Advanced Materials Research Vols. 610-613

Abstract: An anoxic-oxic activated sludge process (AOASP) was carried out to degrade nonylphenol polyethoxylates (NPEOs). The carbon source in influent was replaced stepwise by a mixture of nonylphenol decaethoxylate (M-NP10EO). The 2nd-derivative UV-spectrometry was applied to determine the total amount of M-NP10EO in water samples. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency achieves about 85% under the highest M-NP10EO loading rate, and M-NP10EO removal efficiency is about 80%. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) results of activated sludges show that the microbe species decrease but gradually stabilize with the increase of M-NP10EO concentration in influent. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) results of activated sludges showe that the dominant microflora under the highest M-NP10EO loading rate is β-Proteobacteria (35%), followed by α-Proteobacteria (15%), γ-Proteobacteria (5%) and Actinobateria (4%).

Abstract: Appropriate seeding medium was chosen in the paper : potatoes 50g , wood chips25g, glucose10g, peptone5g, KH2PO41.0g, MgSO4 0.5g, Vitamin B1 a little, 500ml water. wood chips 80％, Bran 17％, Gypsum powder 2％, Sucrose 1％, Feed-water ratio 1：1. Pholiota adipose was cultured at 15°C-18°C, relative moisture 60%-80% for 15-25days. The spore of Pholiota adipose was mutagenesis with Nitrite，5minutes，Nitrite 0.1mol/L，Strong ability to obtain mycelium of Pholiota adipose. The strain mutagenesis by 0.05mol / L sodium nitrite could grow mutagenicity colony, When sodium nitrite concentration was higher than 0.1mol / L, the mycelium of Pholiota adipose began to dissolve.

Abstract: With the advancement of meteorology modernization, automatic weather station had become an important means of atmospheric sounding. Collecting data and information security were basic requirements for meteorological monitoring and forecasting. When lightning struck large scale and very large scale integrated circuits, the automatic station can be damaged or its data collector can be interrupted. Two-level SPD lightning protection system and three-level ferrite lightning protection system can compensate for the lack of lightning protection board and power protector. MATLAB simulation analysis shows that the three level lightning protection circuits with ferrite are better than the two level SPD circuits in guaranteeing the automatic station operation. Putting the ferrite rings around the power lines or communication lines, along with the common lightning protection devices, can make the load terminal voltage limit to 500V. The lightning current is significantly reduced by using the simple method in the collector.

Abstract: A anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) with an effective volume of 28.7 L was adopted, and the hydrogen production efficiency was investigated with diluted molasses as the substrate. Using a mixture of aerobic and anaerobic activated sludge, the ABR was start-up with a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 24 h and 35°C. When the influent chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration was gradually increased from 500 mg/L to 6000 mg/L after a 63-day operation, the ABR kept a steady state. The increase of influent COD concentration, from 6000 mg/L to 8000 mg/L stage by stage, had the remarkable changes on the fermentative system. The ethanol-type fermentation was formed in the first three compartments, while butyric acid-type fermentation in the 4th compartment. In the steady stage at the influent COD of 8000 mg/L, the biogas (H2) yield was found 61.54 L/d (12.85 L/d) while specific H2 production rate of the activated sludge was 48 L/kgMLVSS∙d. Although the ABR system accumulated hydrogen-producing acetogen, due to the hydrogen-consuming bacteria (methanogen and homoacetogenic bacteria), the hydrogen production efficiency was badly inhibited.

Abstract: The present study provides results describing the degradation performance of ciprofloxacin antibiotic via Fenton treatment. The effect of reaction conditions including the initial pH value, and dosages of ferrous ions and hydrogen peroxide on ciprofloxacin and COD removal was investigated. Ciprofloxacin removal efficiency of more than 90% was achieved under optimum reaction conditions of pH value of 2, dosages of 0.75 mmol/L of ferrous ion, and 2.0 mmol/L of hydrogen peroxide after 10min. However, the change of COD in aqueous solution was not obvious and further study about intermediate products during oxidation process should be carried out in the future.

Abstract: Lactic acid was fermented from glycerol under condition of 37oC, pH 7 and varying glycerol concentration range of 10-85 g L-1 using 3 different pure cultures, Lactobacillus leichmanii, Lactobacillus delbrueckii, and Corynebacterium glutamicum. In 45 g L-1 glycerol–containing MRS medium, L. delbrueckii and L. leichmanii produced maximum lactic concentration of 32.6 and 23.5 g L-1, respectively. Concentration of lactic acid increased with the increase of glycerol concentration range of 0-45 g L-1. No lactic acid was produced at glycerol greater than 45 g L-1.

Abstract: In order to spread more applications, decomposition characteristics of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution were investigated in this paper. Research results indicate that the attack of charged particles such as OH- and HO2- leads to H2O2 decomposition. HO2¬- is vital reactive intermediate, which was mainly from neutral reaction of H2O2 with NaOH. The decomposition is considered as pseudo-two-order kinetics, and the reaction rate constant depended on decomposition temperature and solution pH. The apparent average activation energy is 51.92 kJ•mol-1 when the initial NaOH concentration is 1mol•L-1 and solution pH is 10.5.

Abstract: The purpose of current study was to examine the ability of electrocoagulation in decreasing chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total suspended solid (TSS) constituted in palm oil mill effluent. Bench-scale batch reactor containing two aluminum or steel plates (10 cm width × 30 cm height with 0.1 cm thickness) serving as electrodes with the interval distance of 3 cm was set up. The wastewater with COD concentration of 68,425 mg L-1 was treated in the reactor under the varied direct currents (0.3-1.3 A) and contact time (30-120 min). Sodium chloride was added to the wastewater to obtain the final concentration of 2 g L-1 (conductivity of 10 ms) prior to being fed into the reactor. The results showed that higher treatment efficiency when the aluminum was used as electrodes compared to the steel. COD removal efficiency was directly proportional to the contact time. The maximum COD and TSS removal observed at 1.3 A current input and 60 min contact time are 74.1 and 77.0%, respectively.

Abstract: Iron chemical-biological process was widely applied in desulfurization and hydrometally. 9K medium is used usually in this process. However, 9K medium is regarded as an optimal medium for suspended A. ferrooxidans culture. Iron oxidation rate is slow and some precipitation would be formed when the medium is used in this process. In this paper, a novel liquid mixture for iron chemical-biological process was reported: (NH4)2SO4 1 g/L, K2HPO4 0.2 g/L, KCl 0.15、iron 17 g/L with initial pH 1.8. A verification test indicated that Fe2+ oxidation rate was 6.1 g/(L•h), which was better than the results obtained in previous experiments. At the same time the precipitation formed is very small compared with all the experiments. So the liquid mixture may apply in this chemical-biological process better.

Abstract: A new pharmaceutical for water treatment will be introduced in our paper.The pharmaceutical was prepared with polypropylene amide and nano-Fe3O4 synthesized by co-precipitation. For dealing with simulated wastewater of high turbidity, the water treatment effect of this nano-Fe3O4 coagulation complex ligand was compared with that using simply nano-Fe3O4. The result showed that the new pharmaceutical has a better treatment effect on simulated wastewater of high turbidity with removal efficiency can reach up to 96.7% while the dosages of nano-Fe3O4 and polypropylene amide were 0.3g and 0.05mg respectively.