Advanced Materials Research Vols. 1010-1012

Abstract: Laboratory experiments were conducted to the super-cooling point (SCP) for Aleurodicus dispersus Russell. The results showed that the SCP of A. dispersus was varied in different seasons. The SCP of eggs was-23.21°C in spring, which was lowest than others. The SCP of male adult was-11.10°C in winter, which was highest. For individuals, the lowest SCP was 1th instar nymph, the highest was male adults. The sequence of SCP from low to high is eggs <the 1st instar nymph <2nd instar <3rd instar <4th instar <adults. The SCP of eggs and 1st instar nymph were lowest in every season, which lower than adults significantly (P<0.01). The results revealed stronger cold hardiness in egg stages than adults.

Abstract: Anthocyanin mainly responsible for flowers color in many plant species, it also accumulated in response to lots of environmental stress to reduce the damage to plant cell. Anthocyanin synthesis (ANS) protein is an important synthetase participated in anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway. In this study, we isolated the PsANS gene from transcriptome database built by our previous study. The PsANS gene contain an 1050bp open reading frame encoding 349 amino acid, phylogenetic analysis revealed that PsANS was segrated into a group with ANS from others plant species. Secondary and thri-dimension structure prediction also revealed that it may have similar function with ANS in others plant species. The identified PsANS gene would be helpful for further research in flower color modification and resistance breeding.

Abstract: Heat shock proteins (Hsp) were usually regarded as chaperones and play important role in plant stress tolerance. The expression of Hsps would be inducted when plant encounter lots of environmental stressors. Lactuca sativa was an important leaf vegetable in the world, but thermol stress seriously restricted its production. In this study, we isolated the Hsp70 members from Lactuca sativa database, a total of 5 Hsp70 members with completed open reading frame (ORF) were selected and further analysized. Results showed that the 5 LsHsp70 members were closely to Hsp70s in Arabidopsis, which indicated that the identified Hsp70 may responsible for thermotolerance in Lactuca sativa. The 5 new Hsp70s would be used as candidated genes for improving the tolerance trait of Lactuca sativa and others plants.

Abstract: Indication function of Guangdong indigenous tree species to different climatic factors (mean annual temperature, rainfall and sunshine hours) was confirmed with indicator species analysis. The results showed that the climatic factors had significant influence on the distribution of indigenous tree species in the following order: mean annual temperature>mean annual sunshine hours>mean annual rainfall. Actinodaphne lecomtei, etc. were indicator species for north of Lianshan (≤19°C). Liquidambar acalycin, etc, were indicator species for Northern Guangdong's mountainous areas (≤1400 h). Adinandra megaphylla was indicator species for Yangjiang coastal regions (>2200 mm). This research provided scientific basis for indigenous broadleaves tree species selection in regional forestation.

Abstract: Organic carbon of forest ecosystems is an essential part of the global organic carbon, which plays a dominate role in forest soil organic carbon research. It was estimated that the forest soil organic carbon density, carbon storage and its abundance index of 11 cities in Jiangxi province according to soil survey data for the second time and forest resources survey data in Jiangxi province during 11th five-year plan. Results showed that organic carbon storage of forest soil in 0-20cm and 0-100cm in Jiangxi province was 401.04×10⁶t and 1025.73×10⁶t respectively, in which yellow soil organic carbon density was higher than that of the red soil. Soil organic carbon storage in forest ecosystems was consistent in 0-20cm and 0-100cm of forest soil in eleven cities of Jiangxi province, among them Ganzhou was the highest in R_a20 while Yichun was the lowest one. In addition, it was inconsistent in the abundance index trend of forest soil organic carbon storages, Shangrao was the highest in R_a20, Yichun was the highest in R_a100, while Nanchang was the lowest one both in R_a20 and R_a100. It was the inverse relationship between total GDP and forest soil organic carbon storage..

Abstract: Phoebe hui is a precious timber tree species. In order to get excellent seedlings and stands with good genes and develop Phoebe hui better, it is necessary to select superior trees. The dominant trees comparative method and small sample plot method were used to evaluate and select Phoebe hui superior trees in Longshan county, Hunan province, and the evaluation factors included diameter at breast height (DBH), tree height, timber volume and other quality factors. The results showed that, using the dominant trees comparative method, the DBH, tree height and timber volume values of the superior tree were more than 1.12, 1.06 and 1.23 times of the mean values of 5 dominant trees respectively, and 6 superior trees were selected in two stands. Using small sample plot method, the DBH, tree height and timber volume of the superior tree were more than the mean value and 1 times standard deviation value of the stand, and 4 trees were selected as superior tree. These 2 methods can be used for superior tree selection of Phoebe hui in Hunan, and the dominant trees comparative method is more simple and easier for operation.

Abstract: Through the variance/mean ratio index, the patchiness index, the Morisita index, the intensity index and the crowded mean index, the studied results present that:1) the variance/mean ratio index, the patchiness index and the Morisita index of the 17 plant populations are significantly greater than 1 suggesting a typical clumped type;2) the average of crowded mean index is between 14.4 and 488.95, of which 5 are greater than 100 occupying 29.41 %, 4 are greater than 50 occupying 23.53 %, and the intensity index of all ranges from 0.21 to 3.59, and is significantly less than 8. Of all, 11 are greater than 0 and less than 1, occupying 64.71 %. The aggregation degree of the spatial patterns is generally high and is significantly different among varied populations.

Abstract: Quantitative data are essential in characterizing vegetation. Considerable attention has been paid to vegetation sampling techniques. A series of methods have been developed for tree density estimation which utilize spacing distances instead of fixed-area quadrats. In this paper, a new plotless sampling method was proposed which we denominated a triangle method. With the new method and a conventional distance method (point-centred quarter method), we investigated Larix principis-rupprechtii population in larch forests at Xiaolongmen Forest Station of Donglingshan Mountain, Beijing. Compared the two methods with quadrat method, not only the accuracy, but also the precision of the new method are better than the old one. The results indicate that the new method is adequate to estimate tree density and easy to use in wood engineering and forest survey work.

Abstract: Physical and chemical properties were measured to study quality of 4 strawberry cultivars, which were fruit weight, firmness, crude protein, juice yield, total anthocyanin, total phenols, total sugar, titratable acid, total soluble solid, pH, water content, electrical conductivity, surface color (L, a, b). The result showed that 15 properties had significantly difference between 4 strawberry cultivars, the variance of these 15 properties ranged from 0.36% to 29.68%. The correlation analysis showed that 15 properties had 5 couple properties significantly correlation (p<0.05), fruit weight and crude protein, juice yield and titratable acid, total anthocyanin and total phenols, titratable acid and surface color a, electrical conductivity and surface color b. The correlation of other properties were not significantly in this study.

Abstract: With in-depth knowledge of pesticide contamination, toxicity and mechanisms of toxicity studies of pesticides on algae growing. Toxicity of pesticides to algae is destruction of algal biofilm structure and function, effect of algae photosynthesis, respiration, also effects of algal physiological and biochemical components. Different growing influence of different types of pesticides on Scenedesmus obliquus, the impact of pesticides with different components of Scenedesmus obliquus will be different. This paper reviews the growth and impact of the toxic effects of pesticides on the ramp mechanism Scencdesmus.