Advanced Materials Research Vol. 528

Abstract: Silica gel particle was chemically modified by using 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane (KH-570) as coupling agent. Then poly methyl acrylic acid (PMAA) was grafted on the surface of particles MPS-SiO2 with the method of Emulsion Polymerization, and grafting particles PMMA/SiO2 were prepared. The grafting particle PMAA/SiO2 was characterized by using FT-IR, TG and SEM. The experimental results show that the graft polymerization of methyl acrylic acid (MAA) on onto the surface of silica gel particles can successfully realized using the method of “graft from”. During the graft polymerization, the grafted polymer layer is a hindrance to the subsequent graft polymerization. When the grafted polymer layer reach to a certain density via overlapping and entwisting, a kinetic barrier will be built up. Hence, the grafting degree of the polymer under a certain condition has a limiting value.

Abstract: This article highlights the poly (m phenylene isophalamide) fibrous membrane (PMIAFM) fabricated by electrospinning technique, and the effects of the process variables such as applied voltage and concentration of the PMIA solution on the morphology and properties of the PMIAFM were addressed. The morphology and structural analyses on electrospun nanofiber membrane using apparatus e.g. scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR). The results showed that the membrane with better morphology was derived from 7wt% of the PMIA, an applied voltage of 18kV, of which the diameter ranged from 100nm to 1μm; within the spinnable concentration range, the concentration of the PMIA solution was proportional to the size of the fiber; and if the voltage beyond or miss the normal figure, namely 18-25kV, a instable jet would emerge.

Abstract: ZnO nanotetrapods were prepared by hydrothermal emulsion method. The X-ray diffraction result showed the hexagonal wurtzite structure of the ZnO nanotetrapods. The main morphology of the ZnO whiskers is a nanotetrapod, aside from the sheet- and flower-shaped ZnO. Growth time and cyclohexane dosage exert some influences on the morphology and size of ZnO. In addition, aluminum doping plays an important role on the morphology of ZnO.

Abstract: In this article, cholesterol 3-hemisuccinate (CHS) was synthesized through the functionalization of the end group of liquid crystal monomer cholesterol with succinic anhydride. Hydrophobic cholesterol modified low molecular weight chitosan (CS-CH) was synthesized by 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC)-mediated coupling reaction. Chemical structure, crystalline morphology, and thermal properties of the biological material were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetric (DSC), and polarized light microscopy (POM). The results of POM showed that CHS was a kind of crystalline material with liquid crystal property of cholesterol. DSC showed that the melting point and the crystalline temperature of CHS were 188 °C and 145 °C respectively. DSC also showed that CS-CH was a kind of thermoplastic biological material. The max melting temperature decreased from 120 °C to 110 °C with increasing the weight ratio of EDC/CHS to chitosan.

Abstract: This manuscript introduces and reviews the background, necessity, opportunities, and recent research progresses for investigating and applying the secondary use of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) and electric vehicles (EVs) lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries in stationary applications. And the motivation, objective, and plans of our PHEV/EV lithium-ion battery secondary-use program are also described in detail.

Abstract: A new coordination polymer [Mn₃(IP)(4,4'-obb)3]_n (1) (4,4'-obb = 4,4'-Oxybisbenzoic acid, IP = 1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]-phenanthroline) was synthesized and characterized by IR, elemental analysis and X-ray diffraction. Single-crystal X-ray analyses revealed that the compound demonstrates 1D structure in which the Mn₂₊ centers are connected via 4,4'-obb anions into 1D chain, the chains are further connected via hydrogen - bonding and π ••• π interactions. In addition, the photoluminescence for compound 1 is also investigated in the solid state at room temperature.

Abstract: Nanocrystalline cellulose was used to blend with polysulfone to improve the hydrophicility and mechanical properties of PS hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane. The method of dry-jet/wet-spining was adopted to form the hollow fiber by the mechanism of phase-inversion. In addition, the content of NCC was increased gradually from 0% to 1 wt% to examin the permeation flux, rejection ratio of bovine serum albumin(BSA) and mechanical strength of PS hollow-fiber. We find that the pure water flux was soared when NCC content was increased. The tensile strength and elongation at break were also detected and calculated. The results indicated that the properties of PS hollow-fiber membrane with appropriate NCC content were enhanced. The hollow fiber membranes were also observed with scaning electron microscopy(SEM) to explore the porous structure

Abstract: CIGS thin films were prepared by selenization of Cu-In-Ga-Se precursors, as a new method, the effects of selenization temperature on the properties of CIGS thin films were studied. First, Cu-In-Ga-Se precursors were deposited onto Mo-coated soda lime glass by evaporation and sputtering method. Then, precursors were selenized at various temperatures in N2 atmosphere for 120 min to form CIGS thin films. The degree of reaction and morphology of films as a function of selenization temperature were analyzed. By means of field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), it was found that CIGS thin films selenized at 450°C exhibit chalcopyrite phase with preferred orientation along the (112) plane.

Abstract: The effect of high welding speed on the macro-appearance and microstructure of joints were investigated in this paper. Experimental results are shown that bonding at one side of joint interface is obviously better than that at another side of bond interface. When welding speed is up to 72mm/min, a discontinuous joining interface is found. It is indicated that increasing of welding speed will be not in favor of disruption of oxide film on surface of composites.

Abstract: Using polyacrlonitrile as spinning materials, the paper investigated the factors affecting the preparation of electrospinning filament assembly with directional and parallel alignment. The experimental results showed that, for different receiving electrodes, it is possible to obtain the spinning filament assembly with parallel alignment by adjusting the processing parameters of electrospinning; higher solute concentration and appropriate voltage control are helpful to obtain the spinning filament assembly with parallel alignment.