Thiacalix[4]Arenetetrasulfonate Applied to Remediation of Soils Contaminated with Lead

Abstract:

The performance of thiacalix[4]arenetetrasulfonate (TCAS) for the treatment of soils contaminated with lead was evaluated in this study. Batch experiments were performed to test the factors influencing remediation of lead-polluted soil. The effects of temperature, solid-liquid ratio and the ionic strength on the removal capacities of lead by TCAS reagent had been studied. The results showed that the TCAS reagent was effective for removal of lead from the contaminated soil, the optimum temperature of TCAS for soil treatment was 5°C-25°C. The optimum solid-liquid ratio was 1:10 for soil treatment. Adding Ca(NO₃)2 was of no advantage for lead removal, and the effect of Ca(NO₃)2 on the removl rate was less when its molarity was less than 0.01mol/L. This experimental work has also demonstrated the great importance of soil matrix for the evaluation of the TCAS leaching as a cost effective remedial option.

• Periodical: Advanced Materials Research (Volumes 343-344)
• Pages: 374-377
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.343-344.374
• Online since: September 2011
• Authors: Da Zhao, Tie Heng Sun, Xiao Jun Hu, Xiao Min Hu
• Keywords: Heavy Metal, Lead, Soil Contamination, Soil Remediation, TCAS

References

[1] N. Papassiopi, S. Tambouris, A. Kontopoulos. Removal of heavy metals from calcareous contaminated soils by EDTA leaching. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 109: 1–15, (1999).

DOI: 10.1023/a:1005089515217

[2] V.J. Inglezakis, M.D. Loizidou, H.P. Grigoropoulou, Ion exchange of Pb2+, Cu2+, Fe3+, and Cr3+ on natural clinoptilolite: selectivity determination and influence of acidity on metal uptake, J. Colloid Interface Sci., vol. 26, pp.49-54, (2003).

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9797(02)00244-8

[3] Abumaizar R, Khan L I, 1996. Laboratory investigation of heavy metal removal by soil washing. J. Journal of the Air and Waste Management Association, 46: 765-768.

DOI: 10.1080/10473289.1996.10467512

[4] N. Iki, T. Horiuchi, H. Oka, K. Koyama, N. Morohashi, C. Kabuto, and S. Miyano, Energy transfer luminescence of Tb3+ ion complexed with calix.

[4] arenetetrasulfonate and the thia and sulfonyl analogue. The effect of bridging groups, J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 2, pp.2219-2225, (2001).

[5] Wasay S A, Barrington S F, Tokunaga S, 2001. Organic acids for the in situ remediation of soils polluted by heavy metals: soil flushing in column. J. Water Air and Soil Pollution, 127: 301-314.

DOI: 10.1023/a:1005251915165

[6] Bourg A C M, 1995. Speciation of heavy metals and implications for their mobility, heavy metal. M. Berlin: Springer. 19-32.

[7] Abumaizar R J, Smith E H. Heavy metal contaminants removal by soilwashing. J. Hazard. Mater. 1999, 70: 71～86.

[8] Reed B. E, Carriere P C, Moore R. Flushing of a Pb(Ⅱ) contaminated soil using HCl, EDTA, and CaCl2. J. Envir on. Engin, 1996, 122: 48～50.

DOI: 10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(1996)122:1(48)

[9] Qin F, Shan X Q, Wei B, 2004. Effect of low-molecular-weight organic acids and residue time on desorption of Cu, Cd and Pb from soils. J. Chemosphere, 57: 253-263.

DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.06.010