Advanced Materials Research Vols. 610-613

Abstract: The establishment techniques for drawf Broussonetia papyrifera fodder forest were present and performed in order to reduce the labor cost and increase the economic benefits, and further the leaf production was estimated based on the field observation. Guided by the dwarfing techniques for B. papyrifera tree, the tree can be dwarfed through tip and lateral branch pruning at the planting year. The optimized tree form after dwarfing is a clumped form with about 1.5m height and about 2m×1m crown width. This tree form facilitates subsequent leaf collecting and further improves the work efficiency. The leaf of dwarf Broussonetia papyrifera fodder forest can be collected six times per year, and the leaf productivity can be reach over 100×103kg fresh weight per hectare.

Abstract: due to the disordering and robbing exploration, the development of natural medicinal plant resources is facing severe habitat and social environment pressure that may touch the law in the process of getting raw materials from plants. Based on the above problems, to develop and enhance the distribution census about the new medicinal plant resources is a good way to cope with the resource shortages. In addition, for the validated medicinal plants, the scaled and standardized production is also an effective mean. Moreover, we should also have the whole dynamic management about the standardized production. That is to say, we should choose the excellent genetic resources, consider the regional characteristics, complete the gardens environment evaluation, grasp the best harvest time and strengthen the detection of the pesticide residues and heavy metal.

Abstract: Forest fire identification by infrared thermal imager has beening a new research trend. However, currently the most algorithms of forest fire identification are usually designed based on the process designer’s experiences. Unfortunately, few researches on the efficiency of those algorithms have been developed when they were used to identify field forest fire. The response of inchoate forest fire identification algorithm by infrared thermal imager was investigated in this study according to different field testing times and scales. The results show that compare means appears more stability when using it to detect fire within it eliminates most interferences but also meets the requirement of long-space detecting, compared to other two methods.

Abstract: Three forest stands, i.e., natural secondary broadleaved mixed stand, 3-year-old eucalypt stand and 1-year-old eucalypt stand, were selected for study in Dongguan, south China, for forest carbon accounting and evaluation. The results showed that forest tree carbon stocks for the three stands were 85.6745 t, 17.5570 t, and 6.5469 t for broadleaved mixed stand, 3-year-old eucalypt stand, and 1-year-old eucalypt stand, respectively, while the forest soil carbon stocks for the three forest stands in a descending order were: 3-year-old eucalypt stand (97.0984 t), 1-year-old eucalypt forest stand (96.7272 t), and broadleaved mixed forest (84.6288 t), respectively. Using a carbon tax criterion, we evaluate the monetary benefit of carbon stock for each forest stand, with the broadleaved forest stand having the highest total value. This study suggested that the perennial broadleaved forest stand has significant advantage over 1-year or 3-year-old eucalypt stands in biomass carbon stocks, however, eucalypt stands have great potentials in soil carbon stock due to more organic material return from litter.

Abstract: Floristic composition of the evergreen broadleaved forest in Maofengshan, Liantang, and Baiyunshan in Guangzhou suburban areas, was analyzed based on community survey data. Field survey indicated that the community was rich in species diversity, with 101 families of vascular plants including 203 genera and 351 species. Dominant families of the flora were Rubiacea, Euphorbiaceae, Lauraceae, Moraceae, Papilionaceae, and Rutaceae, most of which are of tropical and subtropical nature. As for generic distribution, dominant geographical elements were tropical genera (74.38%) and temperate genera (13.79%), the Pan-tropic areal-type had the majority of genera (27.59%), followed by Tropical Asia and Old World Tropics, while typical tropical genera were rare. Floristic composition of the evergreen broadleaved forest community in Guangzhou suburbs and the characteristic family of the flora epitomizes the zonal flora, which will provide scientific foundation for stand rehabilitation and stand establishment approximating the natural forest community. This study also had important significance of urban greening in Guangzhou.

Abstract: Forest resources are one of the most important resources which men are survival of. We studied sustainable development tactics of regional forest resources . Volume model, describing the growing process of a tree, was built to establish the relationship between the age of grown up and the age of grow stagnation; also 1-D dynamic discrete model was established, considering the characteristic of number of trees in different ages in the condition that there is only a single kind of tree in the forest firstly; then multidimensional dynamic discrete model was formulated, providing the best felling policy that can meet lumber demand and have better age of stand structure. The simulation results show that the age of stand structure finally reach steadiness in one million hectares. Regional forest achieve sustainable development.

Abstract: Spatiotemporal heterogeneity in SWC within 0-20 cm (upper layer) and 20-40 cm (lower layer) in a Pinus koraiensis-dominated broadleaved mixed forest gap in Xiao Xing’an Mountains of NE China was analyzed by using classical statistics and geographical statistics. The results indicated that the variation regularity in SWC within 0-20 cm was different from that within 20-40 cm during the growing season, the difference in SWC between the two layers reached significant level at P<0.01; the variability degree in SWC within every layer fell into medium variation. Spatiotemporal heterogeneity in SWC occurred with different degree during the study period. Autocorrelative spatial heterogeneity in SWC constituted the main part of total SWC heterogeneity. For SWC spatial distribution within different layer, the patches at medium and lower ranks dominated in forest gap, the patches at higher rank only distributed within 0-20 cm.

Abstract: In order to improve the survival rate of cutting propagation of Magnolia officinalis subsp. biloba (Rehd,et Wils.) Law. and speed up the application of its superior clones, the research studied on cutting experiment of the superior clones. The semi-wood branches were processed with different types of hormones, different concentrations, different soaking time and different mediums. Through singer-factor experiments，better impact factors were selected in the research, then designing orthogonal test, in order to obtain the optimum cutting formula. The results showed that: immersed in the solution of KIBA with concentration of 1000 mg•L-1 for 30min, in late August or early September, with the medium of peat soil: perlite: yellow sand (1:1:1) was the best formula, and the rooting rate was up to 94.4% in 90d.

Abstract: There are lots of problems in coal flotation reagents. For example, it is difficult to disperse in coal pulp, it needs a large consumption, and its selectivity is poor. So this paper refers that kerosene can be made into compound kerosene by using different chemical products and surfactants, and then used for coal flotation. Tests proved that when the ST-1 Complex Reagent dosage is 500g/t, kerosene dosage is 900g/t, clean coal ash consistent is the same, and clean coal yield is closed, collector dosage saved 44.44%, and the fastest floating speed of clean coal is 99.3g/min, 4.8g/min fast than kerosene, Zeta potential is-28.9409mv after kerosene effect, Zeta potential is -13.2555mv after ST-1 Complex Reagent effect.

Abstract: In this paper, the effect of hemicellulase treatment on the properties of bagasse and treatment liquor was investigated, and the chemical components of bagasse after optimized hemicellulase treatment were compared with those of wet-stored bagasse. The research results showed that small molecular sugar and lignin in bagasse were dissolved in hemicellulase treatment process, and most of the sugar was non reducing sugar. The lignin dissolution rate of hemicellulase treatment was twice as much as that of wet storage, and hemicellulase treatment had relatively smaller effect on carbohydrate, especially to cellulose. In addition, the improving effect of bagasse properties with pulpzyme HC treatment was better than that of Nz51024 treatment.