Advanced Materials Research Vol. 1089

Abstract: In this paper, TiC powders have been prepared under vacuum condition using titanium dioxide powders and charcoal powders as raw materials. The impacts of temperature and holding time on TiC were studied. The results show as follows: the products will absorb lots of heat and transform into titanium oxide with lower valence with the increasing of holding time at the same temperature and at last be converted into titanium carbide. At a higher temperature, the time of the product transforms into single-phase titanium carbide is shorter.

Abstract: TiC powders have been prepared with titanium dioxide and charcoal powders as raw materials by vacuum carbothermal reduction technique. Meanwhile the as-prepared TiC powders were characterized by acid corrosion resistance test and oxidizability test. The results show as follows: the acid corrosion resistance of titanium carbide powders prepared at the optimum experiment conditions is better than that of industrial powders. It hardly dissolves in HCl, H₂SO₄, HNO₃, HF, HClO₄ and aqua regia, and slightly dissolves in mixed solution HF+HNO₃. The TiC powders are gradually oxidized at 352°C~917°C at air atmosphere and the product may be titanium dioxide and titanium oxides with lower valence. When the temperature rises to 546°C, a large quantity of titanium carbide powders are oxidized. And when the temperature rises to 688°C, besides the titanium carbide powders are oxidized to release heat, the free carbon is also oxidized and transformed into CO₂ gas to escape.

Abstract: Taking ‘HuaGuan’ Rape as material, studied the effect of 1-methylcylopropene treatments on postharvest quality of rape stored under 0 °C. The results indicated that during the storage 1-MCP treatment could inhibit the ethylene production, delay the ethylene peak and the color of rape changed from green to yellow, keep the weight, maintain the good appearance quality of rape.

Abstract: In order to maintain better quality of peach during cold storage and to extend the storage time, effects of different dose of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treated of fresh kiwifruit on quality were investigated and the physiochemical attributes were subsequently evaluated during 60 days storage at 0 °C. Results showed that 1-MCP treatment had a high effect on inhibiting the respiratory rate, total soluble solid decrease and maintaining titratable acid content during the end of the storage compared with the non-treated control.Moreover, 1.0 μL/L 1-MCP showed the best effect on maintaining the quality and extending storage life.

Abstract: In this study, the new technological parameters have been optimized for running Single factor experiment and orthogonal design test. Furthermore, the optimal extractible condition of SOD activity from Alfalfa was determined by the assay of NBT photoreduction method. The results reveal that when the ratio of liquor to material is 1 to 10; pH value of phosphate buffer solution is 7.5; ultrasonic power is 400 w, therefore, the SOD activity of Alfalfa is up to 66.54 U/mL. In addition, we characterized the activity analysis of Alfalfa proteins using heat denaturation, ammonium sulfate precipitation and ultraviolet spectroscop. The results showed that the protein removal rate is approximate 91.70 % and SOD specific activity is 6.5 times. Based on the above results, we reached a preliminary estimate that the SOD from Alfalfa is a kind of Cu/Zn-SOD.

Abstract: In order to study the influence of muscle structural changes on the special brittleness mechanism of crisp grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus C.et V, CGC) during different crisping process of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus, GC), samples were periodically acquired and then prepared for light and transmission electron microscopy during the whole process. For GC and CGC, all muscle tissues had typical features, whereas there were much more interstitial tissues and narrower intermyofibrillar spaces in CGC than those in GC. Meanwhile, the muscle fibers diameter, intermyofibrillar space and myofibrils to endomysium detachment lengths of GC were significantly decreased with increasing duration of crisping time. While the muscle fibers density and sarcomere lengths were significantly greater in CGC than in GC. In view of the structural and ultra-structural differences in these samples, it was conceivable to suggest that short muscle fiber diameter, high fiber density, narrow intermyofibrillar spaces and wide lengths of sarcomere were the main causes of increased muscle brittleness.

Abstract: The pure PBS material has been taken irradiation cross-linking modification in order to improve the melt strength of PBS. The mechanical properties, sanitation performance and biodegradable properties of the modified PBS were investigated. The results showed that the modified PBS has fine hygiene performance. The mechanical property increased, but it reduced rapidly after put into the specific soil. The weight loss rate of PBS reached 50.86% after degradation in humus for 56 days.

Abstract: The microstructure, hydrophobicity and chemical composition of the butterfly and locust wing surfaces were investigated by a scanning electron microscope (SEM), a contact angle meter and a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR). The hydrophobicity models were established on the basis of the Cassie equation. The wetting mechanism was comparatively discussed from the perspective of biological coupling. The butterfly and the locust wing surfaces are composed of naturally hydrophobic materials, but exhibit different complex wettability. The butterfly wing surface is of low adhesion (sliding angle 1~3°) and superhydrophobicity (contact angle 151.6~156.9°), while the locust wing surface is of extremely high adhesion (sliding angle>180°) and superhydrophobicity (contact angle 155.8~157.3°). The complex wettability of the wing surfaces ascribes to the coupling effect of hydrophobic material and rough structure. The butterfly and locust wings can be used as bio-templates for design and preparation of biomimetic functional surface, intelligent interfacial material and no-loss microfluidic transport channels.

Abstract: In the present study, Li-B-H films contained LiBH₄ and Li₂B₁₂H₁₂ were fabricated under different hydrogen pressures (20, 70 Pa) at ambient temperature by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The corrosion behaviors of the films were studied over a time of 1-24 h in the air at ambient temperature. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to analyze the formed oxidation film. The results indicated that an oxidation film with obvious cracks and holes were formed, which was composed by Li₂B₄O₇ and Li₂CO₃. The films were mainly reacted with H₂O and CO₂, so the oxidation of Li-B-H could be prevented by avoiding exposed to air.

Abstract: The complex wettability, chemical composition and microstructure of locust wing surface were investigated by a video-based contact angle (CA) meter, a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). A model for hydrophobicity of wing surface was established on the basis of Cassie equation. The wetting mechanism was discussed from the perspective of biological coupling. The wing surface is a waxy layer composed mainly of long chain hydrocarbon, tallate and fatty-acid alcohol, possesses multiple-dimensional rough microstructures including primary structure (wing vein grids), secondary structure (regularly arraying micrometric pillar gibbosities), and tertiary structure (nanocorrugations). The diameter, height, and spacing of pillar gibbosity are 3.0~10.2 μm, 3.4~9.2 μm, and 7.5~18.5 μm, respectively. Locust wing surface is of high adhesive superhydrophobicity (CA 150.1~157.3°). The complex wettability of the wing surface ascribes to coupling effect of material element (waxy crystal) and structural element (hierarchical rough microstructure). Locust wing can be potentially used as a biomimetic template for design of special functional surface. This work may bring insights for preparation of micro-controllable superhydrophobic surface and no-loss microfluidic channels.