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Bogdanov2c 1 Resnick Institute for Advanced Technology, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel; 2 Department of Crystal Physics, Karazin Kharkov National University, Kharkov 61077, Ukraine a kagany@mail.biu.ac.il, b lparitskaya@hotmail.com, cbogdanov@univer.kharkov.ua submitted: 9 July 2008 revised: 15 December 2008 accepted: 15 December 2008 Keywords: Cu-Sn thin films, reactive grain boundary interdiffusion, intermetallic phases, lateral phase propagation, nano-materials, grain boundary diffusion coefficients.
Due to normal growth, which requires additional material, the lateral propagation rate in uncovered films becomes lower compared to that in the covered films where normal growth is absent. 05 10 15 20 25 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 t1/2 (h1/2 ) xA1 ( m) H=90 nm; a=18 nm H=90 nm; a=40 nm H=50 nm; a=18 nm H=180 nm; a=18 nm 1 2 m) 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 t 1/2 (h 1/2) xA2 ( m) H=90 nm; a=18 nm H=90 nm; a=40 nm H=50 nm; a=18 nm H=180 nm; a=18nm 2 1 m) Fig. 4.
Specific feature of nano-grained materials consists in small length of the B-zone in comparison with the zone A: the smaller grain size, the shorter is the B-zone.
Acknowledgements This research was supported by a grant from the Ministry of Science and Technology of Israel (grant # 3-2820) and the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine (grant # M/257-2006) References [1] T.
Predel: Journal de Physique.

Prediction of and Early Warning for Deformation and Stress in the Xiaowan Arch Dam during the First Impounding Stage ZHOU Qiujing 1, a, ZHANG Guoxin 1, b and LIU Yi1, c 1 Department of Structures and Materials, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China azhouqj@iwhr.com, bzhanggx@iwhr.com, cliuyi@iwhr.com Keywords: High arch dams, Prediction and early warning, Deformation, Stress, First impounding stage Abstract.
Inversion analysis should also be conducted on the thermal parameters of the actual performance of dam concrete according to the measured air temperature, water temperature, sun exposure, other boundary conditions, and the thermal parameters of concrete materials obtained in material tests.
Acknowledgments This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (50909105), the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (2013CB035904, 2013CB036406), the National “Twelfth Five-Year” Plan for Science and Technology Support (SQ2013BAJY4138B02), the Governmental Public Industry Research Special Funds for Projects of MWR (201201050), and the Special Research Funds of IWHR (1361/1353/1169/1309).
[7] Li Zan: Study on cracks at the heel of the arch dam of shimen project, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 11, (1999), p.61-65

Glowacki5, j, Luca Bottura 1, k 1 CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland 2 Département de Physique de la Matière Condensée & MaNEP, Université de Genève, 24, quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Genève-4, Switzerland 3 Université de Poitiers, PHYMAT, SP2MI, F-86962 Futuroscope, France 4 ESRF, 6 rue Jules Horowitz, F-38000 Grenoble, France 5 Applied Superconductivity and Cryoscience Group, Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, Pembroke Street, University of Cambridge, CB2 3QZ, United Kingdom 6 Synchrotron SOLEIL, 91192 GIF-sur-YVETTE CEDEX France a ian.pong@cern.ch, bchristian.scheuerlein@cern.ch, ccarmine.senatore@unige.ch, d ludovic.thilly@univ-poitiers.fr, emarco.di_michiel@esrf.fr, falexandre.gerardin@cern.ch, g sch29@cam.ac.uk, hluc-rene.oberli@cern.ch, igeandier@synchrotron-soleil.fr, jbag10@cam.ac.uk, kluca.bottura@cern.ch Keywords: Cu-Ti, intermetallic compound, Nb-Ti, superconductor, LHC, ESRF, in situ XRD, in situ resistometry, RRR, superconducting
The starting material is the LHC 02 reference wire, with approximately 6500 roughly circular Nb-47 wt% Ti filaments embedded in an OFHC Cu matrix.
Biner: Journal of Materials Science Vol. 28, (1993), p. 4623.

Ballamurugan1 * 1 Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore – 641 046, India 2Department of Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Texas 77005, USA 4School of Physics, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai- 625021, India 3Department of Nano, Medical and Polymer Materials, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, S.
Silica Nanotube Synthesis 2.1 Materials and methods Anodic alumina oxide (AAO) membrane was used as a template in this work.
The molar ratio of the starting materials was EtOH: H2O: TEOS: P123: HCl = 0.038:0.1:0.01:0.016:0.027.
Materials 2011, 4, 487-526
Template synthesis of uniform 1D mesostructured silica materials and their arrays in anodic alumina membranes.Angew.

