Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 409-410

Abstract: China National Knowledge Infrastructure database (CNKI) is used as the platform to analyze the keywords of water transfer project related papers published on core journals during the past 20 years. After using the softwares Ucinet and SPSS to make co-word analysis including multidimensional scaling analysis and cluster analysis, the research hotspots of water transfer are discussed. Results are found that research hotspots can be divided into four aspects, including water environment simulation on major water transfer project, planning and water resource impact of inter-basin water transfer project, transferable water volume analysis and ecological compensation, and water supply scheme and risk assessment.

Abstract: Variance analysis and variogram were used to analyze the spatial variations of eight conventional solutes, which are K⁺+Na⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Cl^-, SO₄^2-, HCO₃^-, NO₃^-, Total hardness (TH), of 90 groundwater samples from monitoring wells that spread in the Jilin city and suburbs. It is showed that concentration distributions of groundwater solutes have significant spatial variance structure in Jilin city and suburban.. Concentration of the most groundwater solutes in urban is higher than outskirts as well as spatial variability, while the area of Jiangbei has the highest of both. Correspondingly, NO₃^-Cl^- and SO₄^2- have greater spatial variability than other solutes. From this research a conclusion can be safely drawed, that variance analysis and variogram are effective tools to study the spatial variability of groundwater solutes.

Abstract: Sewage deep sea discharge is used in nearshore district, which has a characteristic of jet. In this paper, anisotropic turbulent buoyant jet model is applied for simulating the current field of jet and the distribution of pollutant dilution. The scale of recirculation zone is very important parameter for sewage dilution, which is simulated in this paper.

Abstract: An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of limited water supply on plant height, leaf area, dry matter and net assimilation rate (NAR) of spring maize. The results indicated that limited water supply had little effect on plant height of maize at six-leaf, twelve-leaf, heading and early grain filling except the end of filling. Leaf growth and leaf area expansion were effectively increased at middle and late maize growth stages under limited water supply and the maximum leaf area was maintained at early grain filling to middle filling. In addition, dry matter accumulation of maize in reproductive organs may be promoted by limited water supply. Finally, limited water supply also had great effect on net assimilation rate of maize and the maximum was maintained at six-leaf to twelve-leaf, followed by heading to silking.

Abstract: In allusion to environmental pollution brought about by wastewater irrigation, EM technology was introduced to study the feasibility of EM application in wastewater irrigation. The results show that EC, NO₃^--N and TN value of EM treatment in shallow groundwater are all less than those of WW treatment as a whole. In all samples, 59.3% NO₃^--N values are in the alert status, and when irrigation amount reaches 360mm, treatment WW has caused shallow groundwater pollution. TN concentration in treatment WW-3 on June 27 and July 9 is more than 110 mg/L. It suggests that NO₃^--N can easily penetrate into shallow groundwater with wastewater irrigation and there is insurance of groundwater pollution in the long-term wastewater irrigation. It also indicates that application of wastewater treated by EM reused for irrigation is feasible. TP values are all very low and suggest the pollution of P does not happen.

Abstract: Wheat straws, wheat shells, corn leaves and corn cobs (5%, 8% and 10%) were added to red clay to obtain seedling bricks, and seedling bricks mixed with nothing as control (CK), and did the tests of molding density, crumble rate and penetration rate of water with them. The results showed that the larger proportion of mix-plants, the better on physical properties of the seedling bricks. When the proportion of mix-plants was the same, their molding density CK > mixed with wheat straws > mixed with corn cobs > mixed with wheat shells > mixed with corn leaves; their crumble rates: CK > mixed with corn cobs > mixed with wheat shells > mixed with wheat straws > mixed with corn leaves; their water penetration rates: mixed with corn cobs > mixed with wheat straws > seedling bricks mixed with corn leaves> mixed with wheat shells > CK. The density of seeding brick containing 10% corn leaves obtained minimum, and its penetration rate was the least as well; the penetration rate of water of seeding brick with 10% corn cobs was the biggest.

Abstract: Wheat straws, wheat shells, corn leaves and corn cobs (0%, 5%, 8% and 10%) were added to red clay to obtain seedling bricks, pure red clay as control (CK), did evaporation test. The results showed that the larger of the proportion of mix-plant was, the smaller the cumulative evaporation of seedling bricks was. The cumulative evaporation of seedling bricks mixed with 10% corn cob was the minimum. In all seedling bricks, the order of 1st day evaporation suppression efficiency and cumulative evaporation suppression efficiency I_E: mixed with corn cobs > mixed with wheat shells > mixed with wheat straws > mixed with corn leaves > mixed with nothing, and evaporation suppression efficiency of seedling bricks mixed with 10% corn cobs was the maximum. With the proportion of mix-plant increases, evaporation stability, evaporation suppression efficiency and water retention characteristic of seedling bricks were improved significantly.

Abstract: This paper points out the significance of study on ancient ecological thought and practice to rebuilt Chinese ecological civilization in the age of New Urbanization by exploring and analyzing ancient Chinese ecological thought and practice from five aspects, including the origin, core, and development of ecological thought, Feng Shui theory in constructions of urban-rural, and Yu Heng system in protections of environment.

Abstract: The use of thin plastic film to cover slope surfaces can lead to slope runoff and soil erosion in Loess hilly areas in northwest China. Three main factors (slope, rainfall intensity, and coverage ratio) were selected to analyze variations in runoff dynamics for a Lou soil surface and to obtain a theoretical foundation for practical application. The results indicate that for a fixed rainfall intensity and coverage ratio, a critical slope gradient close to 26.8% was observed. For a fixed coverage ratio and slope gradient, the cumulative runoff volume increased with the rainfall intensity. Overland flow varied with the coverage ratio and this can be attributed to increases in the cumulative runoff volume and runoff velocity with increasing coverage ratio. The experimental results show that for double-ridge cultivation with film mulching, the best coverage ratio is 50:150. This ratio not only reduces moisture evaporation and promotes soil conservation, but also effectively improves rainwater utilization and reduces soil erosion. In addition, for slope gradients exceeding 26.8%, runoff decreases and the soil infiltration capacity increases, so a slope gradient of 26.836.4% is optimal for the local cultivation model.

Abstract: There is a close relationship between the disturbance of wind power generation on the circulation of the atmosphere and the underlying surface soil properties change process. Research mentality and the technical route of the wind power impact on surface soil properties were discussed in detail. With the wind rods with different construction time as the center, outward in a separated by 20m as the radius to make concentric circular sample ,differences could be obtained between eight neighboring direction and the same direction in different years and different distance on soil properties. Methods,field investigation, sampling and laboratory analysis of samples of combining,were applied. Data were analyzed using ORIGIN and SPSS software. Practice has proved that this set of research methods and experimental design is feasible.