A Soil Sampling Method Based on Field Measurements, Remote Sensing Images and Kriging Technique

Abstract:

How to determine a representative and economical soil sampling method that combines soil properties with advanced technologies has been an unsolved issue in soil related studies. This paper proposes a new method for soil sampling based on some measured salinity data and remote sensing images, as well as analysis of spatial distributions of soil properties in Lubotan land reclamation area in Shaanxi, China. The results showed that with the available data sets of 33 points, up to 101 unknown points can be estimated, and further interpolation of 343 points displayed spatial distribution of soil salinity in the study area, the coefficients of determination (R2) for the predicted soil salinity were 0.817, respectively. A further Kriging analysis for top soil salinity distribution in the study area showed that soil salinity has a medium degree of autocorrelation and low variability. The study in this paper may help understand the effect of soil reclamation efforts and local water management practice.

• Periodical: Advanced Materials Research (Volumes 383-390)
• Pages: 5350-5356
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.383-390.5350
• Online since: November 2011
• Authors: Quan Quan, Bing Shen
• Keywords: Kriging, Remote Sensing, Salinity, Spatial Variability

References

[1] J. Lothian and A. Conacher, Managing secondary salinity of rivers in south-western australia: an evaluation of the water resource recovery catchment approach, Land Degradation & Development, Vol. 16, 2005, pp.189-200.

DOI: 10.1002/ldr.651

[2] F. Ghassemi, A. Jackeman J., and Nix H. A., Salinization of land and water resources: Human causes, extent, management and case studies, CAB International, Wallingford Oxon, U. K, (1995).

[3] A. Mahmoud Abdelfattah and A. Shabbir Shahid, Soil salinity mapping model developed using RS and GIS - ACase study from Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, European Journal of Scientific Research, 3rd ed., Vol. 26, 2009, pp.342-351.

[4] R. S. Dwivedi and B. R. M. Rao, The selection of the best possible Landsat TM band combination for delineating salt-affected soils, Int. Journal of Remote Sensing, 11th ed., Vol. 13, 1992, p.2051-(2058).

DOI: 10.1080/01431169208904252

[5] B. R. M. Rao, R. S. Dwivedi, et al. Mapping the Magnitude of Sodicity in Part of the Indo-Gangetic Plain of Uttar Pradesh, Northern India Using Landsat-TM Data, International Journal of Remote Sensing, 3rd ed., Vol. 12, 1991, pp.419-425.

DOI: 10.1080/01431169108929662

[6] B. Spies, and P. Woodgate, Salinity mapping in the Australian context., Technical Rep., Land and Water, Australia, (2004).

[7] Ahmed A. Eldeiry, Luis A. Garcia, et al. Soil Salinity Sampling Strategy Using Spatial Modeling Techniques, Remote Sensing, and Field Data, Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 6th ed. Vol. 134, 2008, pp.768-776.

DOI: 10.1061/(asce)0733-9437(2008)134:6(768)

[8] Isaaks E. H. and Srivastava R. M., An introduction to applied geostatistics, Oxford University Press, New York, 1989, pp.249-266, 278-322.

[9] A. B. McBratney, and R. Webster, How many observations are needed for regional estimation of soil properties? , Soil Sci, 1983, pp.135-3, 177-183.

DOI: 10.1097/00010694-198303000-00007

[10] H. J Di. B. B. Trangmar and R. A Kemp. Use of geostatistics in designing sampling strategies for soil survey, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 4th ed., Vol. 53, 1989, pp.1163-1167.

DOI: 10.2136/sssaj1989.03615995005300040028x

[11] C. K. Chung, S. K. Chong and E. C. Varsa, Sampling strategies for fertility on a Stoy silt loam soil, Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal., Vol. 26, Issue 5&6, 1995, p.741–763.

DOI: 10.1080/00103629509369332

[12] B. Kozar, R. Lawrence and D.S. Long , Soil Phosphorus and Potassium Mapping Using a Spatial Correlation Model Incorporating Terrain Slope Gradient, Precision Agriculture, 4th ed. Vol. 3, 2002, p.407–417.

[13] J. C. Han and J. C. Xie, Research and practice for harmonious ecosystem of Lubotan saline land in Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Science and Technology Press, China, (2008).

[14] A.D. Cliff and J. K. Ord, Spatial processes, models and applications, Pion Ltd., London, 1981, p.21–45.

[15] M. P. Miller, M. J. Singer, D. R. Nielsen. Spatial variability of wheat yield and soil properties on complex hills,. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 1988, 52, 1547-1553.

DOI: 10.2136/sssaj1988.03615995005200040045x