Introduction Material engineering is a process of modifying material to improve the characteristics of the material itself.
Experimental Section Material.
Saravanan, A review on the progress of nanostructure materials for energy harnessing and environmental remediation, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40097-018-0278-1
Roesyadi, Utilization of Silica from Indonesian Solid Wastes as Catalyst Materials, Key Eng.
Scherer, Sol-Gel_Science_The_physics_and_chemistry_of_sol-gel_processing_-_Brinker_1990.pdf, (1990) 462. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0254-0584(02)00315-2

Recently, new application of magnesium alloys as a novel biodegradable material for temporary internal fixation implants is also emerging [3].
The work material studied was the commercial AZ31B-O magnesium alloy.
There is no twinning in the bulk material since the as-received material is a fully annealed sheet.
This agrees well with the microstructures of the machined chips where the interior was almost the same as the intial material.
[9] Yanagimoto J., Karhausen K: Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, Vol. 120 (1998), p. 316

On this basis, the material can be used as a tunable optical material[11].
On this basis, its value is determined by the interaction of the radiation with the material.
The ultraviolet region has wavelengths ranging from 10nm to 400nm; it can be considered one of the most destructive restrictions that affect the properties of the materials used.
Ramanathan, others, Active optical metasurfaces based on defect-engineered phase-transition materials, Nano Lett. 16 (2016) 1050–1055
Wheeler, Atomic layer deposition of vanadium dioxide and a temperature-dependent optical model, JoVE (Journal Vis.

Moreover, Pt is a highly expensive rare metal, and this challenge has spurred research in alternative counter electrode materials and new Pt depositions methods [11].
Experimental Methods Materials.
All materials were used as purchased without further modifications.
Counter electrodes for DSC: Application of functional materials as catalysts, Inorg.
Talib, The effect of spin coating rate on the microstructure, grain size, surface roughness and thickness of Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 thin film prepared by the sol-gel process., Materials Science-Poland, Vol. 25, No. 3, (2007) 657-662

Experiment Reagent and material.
87.9 106.4 120.9 90.8 68.2 110.8 148.9 140.7 200 98.2 119.6 113.4 77.5 70.4 98.6 137.5 150.2 STZ 20 108.7 137.2 137.5 131.0 64.0 117.3 121.5 136.8 100 87.7 116.7 119.6 129.9 102.3 112.2 136.9 128.8 200 105.7 142.2 116.3 136.3 115.4 98.5 115.2 143.0 SDT 20 104.7 91.7 133.2 122.2 70.3 117.3 78.2 88.5 100 95.0 90.6 119.6 114.4 80.4 115.5 68.2 69.7 200 106.6 102.6 117.2 112.8 87.2 95.5 73.8 77.8 SQX 20 108.1 64.5 162.5 93.5 89.1 115.4 97.8 108.0 100 102.0 62.8 142.8 94.3 109.3 111.1 65.7 93.2 200 110.3 68.0 144.5 88.2 116.3 92.5 76.5 100.5 SDX 20 94.4 110.9 138.2 141.0 120.3 116.5 113.4 112.2 100 90.4 120.4 117.6 137.7 121.2 100.2 128.6 120.4 200 107.4 145.7 109.7 98.7 130.5 93.7 134.9 101.0 range 87.7-110.7 62.8-145.7 109.7-144.5 88.2-141.0 54.3-130.5 92.5-117.3 68.2-148.9 69.7-150.2 *: from true matrix-matched calibration curve; A: from matrix-matched calibration curve of honey-1; B: from matrix-matched calibration curve of honey-3; Acknowledgments This study was supported by the Natural Science
Journal of Chromatography A, 1217 (2010) 1471
Journal of Chromatography A, 1216 (2009) 1410
Journal of Chromatography A, 977 (2002) 77

As a result, heterogeneous catalysts for the Fenton reaction have been created and evaluated using materials containing transition metal cations, especially iron ions. [24] The Fenton process dramatically reduces hazardous and resistant chemical molecules while also improving the biodegradability of organic compounds.
Some advantages of the integrated system include the following: (1) In some cases, the anaerobic process can decrease the organic load on aerobic degradation and the creation of aerobic sludge, get rid of the organic materials and suspended solid in wastewater, and cut down on the overall size of the reactors
In most cases, the Fenton process has been studied after thermal regeneration and acidic re-dissolution of iron-containing materials.
Enginering Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 25 (2018) 13118-13126
International Journal of Molecular Science. 23 (2022) 1-9