Applied Mechanics and Materials Vol. 692

Abstract: Analysis on the concentrations of Pb, Cu in the roots, stems, leaves of phragmites australis which grows on Lingang New City of Shanghai showed that both of Pb, Cu in roots were higher concentrations than that in stems and leaves; the absorption of Pb,Cu had obvious seasonal variation; in winter, the enrichment of Pb, Cu in phranmites autralis was occurred and the enrichment ability of Pb was higher than Cu,

Abstract: This paper mainly summarized the theoretical, methodology and practical development of river ecosystem health assessment. And analyzed the priorities and major issues we are facing. Combined with post-project environmental appraisal (PPEA) which is now increasingly be used. At last recommendations for PPEA in dam and reservoir projects was proposed.

Abstract: To clarify the influence of air pollutants emitted from East Asia on the ozone air quality in Taiwan, this study performs a long-term simulation result for 4 months using Taiwan Air Quality Model. Influence from the current (2007) and future (2020) East Asian emissions on the ozone concentration in Taiwan were simulated. The date ranges simulated were February, May, August, and October of 2007, representing the seasons of winter, spring, summer, and autumn. Influence from transboundary transport on Taiwan was assessed based on simulations of these 4 months. The influence of transboundary transport on the monthly average of daily peak ozone concentrations in Taiwan is 15.5 ppb. Worst case scenarios in 2020 will contribute an additional 3.7 ppb. If the size of ozone pollution area (≧120 ppb) is considered, transboundary transport contributed to 72 % of the polluted area in 2007; the ozone pollution area in the worst case scenario in 2020 will further increase by 47 % from 2007 levels.

Abstract: With the rapid development of society especially the industry, water pollution has become more and more serious caused by all types of wastewater. In this paper, the design and implementation of a water quality monitoring system framework based on wireless sensor network for water quality monitoring has been achieved. And then, by merging and matching environmental data and spatial data, more intensive multi-source water quality parameters and information can be obtained to act as meaningful supplementation of fixed water quality monitoring stations. The research of this paper is conductive to the transition of water quality monitoring from static ways to dynamic ways and from data-based empirical model to sensor network-based quantitative model. The realization of water quality monitoring system framework based on wireless sensor network for water quality monitoring is helpful to make current water quality monitoring more timely, dynamic, integrated and intelligent, which represents the prosperous trend of water quality monitoring.

Abstract: Environment has become one of the major issues of society, and how to use existing resources to serve in the community is a major development in future issues. The new building is not only to protect human health and enhance comfort; use logically and effectively energy and resources, reduce pollution and is one of methods to make environment get out of crisis. In this paper, in order to reduce pollution emissions of building, developing the new eco-building, look forward to the rational application of resources, namely the construction method of straw to straw as raw materials of modular housing. This paper introduced in details about the benefits of house and the trends of housing development in the future.

Abstract: Taking Castanopsis fargesii and Castanopsis carlesii as test objects, which were both important dominant specises of evergreen broadleaved forest in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, we made gaps (57m²) in Pinus massoniana forest in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, and studied the effect of adding and removing litter under two forest conditions (gaps and under-canopy) on the seed germination and seedling growth of Castanopsis fargesii and Castanopsis carlesii, moreover, analyzed the death causes of seeds. The results showed as follows. 1) In the forest gap, Castanopsis carlesii seeds covered with litter and that without litter both had significantly higher germination rate than that under forest canopy. Castanopsis fargesii seeds covered with litter in the gap showed higher germination rate as well, but the seeds covered without litter showed lower rate compared with that under forest canopy. 2) In the forest gap, Castanopsis fargesii and Castanopsis carlesii seedlings (including adding litter treatment and removing litter treatment) both demonstrated lower survival rate and plant height than that in the forest. 3) In the forest gap, the germination rate of Castanopsis fargesii and Castanopsis carlesii seeds that covered without litter were respectively 60.22% and 45.06% higher than that of the seeds covered with litter, and so were the plant height, which were respectively 33.76% and 19.51% higher than that of the seeds covered with litter. Under forest canopy, the germination rate of Castanopsis fargesii and Castanopsis carlesii seeds covered without litter were respectively 82.11% and 53.70% higher than that of the seeds covered with litter, however, the plant height of Castanopsis fargesii and Castanopsis Carlesii covered with litter were respectively 28.79% and 59.78% higher than that of seeds covered without litter. Under this two forest conditions, the main reason that caused the death of Castanopsis fargesii and Castanopsis Carlesii seeds after adding or removing litter was the decay of the seeds. Accordingly, making forest gaps and adding appropriate amounts of litter to cover on Castanopsis fargesii and Castanopsis Carlesii seeds were beneficial to the germination of these seeds, but litter would affected the survival and growth of the seedlings. Therefore, after seeds germinated, the litter over the seeds should be removed timely to improve the survival and growth of seedlings and promote the artificial regeneration of Castanopsis fargesii and Castanopsis Carlesii.

Abstract: Organochlorine pesticides have had a wide and long history of applications in many countries around the world, which cause serious environmental problems. Constructed wetlands are considered an effective means of removal of organochlorine pesticides. This study describes the constructed wetland and applications of organochlorine pesticides contamination in constructed wetlands, and focuses on purification for organochlorine pesticides of microorganisms and plants in constructed wetlands. Then discussed constructed wetlands removal influence factors of organochlorine pesticides. And put forward some recommendations in research.

Abstract: Eight aquatic plant species commonly found in northern China were studied on their removal ability and enrichment ability of nitrogen and phosphor in root, stems and leaf through the pot experiments. The result shows that when the concentration of TP and TN in entering water is ranged from 0.29 to 0.46mg/L and 4.69 to 4.74mg/L respectively, Lythrum salicaria, Iris pseudacorus and Typha angustifolia have the higher removal rate of TP, which increased by 18.61%, 17.8% and 16.44%, respectively, compared with the blank; Typha orientalis Presl, Phragmites australis and T. angustifolia have the higher removal rate of TN, which increased by 21.10%, 21.81%, 21.64%, respectively, compared with the blank. L.salicaria has the best removal ability of TP, the removal rate of TP in root,stem and leaf arrived at 3.57%, 2.13% and 3.34% compared with control. T.orientalis Presl has the best removal ability of TN. Among the test plant species, L.salicaria, T.orientalis Presl and T.angustifolia are the best one for the water purification in Ashi River basin.

Abstract: When waste water is discharged into a shallow-broad river, pollutants cannot be mixed uniformly in the lateral direction, and only the 2D water quality model can be used to calculate pollutant concentration. In this paper, based on the 2D theoretical solution, a formula for the calculation of assimilative capacity for shallow-broad river is proposed.