Advanced Materials Research Vols. 463-464

Abstract: Single-crystal Na_0.5Bi_0.5TiO₃ nanoflakes have been successfully synthesized at 160°C with 8M NaOH by a hydrothermal method assisted by sodium nitrate. The as-prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The presence of sodium nitrate was found to play an important role in the growth of single-crystal Na_0.5Bi_0.5TiO₃ nanoflakes.

Abstract: A novel process of BaTiO₃ manufacture was conducted by using supercritical water. Preparation of BaTiO₃ nanoparticles was investigated from decomposition of BaTiO(C₂O₄)₂•4H₂O (BTOT) with aid of supercritical water for the first time. When BTOT was exposed to supercritical water around 673 K and 30 MPa, it decomposed quickly in 5-22 seconds. The products formed strongly reply on environmental conditions. BaCO₃ and TiO₂ were always observed as the products in the absence of alkaline additives. BaTiO₃ nanoparticles with specific surface area as high as 12~14 m²/g were able to be obtained under strong alkaline conditions, such as NaOH/CO_{Subscript text}2=2/1. It was found that environment of supercritical water was better than sub-critical conditions to obtain high quality BaTiO₃ particles with fewer defects. Employment of supercritical water significantly reduced the reaction time and temperature compared to other BaTiO₃ manufacture processes utilizing BTOT as precursor.

Abstract: The aim of this research is to fabricate of TiO₂ nanotube arrays by potentiostatic anodisation process on titanium sheets. Anodisation is carried out under various applied potentials ranging from 20 to 30 volts for 1-3 hours at room temperature. Anodised were conducted in 1-4 wt% NH₄F, water-based electrolyte and ethylene glycol-based electrolyte. The morphology of the anodised surfaces were characterised by scanning electron microscopy. When titanium sheets were anodised in various conditions, surface morphology of anodised titanium change remarkably with the changing of applied voltages, chemical composition of the electrolyte and anodisation time. The results of the present work show that the highly ordered and uniformly distributed TiO₂ nanotubes on titanium substrate can be fabricated by using mixtures of NH₄F, ethylene glycol and water with appropriate conditions. Moreover, the anodisation potential and the water content play significant roles in the formation of TiO₂ nanotube with different inner tube diameters. The length of TiO₂ nanotube was controlled by anodisation time.

Abstract: The effects of boron(nitrogen/silicon)-dopant in Stone-Wales defects on electronic properties of graphene nanoribbons are investigated by using density functional theory. It is shown that the geometry structures and band structures have changed distinctly for these complex configurations. Interestingly for the dopant site 1, the distortions of boron/silicon-doping configurations are larger than that of the nitrogen-doping configurations, which affects the band structures of these configurations. The theoretical results may be valuable for the design of electronic devices.

Abstract: Due to the need to reduce electronic device sizes, it is very important to consider the depth distribution of ions implanted into a crystalline target. The mean projected ranges and range straggling for energetic 200-500 keV Er ions implanted in 6H-SiC were measured by means of Rutherford backscattering followed by spectrum analysis. The measured values are compared with Monte Carlo code (SRIM2010) calculations. It has been found that the measured values of the mean projected range R_P are good agreement with the SRIM calculated values; for the range straggling ΔR_p, the difference between the experiment data and the calculated results is much higher than that of R_p.

Abstract: TiO₂ nanotube arrays have aroused great interest because of their enormous application in areas such as gas sensor, catalysts, biological materials, and solar cells. In this report, TiO₂ nanowires/nanobelts originating from TiO2 nanotube arrays are fabricated by simple anodization of Ti foils in ethylene glycol (EG) containing 0.25wt% NH₄F. From the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) it is observed that the morphology of the special structure is influenced by anodization voltage, water content and anodization time. In these factors, small amount of water plays a very important role in making the special nanostructure. Moreover, a possible mechanism that showed a relationship between the formation of the special structure and electric field directed chemical etch is proposed.

Abstract: Information Technology innovations have strongly affected today’s businesses and the way we work. This effect involves different industries, and the healthcare industry is one of them. Various healthcare information systems have been introduced to manage and share patient records and information. However, based on the reviewed literatures, the healthcare knowledge management system does not have the same focus and attention. It is found that there is no system that is able to manage the tacit healthcare knowledge and innovation. As a result, this paper aims to introduce a theoretical framework that enables healthcare tacit knowledge management and global sharing. Digital Ecosystem is found to be the most suitable technology to achieve this aim; specifically with the wiki environment as it is most suitable for the healthcare industry requirements.

Abstract: The purpose of this article is to introduce and to present the Pneumatic Artificial Muscle (PAMs) the most used in robotics and automated applications in Europe and Asia. Many treatises discussed the mathematical and numerical modeling, especially for McKibben muscle type. Also, I am going to explain the working principles of PAMs to understand their behavior, how generate forces and translations. Modeling theoretical application made by the others will be discussed and a Finite Element Method Analyze (FEM) of a muscle designee by FESTO will be shown and also will underline the importance of computer design phase applied in robotics and automation. After that we can create a test stand for pneumatic muscle to confirm the catalog sheet and to implement them in a prostheses device power by PAMs.

Abstract: This paperexplainedthe use ofsolventnon-reactive technique with catalyst based on solution polymerization. The polymerization of Lignin as a raw material could produce a new compound as Lignin Graft Copolymer (LGC) which can be used in oilfield operation to solve fluid loss problems. In this technique, Lignin polymerize with superabsorbent polymer (SAP) using different parameters such as; heat, staring, time, and amount of catalyst. The Lignin was extracted from soda pulping process of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (OPEFB) long fibers. Lignin functional groups were characterized using Fourier TransformInfrared(FT-IR) spectroscopy.This product required further laboratory experiments to enhance its industrial applicability as a drilling fluid reducer.

Abstract: Finding the better solution of the neural network design to solve the inverse kinematics problem with the minimum of the trajectory errors is very difficult, because there are many variable parameters and many redundant solutions. The presented paper show the assisted research of the influences of some more important parameters to the final end-effector trajectory errors of the proposed neural network model solving the inverse kinematics problem. We were been studied the number of neurons in each layers, the sensitive function for the first and second layer, the magnifier coefficient of the trajectory error, the variable step of the time delay and the position of this block, the different cases of target data and the case when the hidden target data were adjusted. All obtained results were been verified by applying the proper direct kinematics virtual LabVIEW instrumentation. Finally we were obtained one optimal Sigmoid Bipolar Hyperbolic Tangent Neural Network with Time Delay and Recurrent Links (SBHTNN(TDRL)) type, what can be used to solve the inverse kinematics problem with maximum 4% of trajectory errors.