Advanced Materials Research Vols. 518-523

Abstract: Soil enzymatic activities such as urease and invertase, were determined in areas polluted by Nesslers reagent colorimentric method and Mo-Phosphate colorimentric method in Yu Long coal mine, Shandong Province. The index of heavy metal pollution and the relationship between the activities of soil enzymes were analyzed. The results showed that the contents of heavy metals in contaminated soils were higher than those in unpolluted soils and the enzyme activities were decreased significantly with increasing contamination. The results of multivariate regression model test indicated that the elements of soil heavy metals have different influence on the soil enzymatic activities. It is feasible to use this index as a primary biochemical parameter to evaluate compound heavy metals pollution.

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to study the effectively remove organic and inorganic contaminatants in advanced treatment of coking wastewater and try to find a new efficient and inexpensive economical adsorbent project. The organic-inorganic modified Bentonite is used in the experiment as the adsorbent to find out the adsorptive capability under the different conditions of temperature, PH value, adsorptive time, and so on. The results show that Al—CTMAB MB (Aluminum Sulphate & cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide Modified Bentonite)can reduce the ammonia nitrogen and COD in coking wastewater in the experiment with the dosage of 50g/L, shock for 30 min and PH value is 9 for the best project.

Abstract: This paper maily studied the characteristics of silt flocculation of Yellow River. Chemistry and phiscal test methods were used to analyze the effects of silt concentration on settling velocity. The flocculation efficiency of PAM and PAC were compared in this work. Effects of silt concentration on needed PAM dosages and the optimal dosage of PAM at different silt concentration were discussed. Compound flocculants were also being studied. Research in this work has important practical value in the high turbidity water treatment technology for Yellow River and other rivers.

Abstract: With hydraulic loading of 3.3cm/d, five kinds of Gravel-less perforated pipe leach field’s experimental equipment (GPPLF) filled with soil or river sand to treat rural sewage were discussed. The results indicated that the optimal combination's average removal efficiencies of COD, turbidity, TP, NH₃-N, and TN were 82.4%, 94.2%, 74.1%, 98.4%, 55.1% respectively. And average effluent COD, turbidity, TP, NH₃-N, and TN were 17.3 mg/L, 3.9 NTU, 0.55 mg/L, 0.36 mg/L, 12.1 mg/L correspondingly. They could reach the requirement of the first degree discharge standards in Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant (GB18918-2002). And contrasted with conventional perforated pipe leach fields, the removal efficiencies of COD, turbidity, TP, NH₃-N, and TN were increased 1.4%, 5.1%, 22.1%, 61.8%, 15.1% accordingly. The removal mechanism analysis of NH₃-N and TN revealed that the low C/N ratio was probably the most important factor for the low removal of TN.

Abstract: Along with the development of JiuZhai valley tourism scenic spots increasing at the same time, and the ecological environment is also with the change, how much of the change of ecological environment must be given. The TP emissions non-point source is one of the important indexes of each branch road and plank road be given. But the results is discrete, if use the current calculation model. Need a lot of data,For this，surface runoff load model is put forward based on the average load value. Through the comparative analysis, this model lead to specific areas of non-point pollutant average load value according to some small amount of water quality monitoring data. Not only eliminates random character, but also to improve the operability. Non-point source area highway TP emission load of jiuzhai valley is given by the model.

Abstract: Based on the field investigation and sampling, seven dominant wild plants and relative soil samples in Hainan Shilu iron mines area were collected. To analyze and study the contents of heavy metals Pb, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn in these samples and the characteristics of enriching heavy metals of these dominant plants. Results of this study showed that the contents of the same heavy metal in the soils around roots system of seven dominant plants had a large range of variation, to a certain extent, it reflected the difference of the enriched characteristics of different plants to the same heavy metal. All seven dominant plants had endurance and enriched characteristics to Fe. Bothriochloa root hoarded up abundant Fe, Cu, Zn and its stored characteristics to Mn, Pb, Cd also stood out from the seven dominant plants, so it could be used as good plant which absorbed a large amount of heavy metals but mainly held in the roots, this result had a good consistance with the finding that the enriched and transferred characteristics of Bothriochloa to heavy metals in soil. In the soil of low cadmium pollution, Calopo and Bothriochloa had higher concentration factors of cadmium, this indicated they had a good potential in high cadmium pollution soil. White tephrosia and Cyperus alternifolius had the higher metastasis ability to Mn, Zn, Cd, which had the potential of phytoremediation.

Abstract: This paper uses orthogonal experiment for optimizing technological conditions of decolorization, and draws the conclusion that the best combination is A3C3B1E1D3, namely H2SO4：1.5%；HCl：5% and sepiolite: 1.5 g/l; speed 100 r/min; time: 1.5 h. Membrane distillation technology replaces the dryer to enrich the glutamic acid neutralizer, and improves the concentration of sodium glutamate in the glutamic acid neutralizer. The membrane distillation flux of glutamic acid neutralizer changes along the concentration multiple curve. It shows that with concentration up to 60%，the glutamic acid neutralizer will supersaturate when crystal comes up and the membrane distillation can't go on. The color and conductivity of product water suggest that some volatile substances are formed. Peak time difference between glutamate filtrate gas chromatography and product water of the membrane distillated glutamic acid neutralizer does not exceed 0.1min, and thus indicates that four volatile substances from product water are derived from glutamic acid filtrate. Product water can be recollected to glutamic acid ferment tank and recycled. Scanned by FT-IR, the main ingredients in the neutralizer indicate the existence of amino acid kind materials. When replacing dryer with membrane distillation process in industrialization, glutamic acid neutralizer can be concentrated from 50% to 59%, thus greatly improves economic benefit.

Abstract: A Gram positive bacterium strain 12-3 for degrading DDT effectively was isolated from the DDT contaminated site of the shipyard in Guangzhou by enrichment culture, which could utilize DDT as the sole carbon source for growth. This strain was identified as Pseudomonas species. Based on the phenotype, physiological and biochemical identification, and fatty acids identification. Testing theirs DDT degradation rate with HPLC, the results showed that in a shaky flask containing 20 mg/L DDT, this strain could degrade DDT with degradation efficiency of 51.6% in 8 days at 30°C, pH 8.0.

Abstract: Bisphenol A（BPA）is an exogenous substance. It can disturb the normal incretion and influence the physiological process of organism, especially the aquatic. This article presented the characteristics and distribution of BPA in water. Meanwhile, the effects on daphnia magna and zebra fish and other aquatics caused by BPA were presented in detail. Finally, the research trends of BPA were discussed.

Abstract: The Sesbania seedlings experimented, in hydroponic conditions, we studied Zn²⁺, Cd²⁺ physiological toxic on Sesbania seedling. The results show that: Zinc and cadmium had a serious effect on poisoning of Sesbania seedlings. With zinc and cadmium Stress concentration increased, Sesbania leaf chlorophyll content showed a trend that increased first and then decreased; Soluble protein content showed a downward trend; proline content showed an upward trend; SOD and POD activity showed increased first and then decreased. Zn²⁺ and Cd²⁺ had various effects on toxic intensity, Cd²⁺ showed a stronger toxic effects.