Advanced Materials Research Vols. 396-398

Abstract: An algorithm of independent component analysis from blind source separation domain is used and a Δλ-model strong-noise immunity is proposed in this work. The test results showed that maximal extraction error is respectively 0.28% and 3.7% under a SNR of 1/886 and an excellent agreementbetween the numerical simulation and the actual detection value is found, and the detection limit of test sample is improved from 16 ppb with the model based on common linear equations to 2 ppb using the proposed model.

Abstract: A new process for treating a Co-Ni residue of zinc metallurgy to produce zinc powder and recover cobalt in ammonia and ammonium sulfate(AAS) solutions was proposed. In this process, the baked Co-Ni residue was leached in AAS solutions. The leached solution was purified to remove the impurities by adding zinc powder and to separate Zn and Co from Cu, and Zn from Co and Cd. Under the optimal technical parameters, the metal leaching rate was 91.18 Zn, 96.98 Cu, 99.38 Cd and 89.35 Co in wt% respectively. The high cobalt-residue bearing 3.79wt% cobalt that of 8.4 times the raw Co-Ni residue can be used as a raw material for extracting cobalt or cobalt-salt. An active zinc powder could be obtained by using electrolysis from zinc purification solution, and current efficiency of the electrolysis is more than 88.19%. It’s a practical technology for treating waste-residue in zinc hydrometallurgy and will be a feasible process to recover valuable metals.

Abstract: The total alkaloids (TAE) were obtained from the fruits of Evodia rutaecarpa (Juss.) Benth. The antioxidant activities of TAE towards the inhibitory effect on 2, 2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical, total antioxidant capacity, and inhibition on lipid peroxidation were investigated. TAE was found that the total antioxidant capacity and inhibitory lipid peroxidation are superior to synthetic antioxidant 2, 6-di-ter-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT), but scavenging activity on DPPH radical is lower than that of BHT at the same condition.

Abstract: The thermodynamics properties of synthesize reactions of Ph3SnR (R= N (C4H4), N(C8H6), C6H5) and CpM(CO)2CY(M=Cr, Mn; Y=S, Se), the total energy and Mulliken atomic charges of the compound products M(CO)2CY-Ph3XR(M=Cr, Mn; X=Sn, Ge; Y=S, Se; R= N(C4H4), N(C8H6), C6H5) with different substitute positions on the benzene ring were investigated using DFT method. The calculation results of total energy showed that the ligand was determinant of the favourable substituted position and the central metal of two different type ligands CpCr(CO)2CY(Y=S, Se) and CpMn(CO)2 CY(Y=S, Se) was the key factor; whether the reactants Ph3SnR( R= N(C4H4), N(C8H6)) and Ph3SnR( R= C6H5) had the pyrrole or not had effect on the character of substituted position. The Mulliken atomic charges of central metal Sn and Ge showed that the atom charge value of Sn and Ge of M(CO)2CY-Ph4X was smaller than M(CO)2CY-Ph3XN (C4H4) and M(CO)2CY-Ph3XN(C8H6) (M=Cr, Mn; X=Sn, Ge; Y=S, Se) correspondingly; electron-donating trend of Ph3GeR group was stronger than that of Ph3SnR group; the pyrrole group had some conjugation effects which made the electronic distribute more even. The calculation results of thermodynamics properties of the synthesize reactions of Ph3SnR(R=N(C4H4), N(C8H6), C6H5) and CpCr(CO)CS showed that the reaction possibility was small at the general condition; ligand CpMn(CO)2CY(Y=S, Se) was more favorable to the reaction than CpCr(CO)2CY(Y=S, Se); different substituted positions would have effect on the reaction possibility apparently. Decreasing temperature would be favorable to the possibility of the reactions, but increasing temperature might be favourable to the rate of reactions.

