Advanced Materials Research Vols. 535-537

Abstract: The increased dissolution of ball-milled lignocellulosic biomass including sugarcane bagasse, Eucalyptus, and Masson pine was investigated in ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C4mim]Cl) at relatively high temperature. The dissolution time of bagasse in [C4mim]Cl decreased from 13.5 h at 90oC to 2.0 h at 140oC, and further decreased to 0.5 h at 170oC, 0.33 h at 180oC, and 0.28 h at 190oC. Similarly, the dissolution of ball-milled Eucalyptus and Masson pine in [C4mim]Cl was achieved under same conditions within 0.75 h and 0.25 h, respectively. The order of the dissolution efficiency of the ball-milled lignocellulosics in [C4mim]Cl at 170oC was Masson pine > bagasse > Eucalyptus, which was probably related to the more compact and complicated cell wall structure of Eucalyptus than bagasse and Masson pine. The physicochemical properties of the regenerated lignocellulosics were characterized with FT-IR, CP/MAS 13C-NMR and wide-angle X-ray diffraction as well as thermal analysis. The results indicated that no derivatization occurred in dissolution in ionic liquid even at high dissolution temperature. The crystalline structure in native bagasse was destroyed and converted from cellulose I to amorphous structure at low dissolution temperature and to cellulose II at high dissolution temperature after regeneration. Thermal stability of lignocellulosics was slightly decreased after dissolution and regeneration in [C4mim]Cl.

Abstract: Doxorubicin(Dox) loaded magnetic alginate nanospheres (DMANs) were prepared in a sodium bis(ethyl hexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT)/n-hexane reverse microemulsion system, then conjugated with Hab18, a monoclonal antibody by 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethyl-aminopropyl) carbodi- imidehydrochloride (EDC), as targeting carriers for the antitumor drug. Results of structural analyses showed that DMANs containing 14.6% of Fe, 10.8% of Dox and 65μg antibody per millgram of nanospheres were spherical morphologies with a mean diameter of 185nm in a narrow distribution of sizes. The concentration of alginate, dosages of Dox and Hab18 had significant effects on morphologies and sizes of DMANs. The release time of Dox from DMANs lasted over 15d. By flow cytometer and ELISA experiments, it was disclosed that the immunological activity of the conjugated Hab18 antibody on the DMANs reached 96% of the original one, and DMANs had a good magnetic response and could specifically target to SMMC-7721 tumor cells. These demonstrate that DMANs are hopeful targeting anticancer drug.

Abstract: An efficient agar plate mutagenesis and screening technique for improving mutation frequency was established by using dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma. And very few studies have reported strains of A. calcoaceticus as phosphate solubilizing plant-associated bacteria. In this study, A.calcoaceticus showed a good ability in phosphate solubilizing. DBD plasma was conducted to A. calcoaceticus mutation for improving the phosphate-soubilizing activity. The results showed that the phosphate-soubilizing activity of mutants increased compared with original strain, and the phosphate-soubilizing activity of the best mutants up to 584.3mg/L, is 1.23-fold of original strain. It demonstrated that DBD plasma treatment has a high-efficient quality, and it will be a useful method of mutation.

Abstract: The Polyethylene oxide (PEO) / Poly (L-lactic acid) (PLLA) ultrafine blend fibers have been prepared by electrospinning. The hybrid solvent of trichloromethane and ethanol was found to be the co-solvent for electrospinning. The PEO/PLLA blend solutions in various ratios were studied for electrospinning into ultrafine fibers. The morphology of the fibers was shown by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The hydrophilicity of fiber samples was characterized by determining their water contact angle. The spun ultrafine fibers are expected to be used in the native extracellular matrix for tissue engineering.

Abstract: Based on the previous studies ,A/O technics culture granular sludge both with rich PAOs in the traditional SBR reactor. The experimental results show that: In the stability run-time of granules sludge system NH+4-N 、PO4-P and COD removal rate could reach 95% ,82%and 93%. This paper further discusses the characteristics of biological phosphorus removal process.

