Advanced Materials Research Vol. 1020

Abstract: Housing estates thus have been and will continue to be a long-term part of the housing the Czech Republic. Research addresses the artistic and architectural level of regeneration of prefabricated-panel buildings in the past twenty year, shows how the form of reconstructed facades has developed and illustrates the use of the building facade in the context of the environment in which the residential building is located.

Abstract: The article covers the problems of the shaping of the environment as well as living conditions in urban areas. Social needs, which are changing in time, make it necessary to adapt urban development to contemporary functional requirements. Such actions are particularly difficult in downtown areas where the interference concerns well located and preserved architectural and urban complexes. Directing attention to the areas of strict center of Czestochowa is not accidental. It is a city of importance to Polish history. It also belongs to the culture-creating sites for the nation. From so well preserved urban complexes there are required solutions arising from the uniqueness of the place and the role it fulfills – in this case: the city of pilgrimage, an academic center and a tourist destination. The search for strategy and tactics of quality raising of the downtown areas should cover both the urban context and historical and contemporary background of the city. The paper presents examples of attempts to acquire urban space in reference to the main urban assumption of the city of Czestochowa.

Abstract: One of the characteristic features of Armenian architecture is a logical, sustained process of development for thousands of years. In the past two centuries in a national architecture is a trend of active influence of the international styles, which, together with socio-economic, cultural, industrial and construction and design innovations contribute to changes in all areas of architectural and construction activities. At the same time the spectrum of traditional concepts based on regional factors are crystallized, including climate, landscape, building stone, functional and aesthetic priorities. The important role is played individual creative activity of galaxy of talented artists.

Abstract: Within the last 20 years due to the collapse of the Soviet Union, the declaration of independence of the Republic of Armenia, the establishment of new economic relations as well as the absence of centralized state means, an unregulated and undesirable process of construction has come into being. These changes made the gap between the reality and the present documents of urban planning projects, legislative documentations and socioeconomic relations even deeper. In the current social-political situation it has become a necessity to define the main trends of the development of the city of Yerevan and the reformation of its center. Moreover, these trends should correspond to the existing legal and economic fields, which in its turn will lead to the formation of new public centers. At present we have very few samples of historical and cultural heritage that witness about our urban past. There also exist some historically treasured areas that are subject to reconstruction. The aim of urban planning, in general, is to turn the public formation contents into an artistic image. This presupposes the planning and objectification of the environment characteristic to the given public formation. It is very important to find the standards which can help to organize areas in Yerevan, the capital of Armenia, along the abovementioned lines.

Abstract: Open-air museums often referred to as unique and diverse heritage sites with a vast potential for innovation in interpretation and revenue generation. In Armenia this potential remained largely unfulfilled. Most archaeological sites in Armenia are in vast demand to be taken care of. Operated either by a level of government or by a large heritage organization open-air museums can be explored for generating additional income on-site in order to maintain appropriate standards of historical integrity and community value. The following opportunities may be used: as sites for movie sets or conference centers; providing accommodation, facility rentals and summer educational function, camp activities; benefit concerts; in case of business approach there may be cooperation with the local business involving it in the process of operation of restaurants, shops of souvenirs and their production. Commercial tours can also be considered as a means to improve economical perspective for open-air museums.

Abstract: We have a general idea about the form of a historical centre and usually we consider it as a clearly defined part of a growing city. Especially in Europe this idea is explicit and authentic. However, there are also world ́s metropolises where urban and architectonic structure is beyond the understanding of European cities. It is essential to talk about the ways of perceiving urban agglomerations.

Abstract: A building can be a piece of art on the same level as pictures. This notion is argued by many scholars, yet a building designed in a way that can both satisfy practical needs and cause aesthetical pleasure is equal to a painting. The actual situation of the architectural culture, its incongruities and the quantity of architectural production which increases day by day, leads us according to Manfredo Tafuri in his book Theory and History of Architecture, to be facing an unconscious effort. This effort on one hand dictates the death of Architecture and on the other hand the discovery of a new dimension and conception of the architectural application in real life. As referred by Umberto Eco there must be a dialog between the subject and the object. Tourism could give a push into the maintenance of architecture quality, and preserving of architectonic historical zones. So what is the purpose of the tourism realm in the 21st century

Abstract: This work concentrates in its first part on the situation on the field of the social housing policy of the European Union. Subsequently, it collects and processes information about history and current state of the subsidized housing in Austrian capital Vienna, including its social, political and economic aspects. Viennese model, as a well-functioning system, is recommended as an example for the development of housing policy in the Czech Republic, especially in the city of Brno.

Abstract: In Armenia there are determined new tendencies for interior design in particular public areas. Here in the article we would like to emphasize on post soviet time national values declaim or dramatically extravagant contemporary solutions in the architecture, based on as called modern but out-of-taste restaurants, trading houses and especially luxury houses designed interior where modern and comfort environmental atmosphere is just adjusted for nowadays life. After all this tendency created a new way in architecture, where it could be seen different periods comprehensions expressed in the same area and possibility to create an atmosphere of new architectural historical environment where it is possible to detach modern and antique styles as well as create contrast in the harmony.

Abstract: The truss above the nave and presbytery was managed to date to the year 1409d and is one of the few well-preserved medieval structures in this region. This truss has a rafter structure with collar tie and lengthwise binding of the Central frame. At the time of the truss creation the geometry had an important significance, as evidenced by its position in the system of education, since it was a part of seven liberal arts. The part of seven liberal arts was Music and Musica Humana (the theory of proportions) as well, based mainly on Pythagorean theory of proportions. In the Middle Ages geometry substituted complicated static calculations by using the mutual geometric and harmonic spatial connections. The result of our research is the geometric analysis with logical dependencies and a description of a process in the truss design, pointing to evaluative relations came out from especially the Pythagorean Geometry. The typical main roof truss was analyzed and a central longitudinal frame truss as well. Our results point to the use of one of musical ratios: harmonic and irrational proportion. On the basis of the mutual interdependence of the transverse links and central geometrical frame stool we can determine the sequence of key points and reciprocal relationships. Key points create important intersections, which determine the location of the various elements and their mutual carpentry joints. The result is the knowledge of a geometric procedure of a static scheme medieval truss dependent on knowledge of harmonies and ratios.