Advanced Materials Research Vols. 518-523

Abstract: In this paper, duck feather fiber was treated by alkaline solution first, then its Cu2+ sorption capacity was tested and the sorption mechanism was studied by utilizing infrared spectrum (FTIR) and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (XRD). Moreover, desorption properties of the treated duck feather fiber were investigated in order to exploit it as a recycled industrial effluent treatment material. At last, duck feather fiber was air-laid and thermal-bonded into a kind of composite nonwoven fabric by adding bicomponent low melt PE/PP fiber as binder fiber. It is found that duck feather/bicomponent PE/PP fiber composite nonwoven fabrics show good mechanical properties and Cu2+ and Cr6+ sorption capacity. It is a promising material for textile dying effluent treatment.

Abstract: Freely flowing international trade, carried predominantly by a large and heterogeneous fleet of ocean going vessels, has been the impetus behind the significant advances in world prosperity experienced in the second-half of the 20th century. Decreased trading barriers and reduced tariffs have facilitated the development of a truly interlinked and globalised economy. The business community has responded to this new trading environment and has increasingly sought commercial partners, suppliers and customers throughout the globe. The very act of producing goods for markets has also changed radically as suppliers and manufacturers have developed efficient production processes that reduce inventory holding to a very minimum production processes made possible by fast, efficient and unfettered international transport. The emerging paradigm for global prosperity has been predicated on near frictionless transport and trade. This paper looks at the implications of various emission policies for maritime logistics. There can be important trade off that can be important benefits associated with such measures as reduction in streaming speed and change in the number of vessels in the fleet and more conventional logistics.

Abstract: Two laboratory-scale constructed wetlands planted with Juncus effusus were used to investigate the dynamics of sulphur transformations under varying nitrate and organic carbon loads as well as its interactions with microbial carbon and nitrogen transformations. The removal of dissolved organic carbon was obtained to be around 65-87% with specific removal load of 1.40-2.63 g/m² d. 94% of nitrate removal (under inflow concentration of 15 mg/L) irrespective of organic carbon loads indicated a highly active denitrification process in wetlands. Sulphate reduction was performed at a high level of 83% in a low redox potential (about -300 mV) under condition of inflow organic carbon concentration of 50 mg/L. The dosage of nitrate in the inflow can strongly hinder the process ofdissimilatory microbial sulphate. The coexist of sulphide with concentration of 1.65-2.65 mg/L and elemental sulphur of 0.17-2.18 mg/L in the pore water of wetlands demonstrated a simultaneous occurrence of microbial sulphate reduction and sulphide oxidation. A lower ammonium oxidation removal was initiated, which was probably caused by the toxic effect of sulphide with concentration of about 3 mg/L in the pore water. The sulphide concentration in the pore water was highly exponentially correlated with the redox potential, indicating the control of sulphide in wetlands could be performed by the adjustment of redox potential via aeration and/or nitrate dosage.

Abstract: The effects of N deposition induced by environmental pollution on litter decomposition rate in Shenyang city are analyzed by the reciprocal transplant experiment. By contrasting environments and intraspecific variations in Cortex Phellodendri Chinensis leaf litter quality on mass loss rates to investigate the effects of N deposition on mass loss rates in urban and suburb. The results showed that N deposition in urban significantly affected litter decomposition rate by affecting litter quality and environmental conditions. There was a faster decomposition rate when the environmental conditions or litter quality was affected by N deposition.

Abstract: The anodic oxidation of ultraviolet absorbers in wastewater was investigated on Ti/PbO2 electrodes. Specifically, the effect of current density and pH was examined. After the 180 min of electrolysis at the current density 10 mA•cm-2 and pH 4, the COD removal efficiency and decolorization rate were 98.49% and 99.2%, respectively. Comparing electro-oxidation process with Fenton process, the former removal efficiencies of COD and color were 1.4 times and 1.2 times than that in the latter one. Additionally, the electro-oxidation did not need any chemicals while Fenton process consumed certain amount of chemicals and produced huge sludge. Such studies provided some relevant information about the applicability of electro-oxidation system for treatment of wastewater contaminated by industrial organic synthesis.

Abstract: Piggery wastewater includes a lot of hardly degradable pollutants, which are not well removed during treatment plants. In our study, a multi-stage wastewater treatment system was introduced, which contains liquid-solid separation, anaerobic fermentation, aerobic treatment, functional material filtration and oxidation processes. In RPAFR, the readily biodegradable organic matter was degraded, and the removal efficiency of COD and BOD₅ reached 80%; but nitrogen and phosphorus could not be removed effectively. When MEOD and MFMI were operated to treat digested effluent, nitrogen and phosphorus were effectively removed. The removal of three kinds of antibiotics (FQs, SMs and TCs) in piggery wastewater treatment plants were detected, and for most antibiotics, more than 90% compounds were eliminated, but only few of them were totally removed in wastewater of final effluent. The weather also influenced the removal efficiency of DC, CIP and SMZ, which were better in autumn than spring, however, the whole trend of antibiotics elimination were similar in different weather. Different kinds of antibiotics residues in final effluent enhanced the ecological risk of environmental waters and human health.

Abstract: Abstract. the sediments is the second pollution source to the water quality of river in mining area, in order to assess the pollution extent of the Shuangqiao River by anthropogenic activity, and establish the geochemical background values and the possible geochemical anomaly range, The authors use Lognormal distribution plots to study the Mercury, Chromium, Cadmium, Lead, Copper, Arsenic, Zinc and Iron dispersion in the fine sediments of the Shuangqiao River. The Lognormal distribution plots are applied to discriminate the geochemical background levels of eight heavy metals from the geochemical anomalies. The result shows that Mercury, Lead are the most heavily pollution which is related to anthropogenic activities, and the concluded geochemical background value is more reasonable than before.