Advanced Materials Research Vols. 512-515

Abstract: In this paper, a model of parabolic trough solar field with single-axis tracked was developed based on detailed mathematical derivation. A software tool is also developed for its performance calculation. By the model and software, the direct solar irradiation (DNI) intercepted by the collectors and the thermal output can be obtained for a given solar field under different tracking mode. To obtain the characters of the solar field performance with different tracking modes and regions, the annual performance of the solar field is evaluated for different sites in China such as Beijing, Lhasa. Besides that, the effect of the space between collector rows on thermal output of a solar field is also discussed.

Abstract: This paper presents an efficient flexible organic solar cell with room temperarure sputtered and highly conductive nickle oxide (NiO) thin film as hole transporting layer. The strcture of this kind of devices is PET/ITO/NiO/P3HT: PCBM [regioregular of poly (3-hexylthiophene):(6,6)-phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester] /Al. On the study of characteristics of Nickle oxide thin film, such as sputtering temperature, thickness, and oxygen proportion, we found that NiO with 10 nm and sputtered at room temperature shows the best photovoltaic properties. The highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 3.26% and 2.5% were achieved on glass substrate and flexible substrate individually. The device photovoltaic properties were discussed in terms of the band diagrams and series resistance of the devices. Also the properties of nickle oxide thin film on different conditions were investigated too.

Abstract: Photovaltaic power generation in the future world energy consumption will occupy an important position, not only to partially replace conventional energy sources, and will become the main energy supply. But at present, compared with conventional energy generation, photovoltaic electricity does not have a competitive advantage. So develop a reasonable electrovalency is the key to promote the healthy development of China’s photovoltaic industry. This paper use the net present value method of financial analysis to learn the generating capacity and investment cost of PV system combined with system’s characteristics and performance, discuss the unit cost of PV power and analyzed the impact of PV electricity price factors.

Abstract: This paper presents an efficient and reliable evolutionary-based approach to solve the Optimal Planning of Photovoltaic (OPPV) system problem by considering the reliability requirement and economical performance. The shuffled frog leaping algorithm (SFLA) is a powerful approach for complex optimization problem, but its performance relies strongly on suitable model parameters. The proposed improved SFLA (ISFLA) shows explicit strategy to select proper values of parameters and improves local exploration to avoid being trapped in local optimal. Simulation results show that the ISFLA performs better compared with conventional SFLA and a simple genetic algorithm (GA).

Abstract: The Humidifying-Dehumidifying desalination unit with active heating and natural air cycling is studied in this paper. Each component is analyzed by energy balance. The instantaneous performances of unsteady heat transfer and mass transfer are calculated. Take midsummer and midwinter as represent, the air temperature in evaporator and condenser, seawater temperature in water box and water output in one day are calculated by program. The environment parameters, operating parameters affecting the output of unit are analyzed, and it's obtained that: the solar radiation intensity, atmosphere temperature are the main factors affect water output of the unit, well wind speed and the initial seawater quality in boxes hardly affect water output.

Abstract: The total area of solar collectors installed in Taiwan had exceeded 2 million square meters by the end of 2010. However, there were only 98 systems in operation with area of solar collectors installed exceeding 100 square meters from 2001 to 2010. To increase industrial awareness of solar water heating technologies, a nursery greenhouse was chosen as the case study to evaluate its thermal performance throughout the months of May 2010 to April 2011. The results showed that the solar energy collected and heat loss during the night hours would affect the thermal efficiency, economic viability and attractiveness of a SWH. This study would provide useful information for all parties related to this market, manufacturers, potential users and policy-makers.

Abstract: Microgrids are a future power system configuration providing clear economic and environmental benefits compared to the legacy power systems, as the Grid-Connected PV penetration increases, its reaction in Low Voltage (LV) microgrid has to be taken into account during relative system studies. This paper presents a mathematical model for the Grid-Connected PV, it’s developed by User Define (UD) module on Power System Analysis Software Package (PSASP), PV behavior under several typical weather and typical 1-day load curve is studied in detail, Flexible Operation Strategy to achieve the reasonable voltage level are both considered, PSASP simulation environment is used to analyze the probable operation scenarios of LV microgrid, useful conclusions are summarized at last.

Abstract: Statistical models for predicting the solar radiation have been developed. In any prediction of the solar radiation, an understanding of its characteristics is of fundamental importance. This study presents an investigation of a relationship between solar radiation and surface temperature in Perlis, Northern Malaysia for the year of 2006. To achieve this, the data are presented in daily averaged maximum and minimum surface temperature, and daily averaged solar radiation. Since the scatter plots represent the straight line, the linear regression model was selected to estimate the solar radiation. It was found that the linear correlation coefficient value is 0.7473 shows that a strong linear relationship between solar radiation and surface temperature. The analysis of variance R2 is 0.5585 that is; about 56 percent of the variability in temperature is accounted for by the straight-line fit to solar radiation. Based on the results, the fitted model is adequate to represent the estimation of solar radiation.

Abstract: In order to promote the highly energy-efficiency utilization level of solar energy demand type, this paper, based on the average radiation within the solar radiation spectrum range and application requirement analysis of quantum theory, investigated the technical bottleneck and solution on the highly energy-efficient storage and conversion of solar energy demand type. Studies showed that the key to highly energy-efficiency utilization was to synthetically promote the utilization rate of energy conversion in each solar area. It could make direct conversion and utilization of solar energy in accordance with easy-preserved type foods, electrical power, fuel and other forms of energy demand, and then conversion route of energy utilization could be cut down and energy losses in the process of transmission could be decreased. Making full use of energy of solar spectrum visible light area to increase the plant photosynthesis, or using catalysis to change the Fermi lever and minimum work function of photocell battery module stripping to strengthen the photo electricity conversion rate could further enhance the conversion rate of highly-efficiency utilization of solar energy demand type. The study was involving multi-field of knowledge, and still need to be integrated innovation with further theoretical research.

Abstract: The simulation of the output characteristics of PV array is the problem to be solved firstly of the maximum power point tracking technology simulation of PV array. At present, there are three methods of PV array mathematical model building at home and abroad, but there aren’t comparative studies of their simulation effect to PV array. This paper analyses the three methods and carries out the simulation for them by MATLAB/Simulink platform. Finally, with comparing the simulation results of them, their simulation effect are basically identical, but the first mathematical model is more simple and is more helpful for the researchers to read and analyse.