Advanced Materials Research Vols. 610-613

Abstract: According to the actual condition of farmland cultivation, rainfall, soil texture and so on, to correct the calculation methods of NO₃^--N vertical movement in SWAT model, and setup a NO3--N vertical movement model that is suitable for Liangwanghe river catchment, the model was used to simulate the mass of soil NO3--N leaching of farmland surface and compare with the observation value. The result illustrated that simulation value is evident correlativity with groundwater NO₃^--N increasing value at the same time segment. It indicated the model that was setup is right.

Abstract: The paper introduces the port cluster's concept and the main five port clusters of China, including Bohai Bay, Yangtze River Delta, Southeast ports, the Pearl River Delta and Southwest port clusters. And then the problems of China’s port clusters are discussed. Disorderly competition between and within the port clusters is gradually strengthened, and the port position and division is not clear. The government lacks coordination. Finally, to sovle these problems this paper presents a series of development countermeasures. For example, give full play to the planning and coordination role of the Government; Carry out different management according to the respective advantages of the port; Set up the Port alliances; Strengthen the port financing and establish a public information platform, etc.

Abstract: Invasive aquatic species discharged through ship ballast water is one of the most serious problems posed nowadays in the marine environment. Inactivation effect on microalgae by combined PEF and engine waste heat pretreatment was studied. Effect factors such as pulsed peak voltage, pulsed frequency, electrode gap and heating temperature were explored, and its mechanism of inactivate the microalgae was analyzed. The results show that at the same experimental parameters, the inlet temperature of PEF treatment stage keeps at 24°C, the inactivation percentage is difficult to achieve 90% unless the electric field strength rises to 22 kV/cm. Once the PEF treatment sample is preheated to 48°C, the inactivation percentage will be up to 99% as the electric field strenth is just 10 kV/cm.

Abstract: One of the important features of urbanization is the replacement of the original natural soil and vegetation by impermeable pavements, resulting in the changes of the permeability of natural soil and vegetation and bringing a series of ecological future trouble. Since the hard urban pavement occupies a considerably percentage of the whole area, its ecological environmental effect plays a very important role in the overall ecological environment of the city. As a result, the application of permeable pavements is an effective way to solve the problem of urban pavement ecological environment. This paper analyzed the environmental benefits of the permeable pavement and proposed the principles and technical measures about ecology regression of pavement. The measures contain maintaining the permeability of the water penetrate paths, establishing the criterion of the design and construction for penetrative pavements, improving the maintain technologies and so on.

Abstract: In this paper, the evolution of concept in protection and regulations in Chinese modern architectural heritage of was glimpsed through the analysis on the concepts of “Antiquities “and “Renowned Sites and Ancient Traces ". The two parts are as follows: a) the evolution of “Antiquities “and “Renowned Sites and Ancient Traces "b) conversion of protection type in no-mobile heritage from a single shift to diversification.

Abstract: Ecological compensation mechanism is an important guarantee of the protection and restoration of mine ecological environment, and accuracy and feasibility of compensation standard is the key for the establishment of ecological compensation mechanism. Based on the literature review and the regional ecological compensation mechanism practice, this paper summarized the domestic and foreign research progress of ecological compensation in mining area and pointed out some problems existing in the field, and then suggested that principle of landscape planning, geographic information technology as well as the compensation standard conversion factor should be used comprehensively to solve the problem from the perspectives of calculation method, data acquisition means and the concept of compensation standards.

Abstract: Evaluation of management effectiveness is a very crucial aspect behind the management of every successful Marine Protected Area (MPA). It gives broader understanding of the management progress, how effective the management has been and what can be done to improve management performance. The paper evaluates the management effectiveness of Bunaken National Park (BNP) management performance from 2004 to 2009. Moreover, seeing that the past evaluation framework in BNP is inadequate to assess broader issues BNP is currently facing, this paper proposes a different evaluation framework that could better fit BNP’s current condition and provide deeper assessment to help understand BNP’s overall management effectiveness in greater detail. The evaluation was conducted in the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) framework which assesses six good management elements (context, planning, input, processes, outputs, and outcomes). The results highlighted a range of management problems in BNP, including poor management planning, lack of management intervention and inadequate monitoring. The paper provides insights on how essential management elements that are often neglected in management practices could affect overall management performance.

Abstract: Wetland is a special terraqueous ecosystem. Wetland ecosystem is an important carbon pool in the world and the carbon stored in which accounts for 15% of the total terrestrial carbon storage. Carbon cycling in wetlands largely affected global carbon cycling and also possibly global climatic change. Carbon cycle model of wetland has been changed by human disturbance is increased which exert a profound and lasting influence upon global change. Some researches show that wetland restoration and reconstruction are helpful to carbon accumulation and GHG reduction. So, through analyze the effect of human disturbance on carbon cycling in wetland, a necessary scientific basis is provided for the study of the effect of wetland on global change.

Abstract: As the Taoist culture contains extremely abundant thoughts about ecological protection, this paper is intended to discuss the thoughts of ecological protection manifested in Taoist culture only from the universe philosophy view of “the law of the Tao is its being what it is”, the life care view of “attaching importance to life and cherishing life”, the ecological balance view of “nature, earth & human beings living in peace with each other”, the harmonious universe view of “nature & human being in harmony”. The discussion expects to enlighten human beings to absorb valuable ecological wisdom from Taoist thoughts about ecological protection and accomplish their transformation and recreation in modern sense.

Abstract: To find low carbon heating measures in swine farms in Beijing China, A study of swine houses with area of 920 m² in swine farms in Beijing China was conducted and economic performance, emission reduction of ground-coupled heat pump (GCHP) heating system, coal fired heating system and other heating systems were analyzed and compared. The results showed that the initial investment of ground-coupled heat pump system was more than that of the coal fired heating system, the relative running cost of the heating systems of ground-coupled heat pump, coal fired, electricity resistance and natural gas was 0.86, 1.00, 3.17 and 1.22, respectively. CO₂ avoidances of GCHP heating systems were 57% and 73%, respectively, compared with conventional coal fired heating system and electricity resistance heating.