Mechanism and Effect of Electrochemical Modification on Physicochemical Soft Rock

Abstract:

Two mechanisms about electrochemical modification of clay minerals are summarized: one of electroosmotic dewatering and stabilization and the other of cation substitutions, structures and properties change, forming new minerals. The analyses of physicochemical soft rock (PCSR) indicate that physicochemical property of PCSR is dominated by physicochemical property of clay minerals. Therefore, it is possible to indurate PCSR in the coal-mine soft rock roadway with the electrochemical method.

• Periodical: Advanced Materials Research (Volumes 415-417)
• Pages: 2275-2280
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.415-417.2275
• Online since: December 2011
• Authors: Jian Sheng Li, Dong Wang, Guan Xian Kang, Tian He Kang
• Keywords: Electrochemistry, Modified Mechanism, Physicochemical Soft Rock

References

[1] G.F. Li, 〝Research on Applied Control Technology of Soft Rock Tunnel (Laneway), 〞Journal of Xuzhou Institute of Technology, vol. 20, Jan. 2005, pp.43-49.

[2] F.T. Madsen and V.M. MAX, 〝The Swelling Behaviour of Clays, 〞Applied Clay Science, vol. 4, Apr. 1989, pp.143-156.

[3] A.N. Alshawabkh, T. C. Sheahan, and X. Wu, 〝Coupling of Electrochemical and Mechanics Processes in Soils under DC Fields, 〞Mechanics of Materials, vol. 36, Jun. 2004. pp.513-517.

DOI: 10.1016/s0167-6636(03)00071-1

[4] J.H. Harton, S. Hamid, and E.A. Chedid, 〝Effect of Electrochemical Treatment on Selected Physical Properties of a Clayey Silt, 〞Engineering Geology, vol. 2, Jun. 1967, pp.191-196.

DOI: 10.1016/0013-7952(67)90018-x

[5] L.U. Adamson, 〝Application of Electrokinetic Phenomena in : Dewatering, Consolidation and Stabilization of Soils and Weak Rocks in Civil and Petroleum Engineering, and Augmenting Reservoir Energy During Petroleum Production, 〞 PhD Thesis, University of Southern California, United States, (1966).

[6] J. Schlocker and D.H. Gray, 〝Electrochemical Alteration of Clay SoiIs, 〞of Clay and Clay Minerals, Vol. 17, Apr. 1969, pp.309-322.

DOI: 10.1346/ccmn.1969.0170508

[7] H. Sun, 〝Mechanism and Theory Study of Flowing in Porous Media under the Eelectric Field, 〞MSD Thesis, Xian Petroleum Institute, China, (2000).

[8] Q. Xu, 〝Deformation Mechanism of Surrounding Rock of Swelling Soft RockRoadway and Aapplication, 〞MSD Thesis, Xian University of Science & Technology, China, (2007).

[9] J.M. Huyghe, F.P.T. Baaijens, and J.V. Meetveld. 〝Analytical Solution of Compression, Free Swelling and Electrical Loading of Saturated Charged Porous Media, 〞Transport in Porous Media. Vol. 50, Feb 2003, pp.111-126.

DOI: 10.1023/a:1020641329225

[10] Y. Amirat and V. Shelukhin, 〝Electroosmosis Law Via Homogenization of Electrolyte Flow Equations in Porous Media, 〞Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, Vol. 342, Feb2008. pp.1227-1245.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jmaa.2007.12.075

[11] S. X. Li, 〝Experimental Studies of Electrokinetic Phenomena in Brine—saturated Porous Materials, 〞PhD Thesis, University of Massachusetts Amherst: United States, (1996).

[12] L.G. Adamson D.W. Quigley, and H.R. Ainsworth, "Electrochemical Strengthening of Clayey Sandy Soils, 〞Engineering Geology. Vol. 1, Dec l966, pp.451-459.

DOI: 10.1016/0013-7952(66)90021-4

[13] B. Iorne, F. Perrier, and J.P. Avorac, "Properties of the Electrical Double Layer from Crushed Rock Samples, 〞Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. l 04, Aug. l 999, pp. l7857-17877.

[14] V.C. Schifano, " Electrical Treatment of Clays, 〞PhD Thesis. University of Illinois at Urbana. Champaign. united States. (2001).

[15] L.A. Pozdnyakova, "Electrical Properties of Soils, 〞PhD Thesis, University of Wyoming, United States, 1 999.

[16] M. Li, L.H. Zhang and S.D. Wang, " Factors Affecting Electroosmotic Drainage of Backfill Soil, 〞Geotechnical Engineering Teclmique, Vol. 21, Jan. 2007, pp.4-10.

[17] V. Berkutov, N. Vlokh, and A. Sashurin, " Investigation of the State of Stress of Rock in Situ with the Aid of Electrical Simulation, 〞Journal of Mining Science, Vol. 7, Feb l971, p.207—211.

DOI: 10.1007/bf02502824

[18] S. Jayasekera and S. Hall, "Modification of the Properties of Salt Affected Soils Using Electrochemical Treatments, 〞Geotechnical and Geological Engineerin9, Vol. 25, Jan. 2007, pp l—l0.

DOI: 10.1007/s10706-006-0001-8

[19] F. Baraud,S. TeUier, and M. Astruc, "Ion Velocity in Soil Solution During Electrokinetic Remediation, 〞Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol. 56, Mar. l997, pp.3-15—332.

DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3894(97)00073-3

[20] L.G. Adamson, I.I. Rieke, and R.R. Grey, "Electrochemical Treatment of Highly Shrinking Soils, 〞Engineering Geology, Vol. 2, Mar. 1967, pp. l97-203.

DOI: 10.1016/0013-7952(67)90019-1

[21] L.G. Adamson G.V. Chilingar, and C.M. Beeson, "Electrokinetic Dewatering, Consolidation and Stabilization of Soils, 〞Engineering Geology, Vol. l, Apr. l966, pp.291-304.

DOI: 10.1016/0013-7952(66)90011-1

[22] M.Y. Trushinskii, "Electrochemical Soil Stabilization Method, 〞Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Vol. 30, Feb l993, pp.61-65.

DOI: 10.1007/bf01782910

[23] H.W. Song, "Preliminary Study on Improving Properties of Soft Rock with Electrochemical Metho, 〞Journal of China University of Mining &Technology, Vol. 27, Mar. 1998, pp.239-242.

[24] R.G. Chilingar G.V. EI-Nassir, and A. Stevens, " Effect of Direct Electrical Current on Permeability of Sandstone Cores, 〞Journal of Petroleum Technology, Vol. 22, Au9. 1970, p.830—836.

DOI: 10.2118/2332-pa

[25] M.A. Aggour, H.A. Tchelepi, and H.Y. Al—Yousef, "Effect of Electroosmosis on Relative Permeabilities of Sandstones, 〞Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, Vol. 11, Feb. 1994, p.91—102.

DOI: 10.1016/0920-4105(94)90031-0

[26] M.A. Aggour and A.M. Muhammadain, "Investigation of Waterflooding under the Effect of Electrical Potential Gradient, 〞Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, Vol. 7, Mar l992, pp.319-327.

DOI: 10.1016/0920-4105(92)90027-x

[27] L. Jouniaux, M.L. Bernard, and J.P. Pozzi, " Eleclrokinetic in Rocks: Laboratory Measurements in Sandstone and Volcanic Samples, 〞Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Part A: Solid Earth and Geodesy, Vol. 25, Au9. 2000, pp.329-332.

DOI: 10.1016/s1464-1895(00)00053-3