Advanced Materials Research Vols. 463-464

Abstract: In current study, Sarem, CNGA, Peng-Robinson, AGA8-92DC, BWRS state equations have been researched by analyzing the basic form and developing the numerical methods of compressibility factor. An attempt has been made to develop corresponding computer programs to calculate compressibility factor with these five state equations. The computed results have been compared with Standing-Katz chart. The results show the similar trends and good agreements

Abstract: The activities in field of renewable energy in Iran are focused on scientific and research aspect. And research part is aimed at reduction of capital required for exploitation of related resources. The second step is to work research results into scientific dimension of this field for practical means, i.e. establishing electricity power plants. Due to recent advancements in wind energy, many inventors in the country have become interested in investing in this type of energy. At the moment, projects assuming 130 MW of wind power plants are underway. Of which, 25 MW is operational. The project of Iran's renewable energy aims to accelerate the sustainable development of wind energy through investment and removal of barriers. This preparatory project is funded by the Global Environment Facility (GEF) and will provide for a number of international and national consultant missions and studies. Once the studies are concluded, a project to develop 25MW of wind energy in the Manjil region of Gilan (N-Iran) will be prepared. It will be consistent with the national development framework and objectives and form part of 100MW of wind-powered energy, Which is expected to be developed under the government's third 5-year national development plan. (started 21 march 2000)

Abstract: The system with a zero characteristic root has had a more detailed discussion on global structure and the existing conditions of limit cycle. Through discussing the nature of the high-order singular point with two zero characteristic root of five order system , we will get the global structure of the system.

Abstract: Radon concentration in the campus is important for the assessment the pollution level for the people. In this paper, the radon concentration inside the campus, such as in the dormitory, classroom and library were carefully analyzed with the continuous radon analyzer (Sun Nuclear 1027, USA). The results showed all the values were all in safe scope. In the dormitory, the maximum of the concentration of radon was 44.4 Bq/M³, with the minimum value of 33.3 Bq/M³. While in the library, the radon values in the library air were between the 44.4 Bq/M³ and 51.8 Bq/M³. And in the classroom, the results were between the18.5 Bq/M³ and 37.0 Bq/M³ , which were mostly around the 20s value and the average value was 25.6 Bq/M³.

Abstract: Coastal cities in China show their strong economic competitiveness in the economic development of China and they have become one of the regions where the economy grows dynamically. Contaminated area near the coastal cities is expanding and the marine environment has been damaged seriously. The frequency of marine disasters is increasing and the marine disaster has obstructed the development of the coastal cities. The disasters appeared from the development of the industry, agriculture and fisheries of the coastal cities directly and indirectly from the planning of the government without consultation and cooperation. The confusion of property affiliation leads to the diversification of property ownership and the resources can not be used and protected efficiently. This paper lists the problems that caused by the rapid development of the coastal cities. Finally the suggestions are proposed to improve this situation, which are significant for the policies in socio-economic development, resource utilization and environmental protection.

Abstract: Energy saving has drawn more and more attention of the world due to the pressure of the environment and society. Metallurgy is one of the biggest energy consumption industries, accounting for about 16% of the total industry, basically the same ratio as the emission of CO₂ and other pollutants. About 70% of total energy for steel production is consumed in iron-making process with the same ratio of CO₂ discharged, so it has a great significance to achieve energy saving and low CO₂ emission in iron-making process. The new iron-making technologies with energy saving and low CO₂ emission such as oxygen blast furnace, ITmk3, application of waste plastics and biomass in iron-making, were introduced in the present work. Particularly, the latest research progress, merit and demerit were compared, and the contribution of the different technologies to low CO2 emission and the energy saving were analyzed.

Abstract: The existing problems of production logistics system of corrugated box are pointed out. The theory of SLP (Systematic Layout Planning) within facility planning and logistics analysis is employed to optimize the facility layout, production logistics system and working procedures. After analyzes the processes and its parameters of corrugated box, logistics amount is computed, and from-to table is obtained and logistics intensity is counted. And then job units relationship, non logistics factors, and comprehensive relationship for job units etc. are studied. Finally the workshop layout of corrugated box is designed. Moreover, the optimal solution is evaluated by using weighted checklist approach. Application of the new solution shows that the working procedures of corrugated box become more reasonable, and the workshop attains the logistics smooth, so the production efficiency of corrugated box is enhanced, and its production cost is lowered.

Abstract: Photocatalytic degradation of waste pollutants using TiO₂ is a promising technology. Recently, the use of bentonite for the removal of organic pollutants was widely studied because of large specific surface areas. Studies have shown that TiO₂ supported on bentonite, or TiO₂/bentonite composite, exhibits bifunctionality of adsorption and photo catalysis in synergism. This paperpresents a literature review of the preparation and modification techniques of bentonite/TiO₂ composite photocatalyst, and their characteristics. The review will also focus on the current researches on the degradation of water organic pollutants by using bentonite/TiO₂ composite photocatalyst and its key influencing factors.

Abstract: Sea background radiation is influenced by solar radiation, sky background radiation and sea surface emission radiation. On the basis of studying the simple sea radiation model, analyze the influence of atmospheric transmittance and sea background radiation to infrared detector, emphasis on influence of solar, sky and sea surface emission radiation to infrared search in analyze Sea background radiation, emphasis on influence of aerosol to infrared search under troposphere in analyze atmospheric transmittance.

Abstract: Increasing in consumption of petroleum, population, environmental problems, diminishingly fossil sources and world trend to energy technology respect to environmental safety and renewable energy are some reasons for most countries to use and investigate on renewable energy. In this regard this paper presents the state of geothermal, wind and biomass energy in Iran. Results indicate that Iran has substantial geothermal potential, specifically in the Sabalan (NW-Iran) and Damavand (N-Iran) regions that are considerate prospects for electric power generation and direct uses. Due to recent advancements in wind energy, many inventors in the country have become interested in investing in this type of energy. At the moment, projects assuming 130 MW of wind power plants are underway. Of which, 25 MW is operational. Results of this study shows that the major biomass resources in Iran are agricultural solid wastes (%59), animal wastes (%28), corrupting waste materials (%11), and industrial waste waters (%2). According to statistical data, the potential biomass energy in Iran is equal to 15 million ton of crude oil which will be estimated about %13 of annual Iranian crude oil sale.