Search results

Morphology and structure of consolidated materials were observed using a scanning electron microscope (Hitachi, model SC-2500).
Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol. 6 (2000), p. 219. ].
In the first case, the water elimination leads to a vitreous phase formation at the grain boundary which owns a weak chemical cohesion of covalent network compared with silica sand structure.
Chatterji: Chemistry of alkali-silica reaction and testing of aggregates.

Performance of the Castor Oil in Methanol-Gasoline as a Bi-Functional Additive Xu Jingfang1,a, Xue Yuying1,b, Liu Man3,c, Zhang Fawang3,d, Tang Ying1,4,e*, Zhang Yongming5,f and Wang Zheng5,g 1College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an, 710065, China 2Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Reservoir Protection Technology of Oilfields, Xi’an, 710065, China 3Oil Production Plant No. 11, PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Xi’an, 710200, China 4State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, CNPC Research Institute of Safety and Environmental Technology, Beijing, 102206, China 5School of Science, Xijing University, Xi’an, 710123, China a3067516420@qq.com, b958362272 @qq.com, c381875820@qq.com, d89985945@qq.com, etangying78@xsyu.edu.cn, f124843789@qq.com, g1427133955@qq.com Keywords: castor oil; methanol-gasoline; bi-functional additive Abstract.
Du, Prediction of Main Chemical Compositions in Biodiesel by Near Infrared Spectroscopy, Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 38 (2010) 805-810
Lai, Impact of Composition and Molecular Structure upon the Cold Flow Properties for Biodiesel, Acta Petrolel Science, 25 (2009) 673-677
Tang, The Impact of Micron Lead Monoxiede and its Crystal Structure on Iribological Properties in Lubricatiay Grease, Speciality Petrochemicals, 29 (2012) 50-54

Analysis were carried out in Chemistry Lab. and Industrial Eng. 
Spectrum of oxodegradable labeled plastic bag sample biodegradable labeled plastic bag Table 3 showed the absorption at 3367,71 cm-1 indicating typical OH groups in the structure of starch.
From FTIR,it can be concluded that there are visible absorption on 3367,71 cm-1, this shows the typical character of OH group in starch structure only in biodegradable type of plastic bag.
Association of Official Analytical Chemistry.

Introduction One of the urgent problems in housing and communal services, construction is protection against icing of roof surfaces, other building structures in conditions of alternating temperatures, accompanied by precipitation, fog, high humidity.
Real surfaces of metal, cement building structures are rough.
Bykhovsky, Distribution, Kiev, Naukova Dumka, (1983) [5] R.N.Wenzel, Resistance of solid surfaces to wetting by water, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry. 28 (8) (1936) 988-994
Pospelova, A criterion for assessing the energy properties of a surface, Nanosystems: physics, chemistry, mathematics. 2 (4) (2001) 120-125

However, as the number of Si3N4/SiO2 stack layer in the V-NAND structure increases, trade-off between Si3N4 etching rate and etch selectivity with oxide regrowth issue becomes critical [1].
Lim, Oxide regrowth mechanism during silicon nitride etching in vertical 3D NAND structures, Microelectron.
Wulfsberg, Principles of descriptive chemistry, Brooks/Cole Pub., Monterey, California, 1987
Ackermann, Inorganic Chemistry, Wulfsberg, Gary, 2000.

The objective of this work involves the laboratory screening using knowledge of the molecular structure and physical properties of the surfactants as well as reservoir temperature, salinity and crude oil properties.
Boon, Chemistry in Enhanced Oil Recovery- Overview (1984)
Borchardt, Foaming Agents for EOR: Correlation of Surfactant Performance Properties with Chemical Structure, presented at the SPE International Symposium on Oilfield Chemistry San Antonio, Texas, USA, (1987)

Separation of Butanes and Butylenes by Extractive Distillation with MEK/NFM Mixed Solvent Xiao Li Hana, Yong Mei Fengb, Wan Zhong Renc, Xiao Ping Chend, Wen You Xue, Wen Hua Wangf* College of Chemistry and Chemistry engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, Shandong Province, PR China axlh0535@126.com, byongmeif@126.com, crwzhong@126.com, dxiaopingch@126.com, exuwenyou000@126.com, fwenhuawang@126.com *Corresponding author.
The results showed that it owns a mole weight of 143 (Its molecular structure is showed in Fig.2).
Fig.2 Structure of foreign substance in recycling solvent Comparison to other solvent system As compared with other solvent system for C4 separation, NFM/MEK mixed solvent shows the following advantages

Accelerated Transformation of Brushite Cement into Carbonate Apatite in Biomimetic Solution Sahin Altundal1,a*, Marco Laurenti2,b, Enrique López‐Cabarcos2,c, Jorge Rubio-Retama2,d and Karlis Agris Gross3,e 1Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Transport and Aeronautics, Riga Technical University, Riga LV-1006, Latvia 2Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University, Madrid 28040, Spain 3Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Riga LV-1048, Latvia asahin.altundal@edu.rtu.lv, bmarclaur@ucm.es, ccabarcos@ucm.es, dbjrubio@ucm.es, ekarlis-agris.gross@rtu.lv Keywords: brushite, transformation, co-precipitation, surface modification, apatite formation, biomimetic solution, carbonate apatite.
SEM images showed the needle-like brushite structure in all cements (Fig. 3).
Kareiva, Effect of processing conditions on the crystallinity and structure of carbonated calcium hydroxyapatite (CHAp), CrystEngComm. 16(19) (2014) 3950-3959.

Islam Mollah 1,c, Soon-Ho Lee 1,d , Sang-Ho Moon 2,e, Sang-Young Pyun3,f and Whan-Gi Kim 1,g* 1 Department of Applied Chemistry/RIC-ReSEM, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea 2 Department of Animal Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea 3 Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Pusan, Korea a s0673231@konkuk.ac.kr, bzephyrc1@konkuk.ac.kr, csharifsuman@yahoo.com, d loveknotsh@kku.ac.kr, emoon0204@kku.ac.kr, fcsypyun@pknu.ac.kr, g*wgkim@kku.ac.kr Keywords: fuel cell membrane, proton exchange membrane, poly(ether sulfone), fuel cell.
Most of the chemical structure of polymer membranes have sulfonic acid groups directly attach on aromatic rings.
Chemical structures of sulfonated poly (ether sulfone) (S-PES) copolymers were identified by 1H NMR shown in Figure 1. 1H NMR confirmed that methylene protons nearby COOH in PES-COOH were observed at 2.2 ppm and 2.8 ppm respectively, and the methylene protons of PES-OH were shifted to down field 2.1, 2.3, and 3.6 ppm because of the electron withdrawing effect.

The increased of crosslink density shows that the increased vulcanization time which directly associated with changes in the original crosslink structure, such as main scission and crosslink modifications [8].
Vulcanization of rubber compound changed the crosslink structure to be layered to each other which increased the specimen rigidity.
Kurrakose: Submitted to Journal of Rubber Chemistry Technology.74 (2001)
Rodgers, Rubber Compounding: Chemistry and Applications, CRC, (2004).