Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 725-726

Abstract: A notion ‘passive solar building design’ has been arisen so far. In fact, it means heat flows management using architectural shaping. Architectural shaping is based on logic of heat flows generation and movement. Nowadays, an architectural form has no direct relation to a structure as close as it used to be before. Ways and means of energy supply step forward and become a significant forming factor.It has been analyzed herein how solar energy as an environmental factor affects architectural shaping and design.

Abstract: Existing European energy efficiency standards impose high requirements on yearly consumption of heat energy in buildings and on heat-protective qualities of cladding. One of the options of energy efficient buildings is the “passive house” with low energy consumption. As shown in this article, designs of “passive houses” have not always considered the requirements for preventing condensation in the cladding. Humidity conditions of the cladding of the “passive house” in the city Niš have been analyzed. It was found that for designing a heating system in the outer wall, with a specified outdoor air temperature, formation of condensation exists. To eliminate condensation we conceived vapor barrier layer technology from the inner surface of outer wall. Humidity conditions in the assembly of the vapor barrier layer have been calculated

Abstract: Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD, 2010/31/EU) requires Member States to introduce minimum energy performance requirements for buildings, and set these requirements based on a cost-optimal methodology. This methodology introduces the prerequisite to consider the global lifetime costs of buildings to shape their future energy performance requirements. Methodology predicts that, beside the investment costs, the operational, maintenance, disposal and energy saving costs of buildings should be taken into account.This paper discusses the use methodology related to nearly Zero-Energy Buildings (nZEB) requirements.

Abstract: Simulation-based building performance allows detailed assessment of energy consumption in buildings. This paper presents an energy simulation via HB method of an office building model and outlines the significance and influence of design, construction and HVAC system on the energy consumption. The research was conducted through HB dynamic simulation method which allows flexibility of the thermal model and variability of elements and HVAC system properties, resulting in an energy simulation to outline the major criteria in qualitative enhancement. The findings indicate the influence of each factor on the total energy consumption regarding to the comfort maintenance of users.

Abstract: Energy-efficient construction has been developing only since recent times; however, the field of its application is surprising. Why is it so First, there is the continuous increase of carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere. In such case, there is an urgent necessity to reduce the volume of fuel consumed as a whole. Second, energy recourses become expensive due to decreasing of renewable energy sources. Consequently, energy savings become a global question. One of the areas to reduce energy consumption is housing, which consumes approximately 30 to 40% of all energy resources. Presently, there are countries that have lower intakes of energy for heating buildings already and they are entering the near future with technology of the construction of buildings with zero energy consumption. The object of this work is to design a demonstration model of a building with energy consumption close to zero. The current article describes activities that reduce energy consumption of the building by selecting the rational architectural planning and three-dimensional solution.

Abstract: The self-sufficiency in the energy field of Latvia is only 35,9 % therefore it is important to think about more efficient and local energy production to provide energy safety whilst reducing the dependence on external factors. [11,12] The current legislation is not favourable for micro CHP unit implementation due to high requirements for electricity sales, however on-site consumption is an option. A good example is Carnikavas Darznieks Ltd micro CHP project, which helped the company to reduce gas consumption of 608 450 m³ and CO₂ emissions of 1680 tons per annum. The awareness in Latvia is high due to the experience with CHP plants and there is an interest from foreign companies. With the right application, micro CHP is perspective new technology in Latvia.

Abstract: Nowadays the problem of greenhouse gases emission going in the Earth's atmosphere is closely connected with greenhouse effect development. Natural sources of the gases are the main reason of that. They are exactly hydroelectric reservoirs of hydroelectric power plants because the process of methane and carbon dioxide emission moved by the decomposition of the bottom organic substances is still not learned at all. Our main goal is to simulate this process in the laboratory for conducting further experiments at the hydroelectric reservoirs. The floating gas box method is the key point of all the experiment. It allows us to calculate the concentration of the gases emitted in the above-water part of the gas box and determine what kind of equipment we should take to measure the same parameter of the gases at the the hydroelectric reservoirs. If the experiment at the the hydroelectric reservoir goes right and the laboratory results correspond to the original results it will be possible to use the data for other hydroelectric reservoirs with some corrections and specify the information about total greenhouse gases emission in the atmosphere.

Abstract: This paper presents the results of experiments and calculations of the energy expenses in tandem system reformer - fuel cell on hydrogenous fuel derived from biogas. Possibility of electricity generation based on complex use of organic and hydrogenous fuel at creation of objects of distributive systems of power supply will approach energy sources to the consumer, having increased energy-economic indicators and efficiency of fuel use. A promising direction in the creation of autonomous power supply systems in low-rise residential development is the use of fuel cells running on hydrogenous fuel derived from biogas Expenses of hydrogen fuel to operate the power installation with a predetermined capacity comparable with the required amount of hydrogen obtained by electrolysis. The calculated value of the efficiency of the system reformer - fuel cell, based on data on the required quantity of biogas and methane, as well as numerical characteristics of workflows fuel system, equal to 38.4%, confirms the relatively high efficiency of the use of hydrogenous fuel for the tasks of autonomous power supply. Usage of relatively low-cost hydrogen-containing fuel obtained from biogas from local secondary renewable resources will contribute to the creation of autonomous economic systems of power supply.

Abstract: One of the new educational technologies that have proven of their effectiveness is the e-Learning. In many countries e-learning covers all levels of education and is widely used not only in universities but also in high school and in the organization of corporate (postgraduate) training. The article discusses the use of distance learning system Moodle for training of specialists in the field of civil engineering.

Abstract: Nowdays step by step all companies are moving to BIM technology. It forms one of the main demands of the labour market, influencing the principles of specialist`s preparation in the construction industry higher education institutions. Knowledge of the latest BIM systems is the main. The leader among programs in field of industrial and civil construction is Autodesk Revit. The aim of this work is an overview of Autodesk Revit and evidence of the importance of Autodesk Revit in the training of professionals in the building industry on the example of students` works.