Advanced Materials Research Vols. 518-523

Abstract: Chemical oxygen-iodine laser (COIL) has wide application prospects in the fields of national defense and industry, but at the same time COIL discharges out a large of corrosive gas, especially the iodine crystal of the waste gas endangers the equipment and environment gravely. Firstly the quantitative test on utilizing the iodine adsorption vessel to remove the methyl iodine by the soaked coal-based active carbon was did , then the qualitative test of the coal-based active carbon for removing stable iodine on the base of the first test was carried on. The result of the test indicates that the decontamination factors of the coal-based active carbon for removing the stable iodine is more than 1000, so it can satisfy the need of project application, and it is very important to deal with the waste gas of COIL and other nuclear facilities.

Abstract: Compared with the data measured by other ones, the concentration of heavy metal (Pb), which is investigated by us in July 2011, has increased significantly in Luoyuan Bay, especially near Baishui Zone. The main reason is the discharged waste water from some recently founded large-scale steel plants around Luoyuan Bay. A numerical tidal current model in Luoyuan Bay is established based on FVCOM, with which a heavy metal transport model is developed to simulate the distribution of Pb discharged from steel plants.Reasonable agreement between the model results and field data has been obtained, indicating that the numerical model can be used as computational tool for environment management and the prediction of heavy metals in Luoyuan Bay.

Abstract: LES turbulent models were employed to study the gas-solid two phase characteristics in an axial flow cyclone. Predicted data of velocity and pressure distributions of gas phase and the separation efficiency of the dispersed droplets were listed in this paper. The results showed that there are much differences between the LES turbulent model and RANS turbulent models; the velocities of the gas phase depended mostly on the direction of guide vane, and the operating pressure had a great effect on the collection efficiency of nanoparticles in vacuum conditions.

Abstract: The concentrations of 9 metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) in topsoil in Guangdong were investigated based on 260 samples. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to the data matrix to evaluate the analytical results and to identify the possible sources of metals. The average concentrations (mg/kg) obtained were: Cu 17.37 mg/kg, Ni 17.7 mg/kg, Cr 56.7 mg/kg, Co 6.83 mg/kg, Mn 223.16 mg/kg, Pb 36.63 mg/kg, Hg 0.10 mg/kg, Cd 0.09 mg/kg and Zn 49.75 mg/kg. The results of factor analysis group Pb, Zn, Cd, Hg and Mn in F1 and Cu, Ni, Cr, Co in F2. The spatial heavy metals component maps show definite association of these factors with the soil parent material and soil types. The concentration levels are relatively low in areas of high pH and low organic matter content concentration. The 9 metals in Guangdong have generally low concentrations and distinct geographical patterns. The local anomalies (found in Cu, Zn and Pb) are attributed to anthropogenic influence.

Abstract: Humic acid (HA) and 3-Mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane (MPTES) were successfully coated onto the surface of Fe₂O₃ (α and γ) nano-particles as characterized using IR and BET-N2 analysis, the potential use of the naked and functionalized nano-Fe₂O₃ particles as novel nano-sorbents for removal of Cd, Pb and Cu ions in solution was investigated in this study. The result indicated that the sorption of Cd, Pb and Cu ions by the nano-particles can be fitted well using langmuir isotherm; all the adsorbents exhibited definitely adsorption ability to Cd, Pb and Cu ions in solution. The sorption maximum and sorption affinity on the nano-particles for Pb (aq) were always higher than Cu (aq) and Cd (aq), the sorption maxima for the Pb, Cd and Cu followed the order Pb>Cu>Cd. Among the nano-sorbents, the Fe₂O₃ (α and γ) nano-particles coated with HA exhibited higher sorption ability to metal ions than the naked and thiolated Fe₂O₃ nano-particles, the sorption maxima of α-Fe₂O₃/HA for Pb(aq) reached 151.5 mg/g, which was significantly higher than the values of 116.3 and 84.0 mg/g observed for the α-Fe₂O₃ and α- Fe₂O₃/MPTES particles. However, no increased sorption maxima was observed for the thiolated Fe2O3 nano-particles (Fe2O3/MPTES) for the metal ions compared with the naked Fe₂O₃ nano-particles in this study. The greater capability of Fe₂O₃/HA to adsorb Cd(aq), Pb(aq), Cu(aq) indicates its potential use as another promising way to remediate metals-contaminated water.

