a) S2 and b) S3 The reduction took a place only for Ag cations adsorbed on the surface of C3N4.
If the amount of silver is too high, the amount of free electrons for oxygen reduction to superoxygen radicals is less and the photocatalytic activity is lowered.
Similar trend was observed for Ag NPs prepared by reduction reagent NaBH4.