Advanced Materials Research Vols. 518-523

Abstract: As a result of rapid economic development and urbanization, water pollution and degradation of aquatic ecosystems have caused massive damage to the functions and integrity of water resources. The Hakanson potential ecological risk index method for heavy metals toxicity assessment have been used to estimate the ecological risk of Heavy Metals Pollution in Sediments of Beijiang River. The results shows that the average concentration of Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Cd, Cr, Hg in sediments is 59.72, 111.29, 218.93, 15.52, 5.70, 5.70 mg/kg, 0.32ug/kg respectively. The content of Hakanson potential ecological risk index of different heavy metals could be shown as Cd> Pb> Cu> Zn> Ni> Cr> Hg. Heavy metals in several samples of the sediments have posed a serious threat on the ecosystem.

Abstract: China will meet an increasing demand of the energy because of the growth of the economy, coal is being mined largely as the most important energy, but the mining brought in a series of construction of ecological environment problems. This paper established a comprehensive evaluation model for environmental impact of coal mining through three aspects of ecological stability, resource and environment carrying capacity, coal mining pressure with analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Based on this model, authors have evaluated the regional difference of ecological environment carrying capacity of coal mining areas in Shanxi province. The study results may be helpful to scientifically draw up the coal resources development strategy.

Abstract: Life cycle analysis method was used to establish an inventory of a winter wheat production system that employed the Soil Testing and Formulated Fertilization Program in Linqing county, China, after which the net resource conservation and emission reduction benefits were calculated, evaluated and compared to the winter wheat production system in a conventional fertilization area. The results revealed a great reduction in resource consumption and emissions of the winter wheat production system in the program demonstration area. From 2006 to 2010, the life cycle reduction potentials of eutrophication, and acidification potential per ton of winter wheat accounted for 12.09-30.31% and 1.40-4.52% of the relevant environmental impact potential per capita worldwide in 2000, respectively. The Program significantly decreased the environmental burdens of the winter wheat production system, and farmer’s fertilization behavior tended to become rational.

Abstract: In electricity production and supply system of China, thermal power continues to dominate a larger proportion. In recent years, be influenced by energy-saving emission reduction and low carbon development policy, the environmental impact issue of thermal power project aroused great attention. This study has established a comprehensive evaluation system by analyzing integrated comprehensive effects of the environment caused by thermal power project. Combining with AHP theory, entropy theory and TOPSIS evaluation ideas, the study created a set of scientific assessment model. The research has verified that the validity of the model through empirical studies. And it provided a good theoretical basis for environmental management comprehensive thermal power project.

Abstract: Rice had the largest sown area in China, so its nitrogen intensity had a significant impact on rural environment. The Surface Nitrogen Surplus and Nitrogen Productivity were defined and estimated for China’s rice production systems using statistical data collected from 1998 to 2009 at the national and provincial scale, and the temporal and spatial change of the two indicators was analyzed to evaluate the environmental performance of rice nitrogen management. The results showed that the environmental performance of rice nitrogen management in China was improved stably in the last more than ten years. The Surface Nitrogen Surplus of the indica rice in developed southern provinces is the largest, and was slightly less in the central region. However, the Surface Nitrogen Surplus of the japonica rice was much higher in North China Plain than in other dominated rice production region. The nitrogen intensity and its environmental burdens control should focus on the early and late indica rice production systems in South China and southwestern China, the medium indica rice production systems in Eastern China, and the japonica rice production system in North China.

Abstract: Over the course of study the BPNN prediction model of Xinxue River constructed wetland, model boundary was found as an important restrict factor of model accuracy. In the paper data expansion was selected to solve this problem, and the extended data was used to re-built the prediction model, results showed that the performance of model was effectively improved.

Abstract: In this paper, a comprehensive water quality assessment model for the seagoing rivers of the Jiaozhou Bay basin was established based on a BP neural network. In the situation investigation, a list of main assessment indexes was selected, comprising COD, permanganate, DO, ammonia, volatile hydroxybenzene and mineral oil. Then Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water was used as the training sample and comprehensive assessment was conducted for the rivers. In Comparison with results from the conventional single-factor assessment method, this model not only responded to the comprehensive river water quality status, but also improved the speed and effectiveness of training, saving time and increasing accuracy of the assessment model through a series of design optimizations.

Abstract: This paper reported an evaluation study of CIVITAS II measures at 12 European cities from the perspective of environmental impacts. Subsets of comparable traffic management and control measures have been created and their environmental impacts evaluated using the indicators of fuel savings and emission reductions. The environmental impacts of these traffic management measures were focused in this paper, and it is found that some of the traffic management measures have positive effect on the environment.

Abstract: Daylighting is one of the important environmental factors that its proper design not only can drastically reduce energy consumption, but also creates healthier learning environments that may result in increased attendance and improved grades. Both the quantity and the quality of daylight in building are important parameters that designer must consider. The aim of this research is to develop an extended daylighting evaluation in educational spaces of the school buildings in hot and arid region of Iran. In this paper a survey of observation, geometric determination of devices and the results of measurements of daylight levels in classrooms in "Kashan" that are coordinated by “Iran school Organization of renovation and development” typical form, are mentioned. All the research analyses have been done based on the classrooms models comparison through the computational simulations. Finally the problems were determined and comparison of results was discussed.

Abstract: In order to achieve sustainable use of Liaohe River estuarine wetland ecosystems resources, this article calculated and analysed the monetary value of service functions for Liaohe River estuarine wetland. The wetland’s monetary value of service functions equals to direct use value plus indirect use value and non-use value. Using method of map data visual interpretation and the classification of functional zones, we identified nine main functions of wetland ecosystem services, classified the wetland’s functional zones. And the monetary value is calculated based on the functional zones with map data after visual interpretation. Conclusions can be made that the ecosystem service function's monetary value of Liaohe River estuarine wetland is a large amount, increasingly awareness on scientific conservation and development of resources should be taken into account.