Applied Mechanics and Materials Vol. 455

Abstract: The optimal˰̹̹̳̿̾˰̵̸̷̵͈̳̱̾˰̸̷̸̳̱̱͉͂̿̽̈́̿͂̀˰̴̱̾˰̴̹̹̼̼̱̹̓̈́̈́̿̾˰̵̸̴̽̈́̿̓˰͇̱̓˰̸̵̱͆˰̵̵̲̾˰̵̴̓ͅ˰̈́̿˰̴͉̓̈́ͅ˰̸̵̈́˰̵̲̓̈́˰̵̵̵͈̹̱̼̀͂̽̾̈́˰̴̳̹̹̿̾̈́̿̾̓˰̶̿˰̸̵̈́˰̵̹̱̾̈́͂̈́˰δ¹⁵N pretreatment in Lower Yellow River: basic anion exchange resin has been used, the best length of column was 3.00cm and the flow rate of water sample was 900mL/h, which were the best adsorption conditions; KCl was used as the eluent and the elution flow rate was 15mL/h ; the distillation time of eluent was 50min, 0.7g Devard's alloy and 75mg zeolite were used, the absorb liquid was 15ml HCl. The water samples was sent to Mass Spectrometert after pretreatment, the results showed that the nitrate contamination was mainly from nitrate nitrogen fertilizers and sewage in the reservoir flowing into the Yellow River.

Abstract: Graphene-based composites show much better adsorption capacity and other properties than single graphene under the same operating conditions. This paper summarized the different kinds of graphene-based composites removing various heavy metals and organic pollutants in wastewater.

Abstract: Effect of ZrO₂ on sintering properties of MgO prepared from natural brine from Qarhan Salt Lake, crystalline bischofite and MgCl₂·6H₂O(AR) was studied. The results showed that ZrO₂ of addition exceeded 1 wt% had promotive effect on sintering of magnesia prepared from MgCl₂·6H₂O(AR). While 1.5 wt% ZrO₂ was added, the bulk density of sample was 3.37 g/cm³, and relative density was 94.1%. With 1 wt% ZrO₂, the bulk densities of magnesia prepared from crystalline bischofite and brine were 3.10 and 3.27 g/cm³, and the relative densities increased by 10.0% and 19.6%, respectively. The main reasons for promoting MgO sintering with ZrO₂ were that monoclinic phase ZrO₂ converted to cubic phase Zr₂O and excess ZrO₂ reacted with MgO to generate Mg_0.13Zr_0.87O_1.87, which activated lattice and promoted the diffusion of ions during sintering process. In addition, liquid phase sintering was also one of the main reasons for promoting the sintering of brine magnesia.

Abstract: Fish scale, a by-product of fish processing, contains abundant of hydroxyapatite. Boiling fish scale in alkaline solution can fabricate adsorbent for sewage treatment. Degumming experiment had been investigated by exploring different heating time. Adsorption experiment had compared the adsorption effect of carmine by different fish scale sample. The results indicated that degummed fish scale had the best adsorption effect for containing both surface adsorption by hydroxyapatite and electrostatic adherence by collagen.

Abstract: The farmland soil and creek sediments in different depth in the mining area were sampled, and their content of ²³⁸U,²²⁶Ra and ²³²Th were determined by gamma spectrometric method to assess the impact of the soil environment by single index method. The result shows ²³²Th was not influenced on soil in survey area. ²²⁶Ra influenced more seriously than ²³⁸U on farmland soil, meanwhile, the farmland soil at downstream of tailings dam was contaminated seriously by radionuclides than at other places. For creak sediments ,adit water resulted in more serious pollution by ²³⁸U than ²²⁶Ra, however, tailings erosion resulted in more serious pollution by ²²⁶Ra than ²³⁸U.

Abstract: In the paper, based on the results of lean gas furnace temperature field, the study was carried out on firing earthenware. Compared with earthenware which fired with electric furnace, earthenware fired with Low-carbon Catalytic Combustion Furnace was having apparent advantages: exquisite appearance, shorter time of firing it and no pollution, etc. It provides experimental support for ceramics technology further improvement and solves the environmental pollution problem of traditional burners.

Abstract: In this experiment, the effective compounds of Stilbene glucoside and anthraquinones from polygonum multiflorum extract were separated under HPLC isocratic elution. SinoChrom ODS-BP C18 is selected as chromatographic column. The optimal experimental conditions under 320nm and 254nm wavelength UV detector include the column temperature: 28°C, mobile phase: methanol/water, and flow rate: 1.0ml/mol. All as above, we can draw a conclusion that the technology of stilbene glucoside extraction is successful , the main ingredients of fleece-flower root extract can be effectively separated because the purity of the samples is extraordinary high. Simultaneously, this article provides significant reference values for the preparation and quality control of related new drugs.

Abstract: The defoaming agent of silicone oil emulsion containing hydrophobic SiO₂ particles was prepared. The effect of different diameters of SiO₂ particles and amount of SiO₂ particles in the emulsion on the defoaming performance was studied, and the mechanism of defoaming was analyzed. The experimental results showed that when the amount of hydrophobic SiO₂ particles in the emulsion was 1%, the emulsion had good defoaming performance; The emulsion containing nanometer sized SiO₂ particles showed better defoaming performance than that of the emulsion containing micrometer sized SiO₂ particles.

Abstract: The oxides adsorbent of NiO-ZnO/-Al₂O₃-SiO₂ was prepared by co-precipitation method. SEM, XRD and BET studies were performed to understand the structural properties of the adsorbent. And the adsorbent can be used for the desulfurization of thiophene in n-hexane as model gasoline. Removal rate of thiophene increased with increasing reaction time. Removal rate of thiophene in equilibrium decreases with increasing the initial concentration of thiophene. The extent of adsorption in adsorbent increased with increasing the initial concentration of thiophene. The removal rate of thiophene increases with increasing reaction temperature, it showed that the desulfurization is a chemical process not a physical process.