Advanced Materials Research Vols. 518-523

Abstract: For the purpose of establishing a method of deprotein from the shrimp shell powder that is ready to prepare chitin by pepsin, which is a environment more friendly method compare to the other traditional methods. One factor experiment was applied to study the optimal deproteinization conditions., The data of one factor experiments indicates that the proper catalytic condition might be as follows, pH1.5, temperature 35°C, enzyme dose 500U/g, and the process time 4 hours, take the cost of production into account. On the basis of these results, response surface methodology (RSM) was used to study the optimal process conditions, the data indicates that the optimal condition occurs at 700 U/g, 36.09°C, and 5 hours, and the maximum deproteinization rate approaches 8.47%.

Abstract: Given the weight in groundwater vulnerability assessment, entropy weight combined with DRASTIC model is considered to assess the groundwater vulnerability. The assessment index weight is assessed by entropy weight and the model is ultimately applied to the assessment on the vulnerability of the groundwater in Weining Plain of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. Firstly, based on the seven assessment index attribute partition charts, the assessment index weight is calculated by entropy weight; then, by the ARCGIS grid image overlay tool to overlay the seven index grid images, the composite index chart of the assessment on the vulnerability of the groundwater in the study area is developed; finally, according to the classification standard, a partition chart of the assessment on the vulnerability of the groundwater in the study area is made to carry out the result analysis of the assessment on the vulnerability of the groundwater in the study area. The comprehensive assessment results indicate that the application of entropy weight to the DRASTIC model is feasible and the assessment results are more objective and direct.

Abstract: In flood frequency analysis, the observed data of the smaller censored flows have no influence on fitting frequency curve, and the final fitting still depends very mainly on the larger flows. It also exhibits two or more distinct segments. The higher probability weighted moments(HPWMS) showed its potential merit for these estimating flood samples. In this paper, a detail approximating calculation of the parameter for common generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution by HPWMS method is given. This method has no more complication procedures than traditional lower orders of probability weighted moments.

Abstract: This spring a serious drought occurred in some areas of China, which had a great impact to local production, living and economic development. For this severe problem, earth-rock dam’s risk consequence evaluation model under drought condition was proposed, and factors of earth-rock dam risk consequence were analyzed and summarized, using principal component analysis to establish comprehensive evaluation model of earth-rock dam’s risk consequence under drought condition.

Abstract: Using the Northeast region for the study area as it has a typical different land use types, through the soil sampling and analysis, research and compare different land use distribution of soil aggregates. The results showed that among different land use patterns, the surface (0 ~ 20 cm) has the maximum of water stable aggregates <0.25mm (up to 52.262%). Whether it is farmland or plantations, subsurface soil aggregates are higher than the surface aggregates content, but showing natural secondary forest soil structure has the stability characteristics that natural secondary forest water-stable aggregate content has no significant effect; soil aggregates average body weight diameter and geometric mean diameter, the surface fields are the lowest, the use of forest land into farmland, the mean weight diameter and geometric mean diameter, has declined. In general, the surface 0 ~ 20 cm is higher than the subsurface 20 ~ 40 cm.

Abstract: Methods of automatic hydrochemical logging and in situ titrating combined with indoor analysis were used to study the dynamic variation of the physical chemistry in Huanglong Scenic. The water quantity, pH, conductivity, DO, temperature, bacterial quantity (CFU/mL) of different springs were analysis. It was found that the spring 2#、5# and 6# were the major source of spring water in Huanglong scenic and the water flow of decreased spring was changed with the change of the rise spring in the same time. HCO3- concentration of the rising spring water was around 900ppm, while that of the decreasing spring water approximately 350ppm.

Abstract: Aimed at the feature of annual precipitation,this paper puts forward a predicting Markov chain method based on entropy weight. Data of precipitation in Hangzhou,from 1956 to 2009,was used as an example. The precipitation can be predicted year by year using the Markov chain models based on entropy weight. Hangzhou past 5 years the results of precipitation yearly basis,respectively：the absolute error of 73mm,27mm,-22mm,-17mm and 20mm;the relative error was 5.66%, 2.03%,-1.59%,-1.08% and 1.30%.The error value of smaller than ±5％ and ±10％ was 36.67% and 60.00% respectively in the 30 years of precipitation prediction. M-K test was applied for nearly 30 years of predicting results for time series analysis, the results show that the prediction data with the increase in prediction accuracy tends to gradually increase.

Abstract: In order to improve the precision of medium-long term rainfall forecast, the rainfall estimation model was set up based on wavelet analysis and support vector machine (WA-SVM). It decomposed the original rainfall series to different layers through wavelet analysis, forecasted each layer by means of SVM, and finally obtained the forecast results of the original time series by composition. The model was used to estimate the monthly rainfall sequence in the watershed. Comparing with other method which only uses support vector machine(SVM), it indicates that the estimated accuracy was improved obviously.

Abstract: Reservoir outflow is an important factor not only impacting reservoir flow field, but also affecting reservoir water environmental capacity. This paper, taking a reservoir as an example, makes use of computational fluid dynamics and water quality calculation software calculating the reservoir outflow quality in different discharge width, and calculating the corresponding environmental capacity of the reservoir under different discharge width of the reservoir and the flow concentration. The relationship of the outflow width, outflow discharge and water environmental capacity is analyzed.

Abstract: GMS (Groundwater Modeling System) is a popular software of groundwater simulation and it also has good compatibility with ARCGIS data. The barrier term , lies in 3D Grids’ MODFLOW module, was developed to simulate thin ,vertical ,low-permeability features that impede the horizontal flow of groundwater .In Gaizi river study area ,the faults ,distributed nearly north-south ,have obstructive effects on groundwater. Using barrier borderline to tackle the faults, imitating study area’s groundwater, and the reckoning indicate that the faults have a prominent effect on subsurface flow. Using barrier borderline to handle faults can reflect faults’ effect perfectly in model.