Advanced Materials Research Vols. 535-537

Abstract: The F2 chicken population from China Agricultural University was selected to explore the correlation between single nucleotide polymorphism of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and fatness traits. The primers of FAS gene were designed according to the sequence of chicken fatty acid synthase gene (accession number: J02839). The PCR-SSCP was used for genotype analysis. The results showed that the insertion or deletion of the 41st intron (1418-1424 bp) in chicken FAS gene could result in AA, AB and BB genotypes. In addition, least square analysis revealed that the deletion or mutation insertion of the 41st intron (1418-1424 bp) in FAS gene could affect body weights, abdominal fat weights and abdominal fat ratios of chickens. Therefore, polymorphic loci can be used for marker-assisted selection breeding of chickens.

Abstract: Static and dynamic experiments were used to evaluate scale inhibition performance of polyaspartic acid derivative (PASP-SEA-ASP). The static experiments showed that the PASP-SEA-ASP had good scale inhibition performance and the scale inhibition rate exceeded 80% when the PASP-SEA-ASP was 2 mg•L^-1 and the solution temperature was 40 ^OC. In the dynamic experiments, almost no scale formed on the heat transfer surface and the fouling thermal resistance decreases extraordinarily with PASP-SEA-ASP treatment experiment compared with the experiment without treatment. The PASP-SEA-ASP could be used in industrial cooling water systems.

Abstract: In this paper, the cross-linking hydrogels were synthesized by EDC crosslinker and Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS)/Human-like collagen (HLC). The morphology of the hydrogels was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The important performance of these hydrogels is biodegradation which was assessed in two ways: (1) Through enzyme solution experiment in vitro , investigating in vitro degradation property. (2) Injecting the hydrogels to mice subcutaneous , after 2,4,12,and 24 weeks of healing ,the rats were sacrificed and explanted specimens were prepared for histology analysis. Investigating degradation time in vitro and in vivo , and studying the histology .HLC hydrogels degradation time gets eight to ten months, in addition has good compatibility of the histological performances. The hydrogels are promised for the applications in the biomaterials area.

Abstract: Hydrogels were prepared from carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS)/Human-like collagen(HLC) by S-acetylmercaptosuccinic anhydride(SAMSA) crosslinker. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy indicated that there exactly existed interaction HLC, carboxymethyl chitosan and SAMSA. The morphology of the hydrogels was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The equilibrium swelling ratio was also evaluated. Cell culture results showed that these hydrogels were good in promoting the cell attachment and proliferation. The hydrogels are promised for the applications in the biomaterials area.

Abstract: In this paper, sisal fibers (SF) reinforced cellulose acetate composites were prepared using twin-screw extrusion followed by hot-press moulding technology. Both the mechanical properties and the biodegradable rate of the composite were investigated in terms of effect of initial length and mass content percentage of sisal fiber on. The results showed that the fibers tended to be shorter and thinner during the processing of twin-screw blending and the tensile and flexure strength of composites were enhanced, with the content or initial length of sisal fibers increasing. Furthermore, the biodegradation rate of the composite was forward at first, and gradually became slow in later period and then leveled off finally. In addition, Micro-morphologies of the fracture surface of the composite were visualized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to analyze the effect of initial length and content of sisal fibers on interfacial adhesion and the distribution of sisal fibers in the composites.

Abstract: With the goal to develop biocompatible material collagen extracted from tilapia scale as coating material to encapsulate bioactive compounds, a microsphere containing L-ascorbic acid as a model is developed, using natural nontoxic transglutaminase (TG) as cross-linking agent. Ultrasonic wave was applied in the process to assist preparing microcapsule. Factors of emulsifier, TG, ratio of L-ascorbic acid and collagen, incubation temperature were discussed. The formulation from orthogonal experiment was of the optimal encapsulation efficiency 81.17%.It is found that the collagen extracted from tilapia scale is a potential biomaterial.

Abstract: Recently fed-batch strategy is well known as the cheapest, simplest and more effective processes. In order to save the manual cost the automatic control strategies have been used in fermentation processes, where the addition of nutrient is added with on-line parameters monitoring. This paper mainly introduces the application of Micro Control Unit （MCU） and Back Propagation （BP）neural networks in the controlling fermentation process.

Abstract: Two control models, manual way and automatic way, have been compared during the fermentation process in this study. The automatic way is achieved by a fermentation controller developed by ourselves. Compared to manual way, biomass (OD₆₀₀) and the production of human-like collagen (HLC) could be increases significantly, reaching to 144 and 7.12g/L respectively. Acetic acid, a key byproduct, is also lowered very obviously. Beside the production controlled by automation model was very stable, the automatic controller can regulate the feeding rate in real time and save labor force.

Abstract: As the tissue engineering scaffolds, the pore structure and condensed structure of silk fibroin scaffolds should be adjusted and controlled. In this study, Antheraea pernyi/Bombyx mori (A. p/B. m) silk fibroin blend scaffolds were prepared by freeze-drying. The influence of blend ratios on the pore structure and condensed structure of the scaffolds was investigated. The results showed that the average pore diameter of the blend scaffolds changed from 56 to 326 μm. Due to the difference of properties and the macromolecules aggregation status of two silk fibroin solutions, the pore diameter, content of α-helix and crystallinity of the scaffolds decreased with the increasing of the proportion of B. m silk fibroin. By adjusting the blend ratios, the pore structure and condensed structure of A. p/B. m silk fibroin blend scaffolds could be controlled.

Abstract: Enzyme-Ultrasonic combined method is researched to extract sodium alginate, and the parameters are optimized as following: enzyme (cellulose and protease add content) 8%(w/v), pH 4, temperature 50°C, ultrasonic power 160 W, enzyme solution time 3.5 h. The FTIR spectrum shows the extraction material is sodium alginate. By the optimum parameters, the extraction rate is 23.1%, which is 27% higher than the traditional methods. Therefore, the extraction of sodium alginate can be increased observably by enzyme-ultrasonic combined method.