Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 204-208

Abstract: This document illustrates the overall technical requirements of constructing modern geodetic control net in Shandong. Besides, it discusses the key technology of following aspects: the layout, observation and data processing of A, B and C-order GPS control net; the repetition measurement of second-class level net throughout the entire Shandong; the repetition and filling-in measurement of third-class level net of Shandong; geoid refining. What’s more, it demonstrates the vital significance and expected precision indexes of constructing recent geodetic control net in Shandong.

Abstract: The conventional D-InSAR technique has been successfully applied in the volcano, earthquake induced surface deformation monitoring of large scale. However it is restricted by the loss of coherence and atmospheric delay effect. Advanced PS-INSAR as IPTA (Interferometric Point Target Analysis) technology was used to monitor urban area in Cangzhou city. Linear equations and the periodic function were used to fit the region of the deformation field. The experimental results show that the region of maximum deformation rate up to 20mm/yr and the maximum deformation of 45mm at Mar. 2010 in the central of Cangzhou city with 17 ASAR data from 23 February 2007 to 15 October 2010. It is well correlation with groundwater monitor well’s water level. The results show IPTA technique is capable of detecting long-term accumulated crustal deformation on landslip and active faults and is superior to the conventional PS-INSAR in the realization of efficiency and data storage. It will become one of the most effective technologies to monitor of landslide, active faults and seismic deformation.

Abstract: Field survey provides data for further research and is a key link in research on traditional settlements and other architectural heritage. However, due to the complexity of the landform, layout, orientation of buildings, forms and structures of traditional settlements, mapping and other fieldwork may take much time and efforts and are very difficult. Besides, satellite remote sensing data are few. Therefore it is necessary to introduce some advanced equipment and technology for spatial information acquisition. Through years of experiments with aerial and ground-based equipments, the author finds that small unmanned helicopter, with its multi-functional spatial information acquisition capacity, is the best choice for the research of traditional settlements and other related fields.

Abstract: The paper elaborates the principle of the GPS leveling and conventional secondary surface fitting method. It introduces dynamic weighted fitting method and MATLAB V4 interpolation fitting method. Finally, using an example, the paper makes the comparison and gets some practical significance conclusions: conventional secondary surface fitting method can be used if the area is small and its terrain is simple; the area's terrain is flat, it can use V4 interpolation and When the area's terrain is fluctuated, it can use dynamic weighted fitting method.

Abstract: In high accuracy GPS deformation monitor application,we usually use GPS relative positioning, establishing the positioning model with double-difference carrier phase observation to accomplish high accuracy positioning. In accordance with different deformation monitor mode, the processing methods of double-difference ambiguity are accordingly different. In periodical repeated monitor, we usually use routine GPS static relative positioning processing method; in stationary and continuous monitor, we can adopt a DC (direct calculation) method; while in real-time dynamic monitor, we choose a plan of known ambiguity transferring. The paper discusses the ambiguity processing procedures in three different deformation monitor modes, and uses examples proving them.

Abstract: The transformation between different coordinate systems is a technical issue in the process of surveying and mapping. Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Hong Kong Passenger ZH-4 contract Huanggang tunnel passes Shenzhen and Hong Kong. Its coordinates belong to different coordinate systems. In order to ensure the tunnel through quality, coordinate conversion accuracy perpendicular to the direction of tunnel axis should be main consideration when coordinate transformation. According to the characteristics of the tunnel project, using four-parameter model and the least square method. Through composing different public control point, and comparing the tunnel through the point and the cut-off point the projection length of conversion residuals on the important through direction, the optimal transformation parameters have been selected.

Abstract: Rationalization of modern tourist scenic spot planning is very important to the development of the whole scenic area, and the rational planning of tourism resources of scenic area is based on the full development of resources, then making the systems be optimized in the scenic area. When applying GIS technology to urban tourism scenic spot, the distribution of tourism resources will be more reasonable. The application of GIS network analysis function on traffic planning and underground pipeline planning, which achieve programming optimization, and then doing three-dimensional visualization for network planning, clearly analysis the planning rationality. The superiority of GIS spatial analysis functions makes the tourist scenic spot planning optimization in low-cost, and also provides a good platform for the operation and management of scenic area.

Abstract: Based on the grey system theory, through the analysis of the theory flaw of the GM (1,1) prediction model, taking into the linear trend and the exponential growth trend of the settlement monitoring data series, and using the sequence operator role to enhance the smoothness of the original sequence data, combined with the characteristics of GM (1,1) and the linear regression, this paper presents a new and improved combination forecasting mode. Compared the traditional model, the accuracy of the improved method has been greatly enhanced, and the improved method will better meet the practical requirements.

Abstract: Principal component analysis (PCA) is a good method to be used in spatiotemporal filtering for regional GPS network. As an extension of PCA, independent component analysis(ICA) is also widely concerded in many fields of sciences and application researches. As a new spatiotemporal filtering method, the application of ICA in spatiotemporal filtering of the regional GPS network and GPS deformation monitoring is explored in this paper. The simulated data test shows the filtering effect of ICA is the same as PCA, both of the PCA and ICA can extract two independent components which implied in simulated common mode error. At the same time, the SCIGN data test shows the filtering effect of ICA is a litter worse than PCA, but ICA extracts not only one independent components as common mode error, it is not unique and independence that can not be provided by the PCA method. It also reflects the essence of common mode error of different station in independence. Therefore, ICA method can be applied to GPS deformation monitoring as a new spatiotemporal filtering method, the feasibility and advantage of ICA is demonstrated in the experiment of simulated data and SCIGN data.

Abstract: Based on monthly data about temperature from 1957 to 2007 in Huaibei plain. Temperature variation trends and spatial differences were investigated by linear trend estimation method. Results show that annual mean temperature has increased about 1.2°C, with 0.25°C per ten years, which is especially obvious after the 1990s; Seasonal increasing trends are significant except summer, with increments of 1.6, 1.4 and 1.7°C in spring, autumn, and winter, about 0.33, 0.26, and 0.36°C per ten years, respectively; Warming rate from large to small was winter, spring and autumn. Suzhou and Bengbu are the most affected areas, which is warming obviously, increase temperature range is bigger; Dangshan, Bozhou, and Fuyang is the second one, warming of smaller amplitude.