Advanced Materials Research Vols. 616-618

Abstract: The driving cycles employed to measure the emissions from automotive vehicles should adequately represent the real-world driving pattern of the vehicle to provide the most realistic estimation of emissions levels. The driving cycles used for light-duty gasoline engine vehicles in China were reviewed in this paper firstly. Then the impact of various factors, such as driving behaviors, driving conditions, road conditions, traffic conditions, on real-world emission levels were analyzed. Finally, the shortages of the existing driving cycles were pointed out. It can be concluded that the emissions levels from automotive vehicles are underestimated because of the characteristics of the existing drive cycles, so it is urgent to research and develop new driving cycles to fit the situation of China.

Abstract: According to the historical data of renewable energy production and cumulative production in U.S., this paper forecasted the trend of its production after 2011. First, changes of the historical U.S. renewable energy production were analyzed. Second, growth cycle of production was confirmed based on the above analysis, and phrased production forecast was given by power fitting curve. Third, this paper presented the non-phased production forecast by the second fitting equation calculated from the ratio of production and cumulative production. Through comparing the scenarios of phased prediction and non-phased forecast, to the renewable energy production forecast released by the U.S. Department of Energy, we concludes that average curve of standard and low scenarios is more in line, and the non-phased forecast can draw the range of future production changes. Finally, impact of U.S. renewable energy development on China is studied in the discussion of the results.

Abstract: This study analyzes the ecological effects of energy efficiency improvement for coal utilization during urbanization in China by a hybrid computable general equilibrium model. Firstly, the impacts of energy efficiency and industrial technology upgrading on total coal consumption and coal consumption intensity during the period from 2002 to 2030 are examined. Then the ecological benefits of energy efficiency related technology progress for coal utilization are also estimated. Simulation results show that resource input saving has absolutely more ecological benefits than emissions reduction for energy efficiency improvement of coal utilization in China.

Abstract: This article provides an overview of building energy consumption in definition, role and significance of the database, the database development and database features, and propose a structural framework of building energy consumption database, then prospect outlook database study on building energy consumption.

Abstract: Our country has incorporated the target of low-carbon into the development of planning of the 12th Five-year Plan, which fully shows that low-carbon society is the inevitable and necessary road of the present social development. The paper discusses on the shortcomings of the low-carbon clothing market at present, makes some suggestions on how to enlarge share of the low-carbon market, and has certain value.

Abstract: Using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation(FCE), from road transport enterprise organization system, vehicle technology management, road condition, organization and scheduling, energy saving and emission reduction targets and energy saving and emission reduction technology promote six aspects to carry on the evaluation, and useing an example to explain it. This will have important significance to the road transport enterprises in energy-saving emission reduction work.

Abstract: According to Input-Output table portraying the conduction path of carbon footprint among industries, and define the impact of the energy sources industry for other industries on carbon emissions, the paper provide specific and workable methods for energy saving and emission reduction. Constructing the input-output model of carbon footprint of Henan Province by Input-Output method based on the energy consumption data. Using input coefficient, output coefficient and the method of triangulation, identify conduction path of carbon footprint of the energy sources industry among industries in Henan Province. According to the analysis of energy industry in Henan province, the paper introduces the characteristic of carbon emissions of the energy industry and Put forward the ideas of energy conservation and emission reduction taking the energy industry as the breakthrough point.

Abstract: The absorption of carbon dioxide into aqueous blends of MEA and MDEA is studied in a stirred-cell reactor. The absorption characteristics of MEA and MDEA are compared and the impact of different ratios of MEA to MDEA, MEA and MDEA concentrations on absorption rates and absorption efficiency are researched. The results indicate that small addition of MEA into MDEA could increase greatly absorption rates and efficiency and strengthen mass transfer; and under the condition of fixed MEA concentration, the larger the MDEA concentration, the better the activation effect.

Abstract: Energy consumption for today's transport airports is a complex system by a number of factors, and the research on energy efficiency assessment methods for transport airports is still in the initial stage at present. Energy efficiency evaluation index system for transport airports has been established. Analytic Hierarchy Process and Grey Correlation Analysis is applied to make a comprehensive evaluation to the energy consumption of transport airports. As a result, the potential for sustainable development of the airports has been dig out and some viable energy-saving measures has been found out.

Abstract: In allusion to some methods on desalination of brackish water such as distillation, electrodialysis method and reverse osmosis, this paper introduced the mechanism, advantages and disadvantages of these methods. It is convinced that these methods have higher energy consumption. Temperature is much lower annually in alpine region of China, it provides a good condition for hydrate formation. It also provides the possibility for the desalinating process of brackish water using hydrate methods in alpine region. This paper proposed a new method of desalinating brackish water. Based on the model of van der Waals-Platteeuw, we calculated the phase equilibrium conditions of methane, ethane and propane hydrate in NaCl solution combined parameter equation which was used to calculate the Langmuir constant presented by DU Ya and GUO Tian-min and Pitzer equation used to water activity in the system of electrolyte solution. The result shows that it is possible to desalinate brackish water using environment cold quantity. It also shows that propane is more suitable for brackish water desalination among methane, ethane and propane. It is very significantly important to seek energy-saving and environment-friendly methods for the process of desalinating brackish water with energy shortage increasingly intensifying and with awareness of human being enthancing on energy conservation and emission reduction.