Advanced Materials Research Vol. 487

Abstract: With the sustainable construction the emphasis is placed on saving energy, reducing of consumption of natural resources, extending the life cycle of recycling, etc. One of the important groups of waste materials that can be reused are waste polymers. These materials are used in the design of thermal insulation composite material. The crucial property of materials used for thermal insulation is the coefficient of thermal conductivity. Thermal conductivity coefficients of waste polymers however do not meet the requirements. For this reason, waste polymers are within the development of thermal insulation composite material combined with filler with a low coefficient of thermal conductivity. In developing of this composite material the developers combine a method of theoretically optimized software design of blends with their production and experimental verification. Possibility of application of thermal insulation composite material can be seen especially in the structural details, in which it is necessary to eliminate the thermal bridges, but also details where the requirements are applied to the mechanical resistance and static load bearing capacity.

Abstract: The synthesis of a disaccharide containing a thiol-terminated aglycon and a mannose monosaccharide unit was completed.

Abstract: Diffusion annealing experiments in Al-Ni cold rolled strip was conducted in nitrogen protection. The characterization of diffusion layers between pure Al and pure Ni metals has been analyzed. The analysis results show that the diffusion layers would be composed of solid-solution of Al in Ni marked as Ni (Al), Ni3Al and Ni5Al3 compounds. During diffusion processing, the diffusion speed of Al to Ni was faster than that of Ni to Al. This implied a possibility to form chemical connection of Al-Ni by solid-solution without intermetallic compounds formation to obtain good mechanical and electric properties through optimizing annealing temperature and holding time.

Abstract: LiMnPO₄ cathode material for lithium ion batteries was synthesized by high temperature solid-phase method using MnCO₃, Li₂CO₃, NH₄H₂PO₄ as raw materials. The structure of samples was identified by XRD analysis and the particle surface morphology was examined by SEM. The results of XRD showed that the LiMnPO₄ sample sintered at 700°C for 20h had single ordered olivine structure. The SEM pattern showed that spherical particles distributed uniformly. Respectively, it figured out that the initial charge and discharge capacities of the samples at 0.05C rate were 133.9 and 66.4mAh•g^-1.

Abstract: we give the analytic solution of Ono-Kondo equation based on lattice theory to describe the supercritical high-pressure hydrogen adsorption inside cylindric pores of adsorbents, and predict adsorption isotherms for hydrogen on A and X type zeolite at 77K. It is shown that the model reflects the peculiar features in adsorption isotherms of supercritical hydrogen in particular, a maximum in the adsorption with increasing pressure) .The results from prediction are compared with the experimental data. It shows that the model can elucidate the peculiar features in adsorption isotherms of supercritical hydrogen which are fundamentally different from those of standard (IUPAC) classification, and the results from the equation also qualitatively reflect the experimental results.

Abstract: This paper examines a method for the simultaneous detection of 12 different dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) residues in vegetables. A qualitative and quantitative determination of PCB residues in vegetables was undertaken by a combination of high-speed freezing centrifugation, solid phase extraction, purification, concentration, and GC- MS and GC-ECD. From this combination of methods, 12 different PCBs were detected in vegetables over a linear concentration range of 0.001 to 2 µ g/L (ppb), with detection limits ranging from 0.4ppb to 0.5 ppb, a linear correlation coefficient of 0.99, recoveries ranging from 96.25%-117.5%, and a relative standard deviation ≤ 21%(RSD) .

Abstract: In this paper, two kinds of stamps (squares (a×a)) separated by spacing b, the values of a and b were varied from 2.5 µm to 50 µm), i.e. positive and negative stamps, were prepared. The stamps inked with the rhodamine-labeled bovine serum albumin (BSA) were then microcontacted with the aldehyde-functionalized titanium surfaces. Water contact angle and X-ray photoelectron spectrum (XPS) indicated that BSA can be covalently immobilized on aldehyde modified titanium surface by microcontact printing. The experimental results of CLSM showed that the patterns with resolution from 2.5 µm to 50 µm were obtained successfully. Both positive stamp and negative stamp were deformed when the value of a was less than or equal to 5 µm, which resulted in replication errors. Furthermore, the larger spacing (50 µm) resulted in stamp collapse when the value a of the positive stamp was less than or equal to 10 µm, leading to whole fluorescence on substrates.

Abstract: The ball-milling LiMnPO₄ powders for lithium-ion batteries were synthesized by high temperature solid-phase method. The effects of ball-milling on the microstructure and electrochemical performance of LiMnPO₄ cathode material were investigated. The XRD patterns showed that the LiMnPO₄ sample with ball milling 20h had single ordered olivine structure. The SEM images revealed that spherical particles distributed uniformly. The LiMnPO₄ powders, of which the initial charge and discharge capacities at 0.05C rate were 133.9 and 66.4mAh•g^-1 at 0.05C rate were prepared at 700°C for 20h with ball milling 20h.

Abstract: In this study, bamboo pulp is utilized as the main raw material for the production of compression-molded, fiber-based decorative wallboard panels which have three-dimensional geometric structure and possess environmentally compatible “green” flame retardant properties. The effectiveness of several flame retarding agents, including the Al(OH)3 single component system, the Al(OH)3/Mg(OH)2 mixed system and the Al(OH)3/Mg(OH)2/Zinc Borate mixed system are examined in terms of the resulting flame resistance, physical properties and oxygen indexes of the fiber-based decorative wallboard. The results show that the Al(OH)3/Mg(OH)2/Zinc Borate multicomponent mixed system is the most ideal flame retardant system for such applications. Results indicate that the optimal formulation consist of: 30% Mg(OH)2/25% Al(OH)2 /15% Zinc borate (relative mass ratio). Under such conditions, the oxygen index of the fiber decorates wallboard is 34.4, and the level of formaldehyde release reaches a value of E0.

Abstract: Commercial nitrogen-phosphorus flame retardants (KZR-2, SC-968, FR-102), which are frequently used in textile industry, were imposed on the fatliquoring processes of leather. When 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, 3%, 6%, 9%, 12﹪and 15﹪ amount of flame retardants was respectively added, their influence on the absorption rate of different fatliquoring agents (synthetic oil, fish oil, vegetable oil and lecithin) and on the flame retardant property were investigated. The absorption rate of fat-liquoring agents was measured by oven and dichloromethane methods. The fire resistance was studied by means of oxygen index, vertical combustion and smoke density. The results show that flame retardants (KZR-2, SC-968 and FR-102) can enhance the absorption rate of fat-liquoring agents in leather by more than 40%. Their ability for this enhancement can be listed as KZR-2>SC-968>FR-102. Among them, KZR-2 owns the best performance for the enhancing of absorption rate ( its influence on the oil is listed as synthetic oil>fish oil>lecithin>vegetable oil).