The Biotic Resistance of Soil Biota on the Invasive Weed Coreopsis grandiflora Varies with Irradiance Levels

Abstract:

A greenhouse experiment was carried out to study the effects of the sterilization of the soil on the invasive weed Coreopsis grandiflora Hogg. at two irradiance levels. The sterilization was done by benomyl which is a fungicide used worldwide to sterilize the fungal pathogens. The study found that the effects of the sterilization on C. grandiflora varied with the light intensity in terms of the leaf biomass, total biomass and the root-shoot ratio. At high irradiance (60%) the sterilization significantly increased the leaf biomass, total biomass and the ability of photosynthesis of C. grandiflora, suggesting there are soil pathogenic fungi which contribute to biotic resistance against the invasive plants. In contrast, at low irradiance, the sterilization did not have significant effects on the biomass of the plant although the Fv/Fm was significantly increased, suggesting that the light was the key factor and the biotic resistance of soil biota have some minor effects on the plant invasion of C. grandiflora in low light habitat such as forest canopy. The biotic resistance of soil biota on C. grandiflora varies with irradiance levels, suggesting the limiting factors of invasive plants are complex and vary with microhabitats.

• Periodical: Advanced Materials Research (Volumes 573-574)
• Pages: 1044-1051
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.573-574.1044
• Online since: October 2012
• Authors: Hua Chen, Rui Ying Chang, Ren Qing Wang, Jian Liu
• Keywords: Chlorophyll Fluorescence, Coreopsis grandiflora, Irradiance, Plant Invasions, Soil Biota

References

[1] E.D. Grosholz: P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. Vol. 102(2005), pp.1088-1091.

[2] J. Liu, S.C. Liang, F.H. Liu, R.Q. Wang and M. Dong: Divers. Distrib. Vol. 11(2005), pp.341-347.

[3] B.M. Going, J. Hillerislambers and J.M. Levine: Oecologia. Vol. 159(2009), pp.839-847.

[4] H. Chen, J. Liu, Y.L. Zhang, Q. Wang, X.L. Ge, Y.H. Wei and R.Q. Wang: J. Environ. Biol. Vol. 32(2011), pp.567-572.

[5] M. Vilà, J.L. Espinar, M. Hejda, P.E. Hulme, V. Jarošík, J.L. Maron, J. Pergl, U. Schaffner, Y. Sun and P. Pyšek: Ecol. Lett. Vol. 14(2011), p.702–708.

DOI: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01628.x

[6] A. Milbau, I. Nijs, L. van Peer, D. Reheul and B. de Cauwer: New. Phytol. Vol. 159(2003), pp.657-667.

DOI: 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00833.x

[7] I.C. Knevel, T. Lans, F.B. J. Menting, U.M. Hertling and W.H. van der Putten: Oecologia. Vol. 141(2004), pp.502-510.

DOI: 10.1007/s00442-004-1662-8

[8] J.M. Levine, P.B. Adler and S.G. Yelenik: Ecol. Lett. Vol. 7(2004), pp.975-989.

[9] J. Mciver, R. Thorp and K. Erickson: Weed. Biol. Manag. Vol. 9(2009), pp.137-145.

[10] T.E.X. Miller, J.C. Legaspi and B. Legaspi: Biol. Invasions. Vol. 12(2010), pp.3563-3577.

DOI: 10.1007/s10530-010-9751-6

[11] M.G.A. van der Heijden, R.D. Bardgett and N.M. van Straalen: Ecol. Lett. Vol. 11(2008), pp.296-310.

[12] H. Chen, R.Q. Wang, X.L. Ge, J. Zhang, N. Du, W. Wang and J. Liu: Photosynthetica. Vol. 50(2012), pp.77-85.

[13] R.M. Callaway, D. Cipollini, K. Barto, G.C. Thelen, S.G. Hallett, D. Prati, k. Stinson and J. Klironomos: Ecol. Vol. 89(2008), pp.1043-1055.

DOI: 10.1890/07-0370.1

[14] S.R. Bray, K. Kitajima and D.M. Sylvia: Ecol. Appl. Vol. 13(2003), pp.565-574.

