Advanced Materials Research Vols. 581-582

Abstract: Abstract: This paper is focused on the preparation of biodiesel from crude rubber seed oil with high free fatty acids (FFA) content. The rubber seeds were collected in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan province. Two-step synthesis was selected to obtain the product, that is, acid catalyzed esterification was carried out first to decrease the FFA content, then methyl esters of fatty acids can be formed by alkaline transesterification. The reaction conditions of alkaline transesterification were investigated. The results show that the optimum technique is to carry out the reaction at 60°C for 1.5h, with the methanol-to-oil molar ratio 6:1, the catalyst amount 1.0% (g NaOH/ g oil). The yield can reach 75%. GC analysis shows the content of methyl esters of fatty acids is 82.29%. Some properties of biodiesel prepared are also presented.

Abstract: Brewer’s spent grain (BSG) rich in proteins is the main by-products in brewery. BSC proteins were extracted and hydrolyzed by Alcalase. The effects of hydrolysis time, temperature, pH and amount of enzyme added on the peptide yield were investigated. Inhibition of BSG protein hydrolysate against α-glucosidase was evaluated in vitro. BSG protein hydrolysate at 4.0 mg/mL showed the inhibition of 21.42% against α-glucosidase. The BSG protein hydrolysate after ultrafiltration purification exhibited much higher inhibition than that without ultrafiltration purification. The inhibition of BSC protein hydrolysate fraction with molecular weight fraction less than 5 kDa was 56.41%.

Abstract: This paper introduced fluorite resource profiles on the basis of elaborated China fluorite resource utilization status, focusing on analysis of fluorite in the fluorine chemical industry, discusses the problems of our country in the fluorine chemical industry development and firefly stone rational use of resources and the sustainable development of China's fluorine chemical industry recommendations.

Abstract: Colloidal silicon dioxide (Aerosil) is fumed silica that has been used as gelling agents, thickening agents and filling agents. The objectives of this study were to characterize the effect of hydrophilic (aerosil 200) and hydrophobic (aerosil R972) colloidal silicon dioxide on physical properties of eudragit gels which N-methyl-pyrrolidone was employed as dispersing medium. The samples were investigated in terms of viscosity, rheology and syringeability. The results indicated that the aerosil 200 and aerosil R972 amount influenced the viscosity, rheology and syringeability of the prepared gels. Viscosity and syringeability of the systems were increased with an increased amount of both aerosils. However, the viscosity and syringeability of the prepared gels containing aerosil 200 were increased higher than that of systems containing aerosil R972. The rheological behaviors of all systems consisting aerosil 200 and R972 were non-Newtonian flow. These studies demonstrated that aerosil 200 and R972 could improve the physical properties of eudragit gels dispersed in N-methyl-pyrrolidone.

Abstract: Normal UV-spectrophotoscopy [D0] cannot determine the combined drug in the formulation due to overlapping of the absorbance of each compound hence the derivative UV-spectrophotoscopy is used to determine the combined drug simultaneously. For determination of both hydrochlorothiazide [HCT] and propranolol hydrochloride [Pro] in powder mixture and matrix tablet, the first order derivative UV-spectrophotoscopy [D1] was employed in this study. This method showed good accuracy and precision for simultaneous determination of both drugs. Recovery was 106.59% and 97.11% for Pro and HCT, respectively. Reproducibility of both drugs was found to be less than 2.5% RSD. Repeatability was less than 2.0% of both drugs. Limit of detection (LOD) was 0.10 and 0.49 μg/ml, respectively. Limit of quantification (LOQ) was 0.31 and 1.48 μg/ml, respectively. The drug dissolution was conducted either powder mix or matrix tablet prepared by molding technique. Both drugs in powder mixture showed faster release than that from the matrix tablets. As the results, the first derivative UV-spectrophotoscopy could separate the overlapped spectra of HCT and Pro either in powder mix or in matrix tablet hence it could be used to determine the mixture of these two drugs in dosage forms.