Abstract: After a chemical vessel suffering a rupture, BLEVE, fireball, jet fire, and dispersion of toxic substance may be the most common failure ways. Which give rise to a great threat to people’s life, process plants and surrounding environment. This paper presents an overview of the mechanism and the consequences for these failures; finally, ALOHA software simulation resorted to evaluating the consequences for all kinds of hazard, a vertical tank with the size of diameter=10, tank length=20m, containing the propane liquid/gas mixture with a volume of 1571 cubic meters, the mass of the chemical is calculated by the software automatically with a value of 554 tons. All the possible failures have been simulated by the ALOHA software, including：1) leaking tank, chemical is not burning as in escapes into the atmosphere; 2) leaking tank, chemical is burning as a jet fire; and 3) BLEVE, tank explodes and chemical burns in a fireball. Furthermore, there are three types hazard available to analyze the situation that chemical is not burning as it escapes into the atmosphere, they are: a) toxic area of vapor cloud; b) flammable area of vapor cloud; and c) blast area of vapor cloud explosion. The result reveals that the farthest threat zone reaches 2.2km in the case of a fireball triggered by a BLEVE, and the result has been viewed and discussed in details.

Abstract: This article discussed exhaust gas temperature field above the open end of catalytic monoliths of lean natural gas-air mixtures in burner VIII. The burner VIII need to be ignited by gas phase combustion with the excessive air coefficient (α) at 1.3. After it reached the steady state of catalyst, the exhaust gas temperature field was measured by thermocouple K of diameter 0.5. It was shown that the temperature gradient changed according to the different position in the large space above the open end of catalytic monoliths. The finding would be applied for heating equipments.

Abstract: ABSTRACT: Cation adsorbent was prepared from the Solidago Canadensis（which are abandoned agricultural land of alien invasive plants）by Sulfuric acid esterification modified , isoamyl alcohol as reaction medium. Design L934 orthogonal experiment, the Solidago canadensis cation exchange adsorbent, the optimal preparation conditions. Experimental results show that at 15°C, concentrated sulfuric acid and amyl alcohol volume ratio of 5:6 obtained under conditions of Solidago canadensis cation exchange adsorbent for Pb(II) exchange best. The experimental results of Pb(II) adsorption onto the Solidago Canadensis based cation adsorbent showed that the best conditions are: the initial pH 5, the concentration of Pb(II) 300mg/L，the dosage of cation adsorbent 1.2mg/L and adsorption time 3h. The adsorption data were analyzed by using pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models were found to follow the pseudo-second-order kinetic model.

Abstract: Both water decoction method and ultrasonic-assisted method were used to compare the extraction efficiency during the extraction of flavonoids from honeysuckle leaves. Three dynamic models were adopted in study of the extraction dynamics. The results show that the ultrasonic wave strengthening can improve the extraction efficiency of flavonoids comparing water decoction method in the experimental conditions. The ultrasonic wave strengthening extraction dynamic equation agrees with , while the water decoction method extraction dynamic equation agrees with .

Abstract: The properties of recycled fine aggregate(RFA) from waste recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) were determined. In this study, five series of parental concrete mixtures using natural coarse and fine aggregates were prepared, which had the same target slump value from 35mm to 50mm and different compressive strengths ranging from 25MPa to 60 MPa. These concretes were used as recycled aggregates to prepare RACs with a compressive target strength of 30MPa. After that, these RACs were used as secondly recycled aggregates to produce RACs with the same compressive target strength of 30MPa. The physical properties of RFAs including apparent density, compacted bulk density and water absorption were tested. At the same time, fineness modulus of natural fine aggregates and RAFs were calculated and their mineral compositions were analyzed. The results showed that RAFs from waste RACs were not adequate to structural concrete alone because they belonged to coarse tape and their mineral compositions were adverse to the best growth of strength of RACs.

Abstract: In this paper, HPLC-ESI-MS technique was used to analyze the methanol extract of the seed of Vaccaria segetalis (Necr.) Gracke, known as Wang-Bu-Liu-Xing in traditional Chinese medicine. By the studies of MS and MS/MS spectra and the comparison with reference compounds, five main constituents were identified, including hypaphorine, vaccarin, isosaporarin, isovitexin 2''-O-arabinoside and vaccarin H.