Advanced Materials Research Vols. 518-523

Abstract: A circulating production of 2,5-hexanedione from 2,5-dimethylfuran was studied. The results showed that new technology reduced the environmental pollution, the cost of production and the difficulty of product separation, simultaneously, improved the purity of product. The method requires simple equipment, mild reaction conditions, involved in the safe operation easy, suitable for industrial production, is a more reasonable and more convenient synthesis of circular economy of 2,5-hexanedione method.

Abstract: In this article, effects of the addition of water, freezing time, times of freezing and thawing and thawing temperature on the extraction yields of polysaccharides from corn pollen were investigated. It indicated that the polysaccharides yield increased quickly with an increase of the water addition in the range of 10 to 30 ml/100g, and then it increased slightly. It was obviously affected by the freezing time in repeated freezing and thawing process. The maximum extraction of polysaccharides was15.82 % obtained at the freezing time at 5h, which were 2.76 folds of the lowest yields (5.72%) at the freezing time at 0h. The extraction yield of polysaccharides was 13.31% at 3 freezing and thawing times, while it was 14.58% at 5times and 6.73% at the first freezing and thawing time. The positive effect of the yield was observed when the thawing temperature was in the range of 60~80°C. Then, yield decreased quickly with a diminish of the thawing temperature. And at last the yield decreased slowly.

Abstract: This paper describes the characteristics of enzymes and the principle for the desizing of cotton fabrics. Cotton fabric’s size removal efficiency is significant, after cold pile up by the enzyme treatment. The paper also discusses the process parameters: time and pH effect on the desizing, the optimum of cold pile up after desizing by the enzyme treatment to the cotton fabrics. Compared with traditional alkaline desizing process, the fabrics by the enzyme desizing have no injure, which is low cost and environmentally friendly. COD/BOD of the desizing wastewater are lower than the alkaline wastewater. The enzyme treatment desizing process is environmental friendly and energy-saving pre-treatment process. It is clean production process.

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to improve our understanding of how carbon emission concerns could be integrated into operational decision-making with regard to procurement, production, and inventory management. Lot sizing model with constant product pricing can be modified to support decision-making that accounts for both profit and carbon footprint, by combining carbon footprint parameters with various decision variables. In the first case, the strict carbon cap is introduced into coordination of product pricing and lot sizing. The second case with carbon trade can be achieved by the Lagrangian relaxation of the carbon cap in the first case. In particular, the model with carbon trade is transformed into the third model with carbon tax when the carbon cap equals zero. The results show a series of insights that highlight the impact of operational decisions on carbon emissions and the importance of operational models in evaluation the impact of different regulatory policies and in assessing the benefits of investments in more carbon efficient technologies.

Abstract: This paper established the theoretical framework of life cycle assessment for the section of fiber preparation with end-based evaluation method, and the technology and equipment of the section of fiber preparation were considered as main research object. By using the theoretical system, an environmental impact model of the section of fiber preparation can be built, and then the parameter of main technology and key equipment can be optimized. to improve the evaluation system for wood-based panel production and thus guiding business investment, process improvement and equipment modification. Further more, it can be used to guide investment or upgrade technology and equipment.

Abstract: Using a synthetic method designed and installed with laser monitor on line, the solubility values of benzoic acid in ethanol, benzene, acetic acid and ethyl acetate were determined over the temperature range of 291.69-356.27 K. The solubility of benzoic acid in all cases investigated was found to increase with temperature. The two-parameters empirical and λh equations were used successfully to correlate experimental data of benzoic acid solubilities in organic solvents. The mean absolute error σ of 65 data points correlating by two-parameters empirical equation and λh equation was less than 1%. Finally, molar dissolution enthalpy ΔsolH of benzoic acid in organic solvents was determined with the newly obtained empirical equation parameters.

Abstract: Livestock blood is a slaughtering by-product that has potential for animal protein sources, human consumption is limited due to its brown color causing dark hues to food and feed products. The aim of this work is to extract white and palatable protein from red cells of porcine blood. Red cells are hydrolyzed with papain and acidized with Hydrochloric acid, freed heme group is flocculated with Sodium Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (CMC) and separated by centrifugation, supernatant is the decoloring protein solution. The enzyme hydrolysis conditions and flocculation conditions are optimized. The optimal enzyme hydrolysis parameters are substrate concentration 6%, papain dosage 6000u/g, time 8h and pH 7.0. The optimal enzyme flocculation parameters are CMC dosage 0.8g/g, pH 2.7 and time 10min. Decoloring protein powder obtained by isoelectric precipitation, centrifugation and vacuum freeze-drying is 95% protein, only 1% ash, light-colored and almost tasteless.

Abstract: Environmental protection and worker safety measures against the extensively used hard chrome plating (EHC) is becoming more stringent, which leads to the development and application of alternative technology. As one of the most promising replacement technology of EHC, WC/Co coatings deposited by High Velocity Oxygen Fuel (HVOF) have well performances in corrosion and wear resistance. The paper analyzed technical characteristics, property and cost of EHC and HVOF deposited WC-Co coatings, while results show that performance of HVOF sprayed WC-Co coatings is superior or equal to EHC with much higher expense, so current replacement of EHC by HVOF centers airplane and military arm field which have relatively higher profit.

Abstract: A novel CIL of N-butyl-N-methyl imidazolium-D-(-)-tartrate has been designed and synthesized by neutralization reaction. Its structure was characterized by 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectra, the optical rotation was characterized by polarimeter with the value of-15.0º, and the purity was characterized by ion chromatography with the value of 98.4%.

Abstract: In order to improve the overall efficiency of energy utilization in silicon smelting furnace, a technology solution to recover the furnace radiant heat and exhaust energy was described in this paper; and based on the operation data of a 3200 KV•A industrial silicon smelting furnace, a 400 kW steam turbine generator unit was designed, and the economic benefit from the technology solution was also analyzed. The results show that this technology solution brings a remarkable performances of energy saving and emission reduction: about 14% of the supplying energy could be recovered; the investment payback period is between two and three years, the economic benefit from the technology solution would reach 4.72 million yuan in ten years.