Abstract: To establish a novel method for preparing molecularly imprinted polymers for ginsenoside Rg1 with better character contrast to previous studies, we have prepared novel surface molecular imprinted polymers (S-MIPs) using ginsenoside Rg1 as the template molecule, Acrylamide (AM) as the functional monomer, and silica gel as the carrier. The morphology of S-MIPs was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and its static adsorption capacity was measured by the Scatchard equation.

Abstract: Cecropins are cationic molecules with a wide range of antimicrobial activities. The native peptide cecropins from Musca domestica (Md-Cec) have antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In the present study, cDNA fragments encoding both the Md-Cec-L (62aa) and Md-Cec-S (40 aa) peptides of Md-Cec were respectively expressed using the pMAL-c4x expression vector. High level expression of Md-Cec-L was achieved in Escherichia coli, while expression of Md-Cec-S failed to reach a decent level due to its high level of toxicity to the host cells. Md-Cec-L was expressed as a soluble form using a maltose binding protein (MBP) system, whose product is a MBP-tagged fusion protein, and separated with the carrier amyrose resin. Heterologous expression in E. coli and antimicrobial activity assays showed that both the recombinant fusion protein Md-Cec-L and Md-Cec-S have exhibited antimicrobial activity in vivo; and Md-Cec-L also exhibited antimicrobial activity in vitro. Md-Cec has the potential to be developed as a novel type of antimicrobial drug or food preservative.

Abstract: This study evaluated the effect on bending strength of hydrothermal treatment on kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) fibres of high density fibreboards (HDF) at elevated temperatures. HDF were manufactured from untreated and treated kenaf fibres at three different temperatures that were 100, 130 and 150 °C for 30 minutes in a laboratory autoclave. The bending strength of panel referred to MOE and MOR of sample were analyzed. Bending strength of panel was increased with the increased of temperature. HDF panels made from hydrothermally treated kenaf fibres at 150°C has the higher MOE value and can be used as the building partition or application that needed high elasticity materials.

Abstract: Lipoprotein Lipase plays an important role in adipose functioning signal transduction and it may have direct effects on the deposition of adipose tissues and the body weight ,the Lipoprotein Lipase ( LPL) gene ,therefore ,can be considered as a candidate gene in the study of fat deposition of the chicken. The function of LPL gene has been intensively studied in mammals ,but study of LPLgene in the chicken is still rare. In this paper ,the NEAU divergent selection broiler lines for abdominal fat were used.Body weightand fatness traits were measured in the sixth generation broiler population of the two lines at 7 week of age. One pair of primers for LPL gene were designed according to the database of chicken genomic sequence (Accession No. X60547) . The SNPs Were detected by DNA sequencing ,and PCR-SSCP method was then developed to screen the population. The correlation analysis between the polymorphisms of the LPL gene and growth and fatness traits in the population was carried out using the appropriate statistical model. Three SNPs were found in the population. Those were C235T、C278T and C293T. The least square analysis showed that FF genotype birds had significant higher ( P < 0.05) body weight than EG,FG and GG genotype birds ,and FF genotype birds had significant higher ( P < 0105) weights of abdominal fat than EF,EG and FG genotype birds at the same time. From these results we can putatively drew the conclusion that LPL gene may be a major gene to affect the fatness traits or linked to the major gene ,and the three polymorphisms found in LPL gene could be used to select the chicken for low abdominal fat in molecular marker assisted selection programs.

Abstract: Protected mercaptan groups may be introduced into Human-like collagen (HLC) under very mild conditions with S-acetylmercaptosuccinic anhydride(S-AMSA) as reagent. Fluorometric assay, Fluorescence Spectra and SDS-PAGE were employed to investigate the interaction between HLC and S-AMSA. These results obtained from this study provide theoretical evidence for the further investigate.