Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 178-181

Abstract: The expressway occupies an important position in the highway network for its many feathers such as having large capacity, being fast and safe and so on, playing the role as the backbone of transport. With the rapid development of China's national economy and road transportation, the toll-by-weight expressway is being used in larger areas. To go further in research of the toll-by-weight model, it is essential to determine the charging standard by weight, so as to promote this toll-by-weight model as an important part of long-term mechanism curing overweight transport. This paper analyses several methods of the existing toll-by-weight expressway.

Abstract: First of all, the influence of toll-by-weight road traffic and truck models was analyzed, and the flow which choose the expressway and ordinary road was obtained by the separation model ; then the rate influence on different traffic flow types was analyzed by applying sensitivity analysis; finally, developed the empirical analysis of Hebei section of Expressway Jing-Hu, and the proposal for highway management department whose aims at balance the traffic flow in road net , stabilize the fees amount of management department and increase the expressway users benefit to draw up the reasonable rate based on the relationship above has been raised.

Abstract: The traffic conflict between pedestrian and vehicle is a main factor that influences the intersection safety and capacity. In this paper, a conflict model that simulates the pedestrians and vehicles’ crossing behaviors when passing the pedestrian crossing area at signalized intersection is presented based on cellular automata method. Evolution rules for pedestrians, vehicles and conflicts between them are assigned. Four types of traffic conflict events and conflict areas are categorized and defined. On the basis of the simulation results, the pedestrian delay owning to traffic conflicts, the number of pedestrians’ conflicts, the conflict event and their relationships with the vehicle density as well as the pedestrian density are analyzed and discussed. This model reproduces realistic pedestrian-related traffic phenomenon effectively and can be used in more complex traffic environments at signalized intersections.

Abstract: In the paper,using graph theory,set theory and iteration,we give gradual search algorithm with number of transfer acting as parameter. Through dealing with data of traffic line, line is united in algorithm,and computational model is simplified. Through optimization of left and right in circuit site and same line repeating site, the shortest timing function in circuit is realized. We consider the subway and walking time of all sites furtherly.

Abstract: Existing park and ride (P&R) facilities may enhance the serviceability of the transportation systems by redistributing travelers from vehicles mode to mass transit. As a tool in transportation demand management, road tolling policy will have an influence on the transportation system with P&R facilities. In this paper, impact of various road tolling policies on modal choice behaviors within context of commuting corridors with P&R services are investigated from the perspective of serviceability. The related road tolling schemes contains first-best toll, distance-based toll and cordon-based toll. The probability of commuters’ modal-choice is estimated using a stochastic equilibrium model. Innovatively, the serviceability concept is adopted to evaluate performances of different travel modes. Model results illustrate how transportation system performance is influenced by the different types of road tolling policies. Some of the results are concordant with empirical findings in the literature.

Abstract: The urban transit network planning is considered as a group decision making problem with multiple objectives and multiple decision makers, due to the its planning characteristics. A new group decision making method is presented to overcome the problem in current group decision making. With the idea of integration and collaboration, the group decision making problem is turned into the group decision making with multiple objectives and decision makers, and the two stage decision model is established. The dynamic index is transformed into static index with the dynamic multi-valued context, and the first stage decision model is established by entropy weight theory. The weight is given by experts with cluster analysis, and the aggregation model of group decision making is established with relative entropy, in the second stage.

Abstract: The paper investigates the effects of the road geometry parameters and the driver psychosocial reaction behaviors on driving safety of vehicles on the two-lane highway of mountain area. Firstly, the equivalent accident rate, P, is put forward as driving safety indicator, and the parameter sensitive analysis are performed between P and road geometry parameters including curve radius, slope and length, then the estimation model and evaluation criterion of P is established. Secondly, the psychosocial reaction behavior index, N, is provided as ride comfort indicator, and the evaluation model of N is established by relating N with road geometry parameters and driving speed. Finally, the two kinds of limiting condition including highest safety of the general bending, slope sections and lowest safety of the sharp curve, steep sections are present and the corresponding the driving speed is calculated. The analysis show that when V=35km/h in the most secure particular curved, the optimum driving safety and comfort can be achieved. As well, the maximum speed will be 10km/h in the lowest ones.

Abstract: In order to improve the efficiency of selecting the optimal scheme from the delivering and fetching shunting schemes of through wagon flow to and from the enterprise dedicated lines which are located in radial shape, the taboo search algorithm is applied in the process finding the optimal solution. The objective function is directly used as the fitness function, and the solution generated by exchanging the wagon group delivering order of one dedicated line with another is taken as the new solution; the taboo list is two-dimensional array, and a fixed value is given as the taboo length; if the evaluation value of the current optimal solution is superior to the historical one, the taboo rules will be defied and the current optimal solution be directly accepted; once the iteration number reaches the predetermined number, the calculating process will be terminated. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the Taboo search algorithm to the problem, and show that the bigger the number of the dedicated lines, the more the number of equivalent schemes and the higher the searching efficiency is. And the smaller the number of the equivalent schemes, the bigger the search scope is. If the number of the dedicated lines is not more than 8, the processing time by computer is not longer than 15 milliseconds.

Abstract: Usually the major airports have lots of air routes and scheduled flights. The intense competition turns passengers and cargoes of air transport to the major airports in a multi-airport system. It takes operating loss to many medium and small airports. From the view of airports, this paper analyzed the important factors of choosing destinations, and proposed a new indicator - air passenger traffic correlation. Finally, the optional destinations were collocated with the method of the Set Pair Analysis (SPA). Through the case analysis of Wuxi airport, the validity of method in this paper was verified. It provided the basis to choose destinations for medium and small airports.

Abstract: Travel is derived from the necessity to engage in spatially-separated activities. Previous researches have demonstrated that socio-demographics have effects on activity-travel behavior, but few of them focus on the interactions between activity and trip-chaining, especially the influence of trip-chaining on activity. Based on the activity-travel survey data of Suzhou, China, in 2009, complex interactions between activity participation and trip-chaining behavior of nuclear household are explored using structural equation model. Model estimation results show that trade-off and complementarity exist among different types of activities and trip chains. Besides, trip-chaining generation is deeply affected by activity participation. Subsistence activity negatively affects trip-chaining characteristics, while maintenance and leisure activities positively affect it. Furthermore, feedbacks from trip-chaining characteristics to activity participation do exist. Travel time and the number of trip-chaining have significant effects on activity duration.