Advanced Materials Research Vols. 287-290

Abstract: This paper proposes applying the method of high weft density to realize the embossment effect of jacquard trademarks. The forming principle of the embossment effect that is realized by using the method of high weft density is elaborated mainly in terms of weave design and weaving technology. The method of high weft density which is different from traditional methods enriches the design means of trademarks which have obvious embossment visual effect.

Abstract: Biodegradable polymer has been widely used in surgical suture, dressing, artificial bone and other bone-related applications. However, when compared with the human cortical bone, the pure polymer obviously did not have enough strength. The present study aimed to give preliminary insights from a pilot study of designing a scaffold of polylactic acid ply yarns composited with stainless steel (SS) braids. To evaluate the fabrication processes and alkali effects on the individual materials, the different heating temperature and alkali treating time and alkali concentration were applied to clarify the changes in mechanical strength. The experimental results showed that the strength was not significant declined with alkali and heating treatments. The retained mechanical strength was kept at 100-120 MPa and ultimately led to bone-like mechanical properties.

Abstract: Noise pollution has become a kind of serious environmental pollution problems. It not only makes people feel fatigue but also affects their concentration and work efficiency. People’s health and work efficiency could be promoted by improving and reducing the noise pollution problem. In this research, the recycled polyester (PET) fibers, polypropylene (PP) fiber and flame-retardant-hollow-crimp 7D PET fiber with a ratio of 2:1:7, 2:2:6, 2:3:5, 2:4:4, and 2:5:3 were fabricated and then needle-punched, creating the PET/PP/PET fabric. Next, a layer of recycled PP selvage and a layer of fabric were laminated in turn on the base fabric before needle-punching with a certain punching-depth, which was repeated until the 10-layer PET/PP/PET nonwoven composite was completed. Finally, the resulting PET/PP/PET nonwoven composite was measured with its physical properties and sound absorption ability.

Abstract: In recent years, the scientific progress has improved human life quality and changes the concepts of heath and heath care. It has been approved that the bamboo charcoal has various functions, including air cleaning, water purification, deodorization, far infrared radiation rate and anion amount. The bamboo charcoal fiber and bamboo charcoal yarn are applied extensively in the textile industry. In this study, PET fiber was used as warp, and PET fiber, bamboo charcoal nylon fiber and stainless steel fiber employed as weft to weave three groups of warp knitted fabric. The variation of far infrared radiation rate, anion amount concentration, air permeability, water absorption, flexibility of these three groups of fabric were examined. The results indicate that the far infrared radiation rate of these three groups of fabric attained 0.8. The anion amount concentration of bamboo charcoal and bamboo charcoal / stainless steel warp knitted fabrics has reached 490-495. Finally, the air permeability of bamboo charcoal / stainless steel warp knitted fabrics achieved 281 cm³/s/cm².

Abstract: Many biodegradable synthetic polymers have been used as tissue-engineered scaffolds. The major problem of these polymers to be used in bone tissue engineering is their poor mechanical strength. It is well known that we can deposit hydroxyapatite, a material with strong osteoconductivity, onto a surface using electrochemical methods. These polymers, again, lack electrical conductivity so that deposition of hydroxyapatite onto these polymers is very challenging, if not impossible. Here we presented a novel scaffold for bone tissue engineering based on textile technology. First, we fabricated 316L stainless steel/poly(lactic acid) composite ply yarn by wrapping stainless steel wires and poly(lactic acid) yarn together. A 16-spindle braiding machine was then used to braid the composite yarn layer by layer into a 3-dimensional scaffold for bone tissue engineering. Furthermore, due to the electrical conductivity of 316L stainless steel wires in the composite yarn, we employed an electrochemical method to induce hydroxyapatite deposition on the braid. SEM was used to evaluate the growth of hydroxyapatite formation on the braid.

Abstract: Ecological environment deteriorates drastically and rapidly, which can be ascribed to the fast advancement of international economy and technique. Hence, people become green consumers, using green products. The series of lyocell fiber, called as recycled fiber, has been pervasively used. This study used Tencel^® fiber, Polylactic Acid (PLA) fiber and high absorbent fiber as well as nonwoven manufacturing, creating Tencel^®/PLA/HAF composite nonwoven fabrics. Among the manufacturing parameters, an increase in Tencel^® fiber ratio, needle-punching density and basis weight all contributed to heighten the mechanical properties of nonwoven fabrics. In particular, the Tencel^®/PLA/HAF composite nonwoven fabric exhibited an optimum tensile strength of 68.8 N and bursting strength of 193.7 N when Tencel^® fiber ratio was over 80 wt%, basis weight was 200 g/m² and needle-punching density was 300 needle/cm².

Abstract: The rapid advances in technology have driven people for seeking ways to improve the quality of their living environment. While excessive noise is more likely to affect people physically and psychologically such as tiredness, dulling of the senses, lack of concentration, and reduction in work efficiency, etc, therefore, noise suppression has become an important research issue. In this research, 7 D polyester staple fiber and 4 D low melting point fiber have been used to fabricate the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fabric through the process of opening, blending, carding lining, lapping, and needle-punching. Meanwhile, the contents of low-melting point polyester fiber are varied as 10 wt%, 20 wt%, 30 wt%, 40 wt% and 50 wt% in PET fabric. The physical properties of PET fabrics are then evaluated after hot pressing process. Experimental results show that 50 wt% low-melting point polyester fiber is the best choice for PET fabric. Further, the techniques of lamination and multiple needle-punching are employed to make the PET/PP composite sound-absorbing board. A layer of polypropylene (PP) nonwoven selvages is placed between two layers of PET fabrics in the process of lamination. The PET/PP fibers casted into a mold are then put into a hot-air circulation oven around 170 °C for 10 minutes. Afterwards, the evaluation of PET/PP composite sound-absorbing board on sound absorption, flame resistance, thermal insulation, and relative mechanical properties is properly conducted.

Abstract: The electrospun polysulfone(PSF) fiber mat was treated by ammonia sulfate solution with different concentrations, temperature and time. The morphology structure, hydrophilicity and mechanical properties of treated samples were studied by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), dataphysics OCA contact angle system and instron 3365 mechanical testing machine. The results showed that the hydrophilicity of electrospun PSF fiber mat can be wetted completely, while the average breaking stress and breaking strain decreased from 6.19±0.67Mpa and 146.17±32.22 to 4.17±0.79Mpa and 50.9±20.1% respectively, and there was errosion appeared in the fibers to some degrees, as the concentration of (NH₄)₂S₂O₈ solution was 3wt%, the heating temperature 90°C, and heating time 20min, which can be regarded as the optimum process conditions.

Abstract: Near-infrared (NIR) prediction model of ramie pectin content was established in this research. Wet chemical analysis method which was based on Chinese national standard was conducted for getting calibration data, and NIR data of 60 ramie samples were collected using acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) near-infrared spectrometer. The NIR model of pectin of ramie were derived by partial least square (PLS) regression. Prediction of chemical composition of independent ramie samples showed that R/SEP values of pectin is 17.87. Such NIR calibration model can be utilized by ramie fiber manufacturers and breeding workers, in order to better manage the degumming process and evaluate the quality of ramie varieties.

Abstract: Cotton fabrics is treated for bacterial repellency and crease resistance with different kinds of chitosans. Through the study and test of the main processing parameters of chrysalis chitosan, the optimized finishing parameters are obtained. Then the anti-bacterial and crease-resist mechanism of chitosan as well as the washing resistance of finished fabrics is measured and analyzed.