Advanced Materials Research Vols. 652-654

Abstract: A significant correlation was obtained between corrosion inhibition efficiency and the molecular structure of ascorbic acid, using the Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship (QSAR) approach based on a multivariate nonlinear regression technique. It is proposed that inhibitor molecules attach to iron surface by means of chemical adsorption. The considerations leading to this assumption were confirmed by ATR FTIR spectroscopy.

Abstract: The experiment introduce the performance of orange oil cleanser containing natural orange oil, sodium dodecyl sulfate, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and alcohol that selected in the best ratio by uniform experimental design method, using the stiring-emulsification method to make a cleanser solution of compounded system at normal temperature, and measured the surface tension. We found that with the content of sodium dodecyl sulfate and alcohol increasing, the surface tension reduced significantly, the cleaning effect improved too. The orange oil cleanser with best formula of sodium dodecyl sulfate -14.2 (mass ratio), fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether -2.7(mass ratio), Ethanol-5.1(mass ratio), 22 in total, orange oil-10 ml, contributing the surface tension of 17.8 can be completely biodegraded.

Abstract: The primary hydroxyl groups of Starch Oxidized by nitric acid to the corresponding carboxylic acids has been investigated. The structure of the Oxidized-Starch(OS) was characterized by FT-IR, 1HNMR and GPC. The predicated product was obtained from the results. Its application in calcium complexing capacity has been discussed. The calcium complexing capacity of OS may up to 119.39 mg/g. The data confirmed that the starch oxidized by nitric acid had excellent capacity of calcium complexing.

Abstract: An investigation was undertaken regarding the removal chromium ions and turbidity from aqueous solutions by crosslinked starch-graft-polyacrylamide-co-Sodium xanthate (CSAX) containing acylamino、carboxyl and xanthogen groups, which were prepared by grafting copolymerization of crosslinked corn starch, acrylamide (AM), and sodium xanthate in aqueous solution. The performances of CSAX in wastewater treatment were evaluated by flocculation experiment. The effects of the pH of the wastewater were considered. The results show that the CSAX was successfully synthesized with the functions of removing both turbidity and chromium ions from aqueous solution. The highest removal Cr(Ⅵ) took place at pH 2, while the highest removal Cr(Ⅲ) at pH 5. The subsection flocculation process was beneficial to remove both Cr(Ⅵ) and Cr(Ⅲ) synchronously. Cr(Ⅲ) and turbidity have a cooperative removal effect with each other in the process of treating wastewater containing both chromium ions and turbidity.

Abstract: Al and S co-doped TiO2 (S-Al-TiO2) mesoporous materials as a kind of visible light photo- catalysts are prepared using pyridine as a template through a solid state reaction route. The materials features are characterized by the advanced instruments. The photodegradation kinetic of paclobutra- zol is investigated. It is shown that the doping of S and Al could effectively inhibit the growth of anatase TiO2, both S and Al have entered into the lattice of TiO2. Surface area of 81.3m2/g and narrow pore size distribution (~2.1nm) are presented, it not only enables the visible-light absorption but also promotes photocatalytic property of paclobutrazol. Moreover, within 150 min of visible-light irradiation, the photocatalytic degradation of paclobutrazol approximately follows an order kinetics, and the photodegradation rate in 46.7% and reaction rate constant of 0.00414 min-1 are obtained.

Abstract: This laboratory-scale study explored the use of rice husk ash (RHA) as absorbent to stabilize and solidify the simulated agricultural cultivation wastewater. Various factors including the shaking time, solution pH, the dosage of absorbents and the temperature of the heating were taken into account and promising results obtained. The results showed that the RHA at 300°C of heating temperature has a better efficiency on the removal of COD and NH₃-N. The initial solution PH of 5~6 was most favorable for COD and NH3-N removal. The removal rate of COD and NH3-N is nearly 25% and 18% respectively under the conditions of the pH=5.5, shaking time of 30 minutes and quality of RHA of 6.0g. The results suggested that absorption treatment of simulated agricultural cultivation wastewater with RHA is an effective method to remove the COD and NH₃-N.

Abstract: In this experiment, preparation of samples were based on original ratio of bauxite matrix Al₂O₃-SiC-C castable for iron tap channel, and partial bauxites of size 8-5 mm, 5-3 mm, 3-1 mm and 2O₃-MgO-C ladle bricks, respectively. Effects of recycling ladle lining materials on phase composition and microstructure of Al₂O₃-SiC-C castable for iron runner were investigated by XRD, SEM and EDS. The results showed that new phases SiO₂ and (Mg_0.804Ca_0.196)₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃ were formed in the castable at 1450 oC in air atmosphere, and the spherical (Mg_0.804Ca_0.196)₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃ was formed on external surface of recycling Al₂O₃-MgO-C particle. thereinto, SiC oxidation to formed SiO₂ with flow pattern character was key element of the phase (Mg_0.804Ca_0.196)₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃ formation. The more fine and uniform of recycling Al₂O₃-MgO-C particles, the more spherical (Mg_0.804Ca_0.196)₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃ was formed in recycling Al₂O₃-SiC-C castable. Internal structure of theirs samples exhibited looser state with content increasing of recycling ladle lining materials.

Abstract: In this experiment, preparation of samples were based on original ratio of bauxite matrix Al₂O₃-SiC-C castable for iron runner, and partial bauxites of size 8-5 mm, 5-3 mm, 3-1 mm and 2O₃-MgO-C materials from spent ladle bricks, respectively. Effects of particle size and content of the recycled materials on sintering performance of the castable were investigated. The sintering performance was analyzed by measuring apparent porosity, room temperature flexural strength, room temperature pressure strength and high temperature flexural strength. The results showed that the apparent porosity of the samples overall tended to increase with content of the recycling materials increasing, while room temperature flexural strength, room temperature pressure strength and high temperature flexural strength of the samples reduced gradually. 8-5mm and 5-3 mm particle of 5%-15% the recycling Al₂O₃-MgO-C materials was more suitable for the preservation of high temperature flexural strength and room temperature strength of the samples than 3-1 mm and < 0.074 mm particle.

Abstract: In this study, we choose TiO2 as photocatalysis, and to deal with low concentration chlorobenzene-containing wastewater under the shining of ultraviolet light. Temperature, pH and flux have be inspected. The following conclusion is according to the experiment result: When chlorobenzene's concentration deciding for 50mg/L and TiO2's concentration is 1.0g/L , it is better to get the optimum parameter: temperature is 60°C, flux is 100L/h and in acidic condition.

Abstract: This study investigates the leaching behavior of hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) from both industrial electric arc furnace steel slag and steel slag modified with up to 2% wt Cr2O3. The study was performed with European standard batch leaching test for 15 days and the lixiviant used were alkaline, de-ionized and rain water. The experimental work was also complimented with slag characterization using XRF, XRD and SEM/EDX analysis. After 15 days, Cr (VI) was found to be highest in rain water (0.016 mg/L) and lowest in de-ionized water (0.002 mg/L). With more Cr2O3 in EAF slag, more Cr will leach out based on the 2% wt Cr2O3 addition. Besides the lixiviant used, slag stirring speed and liquid to solid ratio also affect the dissolution of Cr (VI). With up to 2 wt % Cr2O3 in EAF slag, Cr (VI) dissolution was still lower than the threshold of 0.1 mg/L set by USEPA for public water systems. The analysis also indicated that the relative amounts of soluble basic and acidic oxides in the slag will affect the dissolution of Cr (VI).