Books by Keyword: Diffusion

Description: The present issue comprises a compilation of data on diffusion in halides in either the crystalline or molten state; that is, diffusion in aqueous systems is not covered. The data cover a period of almost 50 years: from 1965 to the beginning of 2014. The over 700 entries, 205 tables and 34 figures will provide an invaluable wealth of information on diffusion in this class of material.

Description: Due to its small size, the hydrogen atom is, wanted or unwanted, an ubiquitous diffusant in many metallic systems. It has long been known for its harmful effect upon mild steel sheet; the deleterious phenomenon of hydrogen-embrittlement having been recognized since the early days of the industrial revolution. Its behavior in some metals is further complicated by its tendency to form hydrides with the metal, or with various non-metallic impurities. The ability of some metals and alloys to store large quantities of hydrogen – first recognized in the 19^th century - is another complicating factor. The complexity of metal-hydrogen behavior was undoubtedly also the cause of the mistaken ‘cold fusion’ claims of the late 1980s. The present issue comprises a compilation of hydrogen diffusion and permeation data in metals. These data are believed to be ‘pure’: that is, free from the interfering effects of hydride formation, etc. The almost 600 entries, 201 tables and 41 figures cover the period from 1966 to 2013. These are supplemented by an original review, by T.B.Flanagan of the University of Vermont, which has as its subject, The Role of the Thermodynamic Factor in Hydrogen Diffusion in Metal and Alloy Membranes.

Description: Volume is indexed by Thomson Reuters BCI (WoS).
The special session "Fluid Flow, Energy Transfer and Design" held at the 9th International Conference on Diffusion in Solids and Liquids (DSL 2013) sheltered papers of different areas ranging from physics, mathematics and chemistry to engineering. It served as a link under which authors of different areas and backgrounds came together, and make their research accessible to the varied audience. In this sense worked to counter the possible divisive tendency. This special issue is a fitting tribute to the different views since this is not a divisive tendency but the seethe of science that shapes the ever-changing landscapes of our research world.

Description: During the past 40 years, secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) has become increasingly more popular for measuring diffusivities because it avoids the handling problems, environmental concerns and shortage of suitable isotopes which are associated with the use of radioactive tracer methods. It is the most sensitive of all the standard surface analytical techniques, and is capable of detecting impurity elements at less than 1ppm concentration, and bulk impurity concentrations of around 1ppb in certain cases. The sample surface is bombarded with high-energy ions, leading to the ejection of neutral and charged species. The latter can include atoms, clusters of atoms and molecular fragments. Static SIMS is used for sub-monolayer elemental analysis, dynamic SIMS is used for investigating composition as a function of depth below the surface and imaging SIMS is used for spatially-resolved elemental analysis. Static SIMS plus time-of-flight analysis, rather than the usual quadrupole mass analysis, permits a more exact quantitative analysis of specimens. The present compilation of nearly 800 items covers a selection of mainly-quantitative results, obtained using secondary ion mass spectrometry, for diffusivities in a wide range of materials.

Description: The book includes both fundamental and technological aspects of defects in semiconductor materials and devices, including photovoltaics.
Volume is indexed by Thomson Reuters CPCI-S (WoS).
The 74 papers are grouped as follows: I. Defect engineering in silicon solar cells; II. Structural and production issues in cast silicon materials for solar cells; III. Characterisation of silicon for solar cells; IV. Intrinsic point defects in silicon; V. Light impurities in silicon-based materials; VI. Metals in silicon: fundamental properties and gettering; VII. Extended and implantation-related defects in silicon; VIII. Surfaces, passivation and processing; IX. Germanium-based devices and materials; X. Semiconductors other than silicon and germanium; XI. Nanostructures and new materials systems.

Description: Carbon has always been an essential feature of human civilisation (not to mention the human constitution), whether as mere fuel, as an expensive bauble or as an essential component of those two supporting pillars (organic chemicals, steel) of the industrial revolution. Even since its recognition as an element, 2¼ centuries ago, it has never ceased to offer new surprises and properties. Just decades ago, students had to contend with only two main forms, graphite and diamond, but nowadays there is a plethora of nanotubes, fullerenes, graphenes, etc. The present volume offers a compilation (over 400 items) of data on mass diffusion, in all of the various known allotropes of carbon, spanning some 6 decades.

Description: Volume is indexed by Thomson Reuters BCI (WoS).
Metals, because of their inherent properties, have been in service to mankind from the Early Periods. Metal craft started turning into metal science in the 19th Century and got matured in 20th century. The present book, to the best of author’s memory, is the first attempt to present the history of metal science in one volume, covering both extractive and physical metallurgy. The book is aimed as a supplementary text book for students in metallurgy and materials science and also selectively for general readers. After a brief introduction (Chapter 1), the second and third chapters are devoted to extractive metallurgy. The chapters related to physical metallurgy (4th to 6th) are written in a sequence such that the description of structures is given first, before highlighting the properties of metals and alloys. The final chapter ‘Future Trends’ highlights various topics in contemporary metal science.

Description: This periodical edition includes peer-reviewed scientific and engineering papers on all aspects of research in the area of nanoscience and nanotechnologies and wide practical application of the achieved results.

Description: The collection of peer reviewed papers C-MRS 2012 meeting includes 102 papers selected from Symposium P: Advanced processing of materials, Symposium V: Materials modeling and simulation, and Symposium W: Materials surface and interface.

Description: This special issue contains selected peer-reviewed papers presented atthe Eighth International Conference on Diffusion in Solids and Liquids(DSL-2012) held at the Hotel Kalyon Istanbul, Turkey during the period 25^th-29^thJune, 2012.The goal of the conference was to provide a unique opportunity toexchange information, to present the latest results as well as to review therelevant issues oncontemporary diffusion research. Young scientists were especially encouraged to attend the conference and to establish international networks with well-known scientists.
Volume is indexed by Thomson Reuters CPCI-S (WoS).