Advanced Materials Research Vols. 608-609

Abstract: In this paper, the influence of additives on the wheat straw ash melting point was studied. Four kinds of Mg-based additives are added to wheat ashes, including MgCl₂•6H₂O, MgO, MgSO₄ and C₄H₆O₄Mg•4H₂O. The results show that MgO is the most effective additives, MgCl₂•6H₂O and MgSO₄ in the next place, while C₄H6_{Subscript text}O₄Mg•4H₂O makes ash melting point decreased. The effective additive amount of the MgO, MgCl₂•6H₂O and MgSO₄ are: 0.35 g/g ash, 0.5 g/g ash, 0.75 g/g ash especially.

Abstract: This paper studies on the biogas production yield of which use the lily straw as raw material and the fermentation is batch by batch at 30°C. In the third day of fermentation, fermented liquid became acidic. But it can be back to normal with the action of the anaerobic microbe. Its biogas yield is higher than the other group to adjust pH value. So gas production potential of the lily straw is 475ml/gTS and 573ml/gVS with 31 days of anaerobic digestion. The volumetric biogas production rate reaches 0.19ml/ml/d.

Abstract: Biomass is a promising energy resource, due to it is renewable and potentially zero carbon dioxide emissions. Biomass gasification is a major technical option to produce syngas, syngas can be further used as feedstock to product heat and power or bio-gasoline. A lot of research works have been made in biomass-derived syngas production for many years. In this paper, the state-of-the-art biomass-derived syngas production technologies in terms of technical performance are summarized. Many kinds of gasifier types are briefly stated.

Abstract: Tung oil from the south of Shaanxi province was assayed by chemical analysis technology, its compositions of fatty acid was discovered with gas chromotography. As experiment results, Lipase-catalyzed Tung oil producing biodiesel plays a dominant role in the process of enzymatic synthesis of biodiesel in tert-butanol reaction system.we needed controlling the continuous flow rate in the reaction system and maintained a very high FAMEs yield. Tung oil from south Shaanxi could be an ideal raw material for biodiesel production.

Abstract: In response to the deposition problem in biomass-fired boiler, inert addictive was tested to inhibit the possibility of coking. The deposition samples collected from final and primary superheater of biomass-fired CFB (circulating fluidized bed) boiler were grinded into fine powder. The inhibitive ability of additive was tested by mixing the deposition sample with different proportions of inhibitor under high temperature. By means of scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and other analytical procedures, the properties of the samples with inhibitor such as microstructure, composition were studied. The inhibitor was also introduced to the industrial biomass CFB boiler to verify its inhibition effect on superheater deposition. Unfortunately, the effect of adding inhibitor in industrial boiler is not certain, though the inhibitor added to the samples is obviously effective in weakening coking in the laboratory scope.

Abstract: In order to study the influence of temperature and total solid on biogas components of thermostatic anaerobic fermentation of cattle dung, three parallel anaerobic digesters of 11.5L of three group were operated in batch mode at temperature of 30°C,37°C and 52°C respectively and real-time analysises were carried out to determine the biogas composition with Biogas Check. When the temperature was the same, total solid (TS) which was 8% was the good choice for anaerobic fermentation, while the TS was same,37°C was the choose to get the maximum yield of the methane production, the cumulative methane production was 12.56L/TS,and the average methane content of the percentage by volume was 53.59%.This study could provide useful parameters for the anaerobic fermentation of cow dung.

Abstract: Biomass can be converted to a variety of fuels and chemicals by different technologies, one of them is fast pyrolysis which offers a convenient way to convert biomass mainly into a liquid product known as bio-oil. Bio-oils must be upgraded if they are to be used as a replacement for diesel and gasoline fuels. This review presents a summary of recent research in catalysts which were used in biomass pyrolysis, focusing on the catalysts applied, upgrading methods and reaction mechanisms.

Abstract: One fiber laser CH₄ detection system based on the spectrum absorption is provided. The system has the advantages such as high accuracy, fast response and highly specific and so on. But the absorption coefficient of the methane and the characteristic of the electronic and optic device are all affected by the temperature. So the test value has interdependency to the environment temperature. In this paper, we give the measure principle of the detector and the analyses of the data which last one month uninterrupted. And then the temperature compensate was introduced to improve the performance of the detector.

Abstract: In order to meet the needs of industrial mass production,people began to explore the effect on different modes to ethanol fermentation.Ethanol fermentation with energy beet was done by using batch fermentation and continuous fermentation.Results showed that batch fermentation was better than continuous mode,but its technology was cockamamie.The residual glucose content in fermenting mash was high when fermentation was continuous.And the fermentation was halfway.But continuous fermentation was convenient for industrialization producing.Although the residual glucose content in continuous fermentation mode was high through 0.06 h-1 sugar concentration,the last translation rate of ethanol was high.

Abstract: Biomass energy, a kind of new energy like solar energy and wind energy, is always highly acclaimed globally. The development of China’s biomass energy industry has the following benefits: improve land utilization rate and promote positive cycle of ecosystems in China; improve rural energy utilization efficiency and promote sustainable development of rural economy; develop low-carbon economy and protect the environment; and address energy crisis and guarantee national energy security. However, problems existing in the development of China’s biomass energy industry hamper further development of this industry. This paper summarizes the five problems existing in the development of biomass energy industry development and offers corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.