Abstract: The utilized ethanol in waste water from ethanol industry may be recovered through activated carbon adsorption and microwave desorption of the ethanol-loaded activated carbon. The flow charts for microwave desorption of ethanol-loaded activated carbon under N2 condition and vacuum condition are designed respectively. The institute parts of the desorbed vapors change when the tests are taken under vacuum condition and the system pressure affects the separation effect obviously. The quantity of ethanol in the vapors will increase when the system pressure is reduced, and this law is still right in the case of taking microwave as the heat source. The experimental results show that the ethanol-loaded activated carbon can be desorbed nearly completely after 100s when the microwave power is not weaker than 320W. After three processes of activated carbon adsorption and microwave desorption under vacuum condition, the concentration of ethanol can come up to over than 97%～98% from 4%～8%. The separation effect of microwave desorption can be enhanced when it is combined with the method of vacuum desorption. This law will be significant for the treatment of wastewater containing organic matter from industry using microwave desorption technology.

Abstract: Liquefactions have been carried out on plantation fir scrap, with allylimidazolium ionic liquids as liquefaction agent. The primary component of plantation fir was analyzed, fir scrap properties were tested in contrast to peeled fir. Single-factor experiments were employed to discuss the influential factors liquefying plantation fir scrap by ionic liquids. The results showed that the appropriate conditions of liquefaction were 80°C, 30min, and the ratio of wood to liquor was 7:1, in these conditions, the liquefaction is nearly complete.

Abstract: Emulsion copolymerization of acrylamide (AM) and cationic monomer DMC (methyl acrylacyl oxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride) was studied. A series of cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) emulsion were synthesized using Water in water emulsion polymerization. Influence of polymerization conditions such as cationic monomer (DMC) ratio, reaction time, the initiator dosage on synthetic product strengthening effect to paper pulp was studied. It was showed that the CPAM emulsion optimal synthetic conditions was that AM monomer second adding amount was 60% AM total amount, ammonium persulfate initiator and sodium hydrogen sulfite initiator dosage was 0.138g and 0.03g respectively, mass ratio of DMC and AM was 15:85, reaction time was 7 hours. When the dosage of CPAM emulsion was 1.0% to absolute dry bleached wheat straw pulp, distinct strengthening effect was acquired, tensile index and tearing index of handsheet was increased by 27.2% and 26.8% respectively.

Abstract: Objective: To study the gelation properties of glucan from Sclerotium rolfsii under the different condition. Methods: Using viscosimetric method to determine the influences of the different concentration, shear force, temperature, pH, and metal ions on the viscosity of glucan solution. Results: The viscosity of glucan solution increased with the concentration raised. The viscosity was 350 mPa.s at 0.16% and was 13927 mPa.s at 2.56% concentration, respectively. The viscosity of glucan solution varies inversely as with shear force. When the concentration was at 0.32 and 0.64%, the viscosity of the glucan solution is affected only slightly by temperature variations (8~90 °C), and remains practically constant within the range of pH from 4 to 12. When the concentration was at 0.64%, the viscosity of the glucan was affected by the addition of metallic ion as the extent Fe3+ > Ca2+ > Na+. Conclusion: The glucan from Sclerotium rolfsii will be a kind of gum used with its good processing characteristics in food field for its excellent processing properties.

Abstract: Using vanadium solution of vanadium production plants back to dissolve sediment in wastewater from vanadium precipitation，the effects of the pH value of vanadium solution, dissolution time, solution temperature on dissolving ability of vanadium solution were investigated, the research results are showed as following: with the pH=10 or more of vanadium solution, dissolution time for 18 min, solution temperature at 60°C, the dissolution of vanadium solution is strongest, the concentration of vanadium in solution increases from 29.5g/L to 65g/L or more. In addition, both composition and specific gravity of the ammonium polyvanadate (APV) are consistent with that of vanadium production plants.