Preparation of Nano-Ru/[Bmim][BF4] Catalyst and its Application in the Benzene Selective Hydrogenation

Abstract:

The nano-Ru/[Bmim][BF₄] catalyst was prepared for benzene selective hydrogenation in 1-n-butyl-3- methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [Bmim][BF₄] by chemical reduction method. TEM analysis of these nanoparticles sho wed the monodisperse Ru⁰ particles which were prepared by positive dropping method dispersed in the ionic liquids with diameters less than 5nm. The Ru⁰ particles which were prepared by reverse dropping method agglomerated with diameters more than 10nm. KBH₄ was the suitable reductant. The optimum loading of Ru was 1.5%. The hydrogenation activity of Ru/ [Bmim] [BF₄] was high and the selectivity of cyclohexene was very low. Selectivity of cyclohexene was only 14.5% at 27.3 % benzene conversion.

• Periodical: Applied Mechanics and Materials (Volumes 110-116)
• Pages: 1906-1911
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.110-116.1906
• Online since: October 2011
• Authors: Jun Fang Wei, Yan Ji Wang, Juan Li, Wei Xue
• Keywords: Benzene, Ionic Liquid (IL), Ru Nanoparticle, Selective Hydrogenation

References

[1] Zhu Y J, WangW W, Qi R J, et al. Microwave-assisted synthesis of single-crystalline tellurium nanorods and nanowires in ionic liquids', Angew Chem Int Ed, vol. 43, Mar. 2004, pp.1410-1014, doi: 10. 1002/anie. 200353101.

DOI: 10.1002/anie.200353101

[2] AntoniettiM, Kuang D B, Smarsly B, et al. Ionic liquids for the convenient synthesis of functional nanoparticles and other inorganic nanostructures, Angew Chem Int Ed, vol. 43, Aug. 2004, pp.4988-4992, doi: 10. 1002/anie. 200460091.

DOI: 10.1002/anie.200460091

[3] Zhou Y. Recent advances in ionic liquids for synthesis of inorganic nanomaterials, Curr Nanosci, vol. 1, Jan. 2005, pp.35-42, doi: 10. 2174/1573413052953174.

[4] Scheeren CW, Machado G, Dupont J, et al. Nanoscale Pt (0) particles prepared in imidazolium room temperature ionic liquids: synthesis from an organometallic precursor, characterization, and catalytic properties in hydrogenation reactions, Inorg Chem, vol. 42, Jun. 2003, pp.4738-4742.

DOI: 10.1021/ic034453r

[5] Wang W W, Zhu Y J. Shape controlled synthesis of Zinc Oxide by microwave heating using an imidazolium salt, Inorg Chem Commun, vol. 7, Sep. 2004, pp.1003-1005, doi: 10. 1016/j. inoche. 2004. 06. 014.

DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2004.06.014

[6] Wang Y, Yang H. Synthesis of CoPt nanorods in ionic liquids, JAm Chem Soc, vol. 127, Mar. 2005, pp.5316-5317, doi: 10. 1021/ja043625w.

DOI: 10.1021/ja043625w

[7] Zhang J , Sun L D, Yin J L, et al. Control of ZnO morphology via a simple solution route, Chem Mater, vol. 14, Sep. 2002, pp.4172-4177, doi: 10. 1021/cm020077h.

DOI: 10.1021/cm020077h

[8] Zhou Y, Antonietti M. Preparation of highly ordered monolithic super microporous lamellar silica with a room-temperature ionic liquid as template via the nanocasting technique, Adv Mater, vol. 15, Sep. 2003, pp.1452-1455.

DOI: 10.1002/adma.200305265

[9] Wang X T, Yu L, Peng J L, et al. Preparation of nano Ni catalyst in ionic liquids [bmim]PF6 and its application in the styrene hydrogenation, J Adv Mater, vol. 39, Mar. 2008, pp.519-522.

[10] Bruss A J, Gelesky M A, Machadoa G, et al. Rh (0) nanoparticles as catalyst precursors for the solventless hydroformylation of olefins, J Mol Catal A: Chem, vol. 252, Jun. 2006, pp.212-218, doi: 10. 1016/j. molcata. 2006. 02. 063.

DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2006.02.063

[11] Wang H Z, Mu X D, Kou Y. Rhodium nanoclusters protected by ionic copolymer in a iquid: a catalytically efficient system of arene hydrogenation, The 25th CCS congress, Jilin University Press, Jul. (2006).

[12] Tian A G. Partial hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexenol, Chem Ind Eng Prog, vol 22, May. 2003, pp.529-532, doi: HGJZ. 0. 2003-05-022.

[13] Jia J F, Zhang T, Xu Z S, et al. The progress of partial hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexene, Speciality Petrochemicals, vol. 3, May. 1997, pp.46-50, doi: JXSY. 0. 1997-03-015.

[14] Shi R J, Liu S C, Wang H, et al. Study on Ru-M1-M2 catalyst prepared by precipitation method for selective hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexene, J Mol Catal, vol 19, Apr. 2005, pp.141-145, doi: FZCH. 0. 2005-02-012.

[15] Liu S C, Luo G, Han M L. Characterization of the catalyst prepared by impregnation for selective hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexene, Chin J Catal, vol. 22, Nov. 2001, pp.559-562, doi: CHUA. 0. 2001-06-013.

[16] Song Y, Jin C Q, Xue Wei, et al. Study on the selective hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexene over Ru-Zn@SiO2, J Hebei University of Technology, vol. 38, Feb. 2009, pp.12-16, doi: HBGB. 0. 2009-01-007.

[17] Silveira E T, Umpierre A P, Rossi M R, et al. The partial hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexene by nanoscale Ruthenium catalysts in imidazolium ionic liquids, Chem Eur J, vol. 6, Aug. 2004, pp.3734-3740, doi: 10. 1002/chem. 200305765.

DOI: 10.1002/chem.200305765