Advanced Materials Research Vols. 594-597

Abstract: In order to research the influence of layout on natural ventilation，the indoor natural ventilation environment of the typical residential layout in Lishui city was simulated by using CFD method, and the influences of building openings and the wind angle were analyzed . The paper put forwards several proposals to enhance the effect of natural ventilation based on the simulation and the analysis. The results show that indoor layout including the area and ratio of the opening can influence interior ventilation,and the layout in which cross-ventilation can form is good for ventilation,and wind angle has an effect upon indoor natural ventilation in the certain layout.

Abstract: Exterior thermal insulation technology has many advantages such as light weight, good thermal insulation effect, and so on. So it is widely used in energy-saving building and existing building energy-saving renovation project all over the word. This article describes material selection, product performance and process characteristics of a new type composite phenolic wallboard which has double functions of thermal insulation and fireproofing.

Abstract: Following the wide application of ground source heat pump (GSHP) system, especially for large area ground heat exchanger (GHE), it is really necessary to have a standard calculation or assessment method to estimate the utilizable resource amount in soil around GHE. As for the GHE area, the soil works as a thermal storage actually which means it is heat gain in summer to meet the heat demands in the coming winter, and the cool energy gain in winter to be used for next summer air-conditioning. So it is really necessary to know the utilizable resource amount for better design of GSHP system and then the highly efficient operation of the system too. Hereby, a coupled heat conduction and heat advection model is introduced to simulate the performance of ground heat exchanger. Thus we can see the importance of utilizable resource amount estimation method. The reasonable resource amount estimate method is good for the scientific design, normal utilization, and high-efficient operation of GSHP system.

Abstract: In the past twenty years, many severe basement fires occurred and caused huge losses of human lives and damages to property in Taiwan. During a building fire, smoke at high temperatures and poisonous gases (such as CO) may easily spread through corridors and ventilation systems in the entire building. Therefore, protecting against the basement fires in commercial buildings is of important concern for Taiwan’s fire protection authority. This paper utilizes FDS (Fire Dynamic Simulator) to construct a computer simulation model for investigating the Cardon basement fire that occurred in Taipei (1993). The fire accident unfortunately caused tremendous property losses and heavy casualties (22 died and 7 were injured). The major important parameters of the flow field - such as speed to the spread of fire, smoke movement, upper layer temperature, and CO concentration are obtained to analyze and understand the fire dynamic characteristics. The computed results reasonably agree with post-accident reports. The simulation results obtained may be utilized to improve the better and safer designs for basement building fire protection capability. The information can also be valuable for the similar fire disaster prevention and mitigation in the future.

Abstract: The effect of fire exposure on the mechanical performance of reinforced ceramsite lightweight aggregate concrete was investigated. Two groups of beams were cast at the same time, exposed to fire at about 800 °C and then naturally cooled. The beams were tested by applying two point transverse loads incrementally. The load-deflection relationships both of bending and shear tests were recorded. For bending test, the disappearance of crack turning points in the loading curves, reduction of yielding and ultimate loads, and increase in deflection were observed. The reduction of ultimate load and increase in deflection of beams after fire in shear test were also observed. After loading test, the load-deflection relationships of main reinforcing bars and stirrups were tested to discuss the effect of fire on the reinforcing bars in beams.

Abstract: Coal seam B1 has characteristics of soft, poor air permeability, high gas content and gas pressure, therefore, there's strong outburst danger in Liangbei Coal Mine. However, the gas control in the coal with lower strength and lower permeability is still in the exploration. Depth of coal roadway is 610-750m at 11 mining area. The roadway excavating speed is seriously influenced by gas outburst, so it brings unfavorable influence to the mine. Based on the principle of relieving gas pressure in the low permeability reservoir, the shortages of existing methods are analyzed for gas control and optimization measure for gas outburst prevention, i.e. "short, flat, long, subtraction, stay, support", put forward from the view of system engineering. With the new measure, drilling efficiency increase, borehole collapse decrease, single borehole drainage scope increase, the gas control meets the requirement and the coal side is easily to be controlled. After application of the optimization technique, the roadway excavating speed is increased from 45m to 70m every month in 11mining area, and the tight situation of excavation replacement is alleviated.

Abstract: Abstract. Rock slope often happen various geological hazards, so the slope protection is very important .The paper introduces composition, working principle and advantages of safety netting system, and general situation of GBE-050 briefly. We have done rockfall test on the slope selected to GBE-050 passive protection system and used formula to calculate energy that impact flexible net from the point of A. Safety netting system has very high application value and widely used in various engineering.

Abstract: Modern autonomous systems (AUS) correspond to the current global technical standards and European principles of prevention of industrial accidents. Their construction requires a purposeful and systematic approach of investors. The paper presents an elaborated standard project of an autonomous system with ammonia as a kind of refrigerant for an ice rink. The implementation of the proposed project can make the process of warning and alerting the population in danger more effective.

Abstract: One Brillouin scattering-based distributed optical fiber sensor system for monitoring cracks of a reinforced concrete column is presented. The column specimen cracked, yielded, and crashed, as the cyclic loading on the column increased, and the entire process was monitored by the sensor system. A fine crack with an initial width of 0.02mm on the column due to the loading was successfully detected, not only its initiation, but also its accurate location. The optical fiber acts as the sensing element effectively and reliably, even when the crack width was increased 10mm. The cracks distributed over the column were successfully detected, and their identified locations agreed with visual inspection results.

Abstract: The thickness of overlaying bedrock is the main control factor of preservation, in addition, magmatic activities, different structural types and hydrogeological conditions are also control factors. Regional magmatic thermometamorphism appeared as a kind of superimposed effect on the background of deep metamorphism. Two Eastwest （EW）metamorphic belts in Shanxi tallied with the distribution of magmatic rock masses, resulting in coal seam gas exploitation and utilization bases of Yangquan and Jincheng mining areas. From gas-accumulation structural setting, closed type structures make high gas content in coal reservoir such as Qinnan, Gujiao, Xingjiashe, Dongshe areas in the Qinshui Basin, Shilou, Daning-Jixian and Sanjiao-Liulin areas in the Hedong Basin, gas content is 10-15 m³/t or even higher. There are convenient channels for coal seam gas effusion in the open structures; with lower gas content, such as Lishi mining area in Hedong Basin, Huoxi structural area in Qinshui Basin, Hunyuan, and Wutai coal districts.