[15] X. Zhao, Q. Wang and Y. Kakubari: Acta. Agr. Scand. B-S. P. Vol. 61(2011), pp.322-332.

[16] D.M. Iponga, S.J. Milton and D.M. Richardson: J. Arid. Environ. Vol. 72(2008), pp.612-623.

[17] M. Isermann: Flora. Vol. 203(2008), pp.273-280.

[18] J.Y. Tian, (2004). Science Press. (in Chinese).

[19] Y. Liang, J. Liu, S.P. Zhang, S.J. Wang, W.H. Guo and R.Q. Wang: Can. J. Plant. Sci. Vol. 88(2008), pp.831-837.

[20] P. Pyšek, D.M. Richardson, J. Pergl, V. Jarosik, Z. Sixtova and E. Weber: Trends. Ecol. Evol. Vol. 23(2008), pp.237-244.

[21] M.A. Nunez and A. Pauchard: Biol. Invasions. Vol. 12(2010), pp.707-714.

[22] B.A.D. Hetrick, G.W.T. Wilson and D.C. Hartnett: Can. J. Botany. Vol. 67(1989), pp.2608-2615.

[23] R.M. Callaway, B.E. Mahall, C. Wicks, J. Pankey and C. Zabinski: Ecol. Vol. 84(2003), pp.129-135.

[24] M.D. Smith, D.C. Hartnett and C.W. Rice: Soil. Biol. Biochem. Vol. 32(2000), pp.935-946.

[25] K. Gupta, J. Bishop, A. Peck, J. Brown, L. Wilson and D. Panda: Biochem. Vol. 43(2004), pp.6645-6655.

[26] S.H. Qi, Y. Xu, H.R. Xiong, P.Y. Qian and S. Zhang: World. J. Microb. Biot. Vol. 25(2009), pp.399-406.

[27] W. de Boer, L.B. Folman, P.J.A.K. Gunnewiek, T. Svensson, D. Bastviken, G. Oberg, J.C. del Rio and L. Boddy: Can. J. Microb. Vol. 56(2010), pp.380-388.

DOI: 10.1139/w10-023

[28] M. Karaman, E. Jovin, R. Malbasa, M. Matavuly and M. Popovic: Phytother. Res. Vol. 24(2010), pp.1473-1481.

[29] N.D. Paul, P.G. Ayres and L.E. Wyness: Funct. Ecol. Vol. 3(1989), pp.759-769.

[30] A.L. Paul, C. Semer, T. Kucharek and R.J. Ferl: Appl. Microb. Biot. Vol. 55(2001), 480-485.

[31] R.M. Callaway, B. Newingham, C.A. Zabinski and B.E. Mahall: Ecol. Lett. Vol. 4(2001), pp.429-433.

[32] W.W. Adams, B. Demmigadams, K. Winter and U. Schreiber: Planta. Vol. 180(1990), pp.166-174.

[33] W.M. He and M. Dong: Photosynthetica. Vol. 41(2003), pp.297-300.

[34] R.M. Callaway, G.C. Thelen, S. Barth, P.W. Ramsey and J.E. Gannon: Ecol. Vol. 85(2004), pp.1062-1071.

[35] N.C. Johnson, J.H. Graham and F.A. Smith: New. Phytol. Vol. 135(1997), pp.575-586.

[36] S.W. Simard, D.A. Perry, M.D. Jones, D.D. Myrold, D.M. Durall and R. Molina: Nature. Vol. 388(1997), pp.579-582.

DOI: 10.1038/41557

[37] M.G.A. van der Heijden, J.N. Klironomos, M. Ursic, P. Moutoglis, R. Streitwolf-Engel, T. Boller, A. Wiemken and I.R. Sanders: Nature. Vol. 396(1998), pp.69-72.

DOI: 10.1038/23932

[38] S. R. Troelstra, R. Wagenaar, W. Smant and B.A.M. Peters: New. Phytol. Vol. 150(2001): pp.697-706.

[39] L.A. Parendes and J.A. Jones: Conserv. Biol. Vol. 14(2000), pp.64-75.

[40] J. Liu, M. Dong, S.L. Miao, Z.Y. Li, M.H. Song and R.Q. Wang: Biol. Invasions. Vol. 8(2006), pp.1461-1470.