Abstract: Crops are the main victims of the accident of water pollution. The paper will discuss treatment program,investigation, crop damage symptom recognition, direct economic loss estimation of water pollution, confirmation, accident responsibility partition and arbitration of such links. It will provide principles for the other accidents. Besides, it can also be used as a handling reference to other issues of pollution and pollution accident.

Abstract: In this paper, the performance of the constructed rapid infiltration system ( CRI ) for removal of organic pollutants of domestic sewage was investigated. The results showed that the system had higher efficiency of COD_Cr removal. The removal rate of COD_Cr was 86.1% by constructed rapid infiltration system without carbonized sludge , 91.8% with carbonized sludge. The system overcomes the disadvantage of traditional wastewater rapid infiltration land treatment system ( RI ) that the hydraulic load is low, but retains the advantages that the solution process are the low cost, the ease of processing, less energy consumption and good water quality.

Abstract: The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program held its first mobile facility (AMF) field campaigns in Shouxian in eastern China. Based on the AMF data, we studied the radiative properties of aerosols in late autumn and early winter. The results show that aerosols and clouds decreased the surface total radiation flux (RF) by 27.5% and the shortwave (SW) RF by 30.8%. The aerosol radiative effect (ARE) in late autumn and early winter calculated is about -24.9 W/m². In addition, we compared the AMF data with MODIS datasets in a 1×1 degree box. The net SW errors of Terra and Aqua were 97.4 and 30.0 w/m². The net LW errors were 17.4 W/m² and 21.4 W/m², respectively. The differences of the errors between Terra and Aqua were caused by the different zenith angles and the different atmospheric aerosol and vapor backgrounds during the satellite overpasses.

Abstract: The four species of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Cd) were analyzed using BCR (the Bureau Communautaire de Reference) sequential extraction method. Results showed that, about the contents the four species (exchangeable and carbonate state, Fe-Mn oxides state, organic and sulfide state and residual state) in surface sediment, the average contents of Cu were 0.94 μg/g, 2.17 μg/g, 1.18 μg/g and 13.19 μg/g, respectively. the average contents of Pb were1.51 μg/g, 12.90 μg/g, 4.51 μg/g and 16.42 μg/g, respectively; the average contents of Zn were 1.82 μg/g, 13.00 μg/g, 4.20 μg/g and 48.97 μg/g, respectively; the average contents of Cd were 0.010 μg/g, 0.012 μg/g, 0.005 μg/g and 0.063 μg/g, respectively; the average contents of Cr were 0.32 μg/g, 2.98 μg/g, 4.22 μg/g and 13.19 μg/g, respectively. The predominant species of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Cd is residual state. The relative abundance in residual state for these elements followed the order: Cr＞Cu＞Zn＞Cd＞Pb. The pollution degree was assessed with ratio of secondary phase to primary phase. Results showed that the sediments in the northern Beibu Gulf were uncontaminated with Cu, Zn and Cr. 12 % of the sites was slightly polluted with Cd. 47 % of the sites were polluted with Pb.

Abstract: Salinity and tidal range time series observed in Modaomen waterway was analyzed in power spectrum method, and both showed the period of half month (14.22d). Moreover, the salinity and tidal range time series were coherent at that period through cross spectrum analysis. Besides, the phase analysis at the period of 14.22d showed that, within the estuary, the salinity time series upstream lagged that of the downstream, and the response time of salinity time series to the tidal range time series was about 9-10d, increasing upstream. But the phase of salinity time series and response time to the tidal range at the estuary mouth did not correspond with the laws within the estuary. The response time of salinity to the tidal range was about 12d there.