Advanced Materials Research Vols. 518-523

Abstract: We analyzed the relationship between the average annual temperature data of 80 meteorology stations in 2009 and, such as, the latitude and longitude, the height above sea level in GanSu. It is found that there was a good linear relationship (r²=0.908). The average annual temperatures data all over GanSu is analyzed by the method of multiple linear regression analysis, and use application of geostatistical analysis module of ArcGIS software, conducting the average annual temperatures of meteorology stations spatial interpolation. Comparing the both cases, it is the direct use of the calculation results of the regression equation and consider the space residual error. The verified result is: the method of interpolation Combined with the space residual error is more accurate, the correlation coefficient of interpolation calculating value and actual survey value is r²=0.972.The results show that the method of interpolation Combined with the space residual error can improve the accuracy of the temperature spatial interpolation.

Abstract: Remote micro-sensors and embedded microelectronic devices develops rapidly resent years due to the arisen net of things and increasing civil, medical or military applications. In order to solve the root stress concentration problem in traditional piezoelectric harvester and enhance the power harvesting efficiency, a new type of harvester with dumb-bell shape statically indeterminate bimorph is developed. Numerical results shows that the driving force is borne by both two ends and the root stress is decrease a lot with the statically indeterminate set. The dumb-bell structure not only makes sure the root strength, but also saves the space at middle whose stress is comparatively small. So the new type of energy harvester can enhance its fatigue life at the same time keep its output power at a high level.

Abstract: Based on the temperature datasets from 1961 to 2005 at 96 meteorological stations, the spatiotemporal trends of climate change were analyzed in annual and seasonal timescales, by a linear and regression model, cumulative anomaly method, Mann-Kendall test and inverse distance weighted interpolation methods, in Northeastern China. The results showed that: (1) Both annual and seasonal mean temperature showed increasing trends, the annual mean temperature have rised by 0.07°Cwith a rate of 0.38°C/decade, and the highest increasing rates of temperature occured in the winter (0.53°C/decade) and lowest one was the in the summer (0.23°C/decade). (2) The results of Mann-Kendall test on temperature showed that the annual and seasonal mean temperature significantly increased at 95% of confidence. The climate jump of annual mean temperature took place in 1987, and the climate jumps of spring, summer, autumn and winter mean temperature occurred in 1988, 1993, 1989 and 1981, respectively, and these results were confirmed by the cumulative anomaly curve. (3) The higher the latitude, the more obvious the increasing trend, especially in winter, and therefore the temperature increased in most parts of the Northeastern China.However, the increasing trends in the northern region of the Da Hinggan Moutains and Xiao Hinggan Moutains were the most obvious.

Abstract: In the study we mapped and analyzed the land use/cover changes in Zheng Lanqi county by visual interpreting the 3 sets of Landsat TM and ETM remotely sensed images received in 1990, 2000 and 2005.The 6 broad types of land use/ cover were interpreted for the study area. Through analyzing land use/cover changes, our study indicated that the grassland and built-up area is dominant landscape in the study area.The grassland in the study area shrank 588.68km2 for urbanization and farmland cultivation for first periods. The unchanged land is 10639.75km2 and 10743.18km2 for the two periods (1990-2000 and 2000-2005), respectively. This indicated that the landscape conversion in second period became stable than that of first period, and environment is improved since 2000.

Abstract: The determination method of calcium content in calcium tablet using the micro titration has introduced, and also has compared the obtaining results by the microburette and by the routine analysis. F examination and t examination are all in the appropriate scope. The relative standard de-viation is less than 0.3%. There is no obvious difference in the results.

Abstract: A rapid and effective method, the dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction(DLLME) with gas chromatography, has been developed for the extraction and determination of OCP in environmental water samples. The factors relevant to the efficiency of DLLME were investigated and optimized. Under the optimum conditions, such as 150μL of dichloromethane as extraction solvent, 1.2 mL acetone as dispersive agent, 8 minutes extraction time, and without salt addition, the linear response of this method was in the range of 0.5～5000μg L−1 (r = 0.9981), the relative standard deviation (RSD) for 500μg L−1 and 1000μg L−1 of OCP was 5.2% and 12.6% (n = 6), respectively. The detection limit (3σ) was 0.08 μg L−1. The developed method was successfully applied to the determination of trace amount of OCP in three kinds of real environmental water samples, the spiked recoveries were in the range of 87.4%～108.0%.

Abstract: A sensitive electrochemical sensor for the detection of parathion based on molecularly imprinted polymer of organic-inorganic hybrid sol-gel from PTMOS and chitosan onto glass electrode was constructed. The sensor exhibited good selectivity and sensitivity to parahtion．The procedure of forming recognition cavity and sensitivity to parathion on the imprinted electrode were demonstrated. A highly linear response to parathion in the concentration range of 3×10^-7～1×10^-4 mol/L was observed, with a detection limit of 1×10^-7 mol/L (S/N=3). Parath^{Superscript text}ion imprinted and nonimprinted polymer films were exposed to a series of closely related compounds and the sensor exhibited good selectivity and sensitivity to parathion.

Abstract: CO₂ injection processes are among the effective methods for enhanced oil recovery. A key parameter in the design of CO₂ injection project is the minimum miscibility pressure (MMP), whereas local displacement efficiency from CO₂ injection is highly dependent on the MMP(Eissa M.2007).This paper predict the CO₂–oil MMP(Minimum miscibility pressure)for the pure CO₂ streams based on analytical calculation. We find the sequence of the component disappearance in calculation of crossover tie lines is a key issue that wills influent the result of MMP prediction. Here we make a correction for the conventional principal. By this method, we predict the MMP of some crude oil samples coming from CHINA. Our predict result is closed to the result measured by slim tube apparatus, the accurate of prediction has been greatly improved.

Abstract: Two different sets of ensemble hindcasting experiments were performed with a grid-point Atmospheric General Circulation Model (IAP9L2x2.5-AGCM) forced by actual observed and climatic surface sea temperature(SST), sea ice respectively for seventeen years(1988-2004).In each of set of experiment, there were three tests from three different initial atmospheric conditions . Then the sensitivity of short-term climate prediction to initial atmospheric conditions was investigated. A simple correlation analysis showed that the influence of initial atmospheric conditions in the tropics is greater than that in the extratropics , so initial atmospheric conditions play a very important role on short-term climate prediction, especially in China. In addition, the initial atmospheric conditions of smoothing 5-day NCEP-DOE reanalysis2 data were the best from most of meteorological variables in this study.

Abstract: Sediments sampled from the Pearl River tributary inlet, with seriously black and odor problem, was treated with calcium nitrate injection in the river simulator. During the course, release and transformation of nitrogen from sediments was investigated. The results showed that calcium nitrate injection is one kind of feasible approaches for sediments odor control. Removal rate of sulfide in sediments reached up to 99% in a month, the color of sediments turned to light brown from black, and the odor disappeared. However, release of NH4+-N and NO3--N was accelerated with calcium nitrate injection, the maximum release concentration of NH₄-N and NO₃-N was close to 48 mg/L and 417.4 mg/L with injecting dosing of 8%(W/W, dry-weight). Furthermore, continued aeration to overlying water seemed not to be a good way for NO₃-N removal. Contrastively, under low DO condition, both concentration of NH₄-N and NO₃-N took increasing-decrease trends. In this work, TN concentration decreased from 97.7 mg/L to 27.4 mg/L. That is, by maintaining low DO concentration in sediment-water interface, the extra release of nitrogen caused by calcium nitrate injection could be well controlled.