Advanced Materials Research Vols. 726-731

Abstract: The model of artificial wetland is designed using the data of hydrology and water quality, to analyze influence of estuary wetland on water environmental capacity in Yangguan-river. The change of concentration of COD and TN is simulated by inputting the model to FEFLOW software. Environmental capacity is calculated on condition that sewage plant is discharging upstream. The result shows that, water quality and environmental capacity are improved by wetland. Environmental capacity of COD can meet the water quality target, but TN cant meet the target because of the high background concentration. This conclusion can be used to formulate or modify the environmental protection and plan.

Abstract: On the basis of the study of sediment types and dynamic partition zones of heavy minerals assemblage, silt transport tendency in Beidai River coastal sediment are discussed. According to the outcome of analysis of 47 samples of the heavy minerals in Beidai River coastal sediment, it is shown that: (1) there are three heavy minerals epidote, amphibole and iron that were rich in mineral content; (2) light and heavy mineral separation was better, the distribution of which showed a clear saddle shape, and two kinds of high minerals and low showed a pattern of alternate distribution; (3) the general trend of silt transport in Nandai River estuary mouth to the ocean is from southwest to northeast, but on the root of the land to the sea in Beidai River District, the direction of silt transport is from the root to the two wings extending.his template explains and demonstrates how to prepare your camera-ready paper for Trans Tech Publications. The best is to read these instructions and follow the outline of this text.

Abstract: The food-related industries important influence on the environment and the factors which caused food-related industriesenvironmental pollution was investigated by using the food-related industry data. The results showed that the variables measuring the quantities and structures of food consumption have an important influence on carbon dioxides discharge. In addition, the scale of economics and environmental control variables have the biggest influence. We can lead peoples food consumption structure to the environmentally friendly structure and strengthen the environmental control, then control the environmental pollution of the food industry effectively.

Abstract: In the presence of NaOH, glucose hydrolyze and polymerize to generate yellow carbon nanoparticles that had an absorption peak at 336 nm. Under the selected conditions, result showed the concentration of glucose have a good linear relationship between absorbance value and glucose concentration in the range of 0.0005-0.060 mol/L. This method has been used for the assay of glucose injection sample, with simplicity, rapidity, and accuracy.

Abstract: Nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUE) was a hot topic in the study area of crop cultivation, most scholars tented to calculate NUE by D-value method, which could well reflected the total absorption of N nutrient by crops; and on the other hand, the tracing technique could precisely calculated the N content which crops absorbed from N fertilizer. In this study, the flue-cured tobaccos were treated with 2 N levels and 3 water levels, and the D-value method and the tracing method was adopted to calculate the nitrogen utilization efficiency. Results showed that the R_D value was more than double the R_N value, and there were no relationships between the results calculated by the D-value method and the tracing method, the treatment with higher R_N value could not always obtain a higher R_D value; besides, water deficiency or excess could both decreased NUE, through affecting the N availability or through the elution of the N nutrient. Taken as the whole, 6g/plant N combined with 800mm irrigation water was more beneficial for the effective utilization of N fertilization, and which combined with 1000mm was more beneficial for the N accumulation of tobacco plants.

Abstract: During the interval from Oct.2011to April.2012, water samples were collected from the effluent treated by the secondary treatment of pulp mill. The measurements of EEFM (Excitation Emission Fluorescent matrix) by the fluorescent spectrometry as well as the value of UV absorbance were analyzed for water samples filtered by 0.45μm membrane filter. The EEFM information of dissolved organic matter of filtered water samples were characterized as 8 components with 89.7% of explained variation using PARAFAC model. Four substances had high loading, including the wavelength of Excitation /Emission (Ex/Em) of 360/420 nm, 280/270-430 nm, 350/430 nm and 300/420-480 nm. The fluorescent characteristic of 270/310 nm and 270/450 nm had a high correlation with UV₂₅₄ value (R=0.838); however, the fluorescent intensity of 240/410 nm had a negative correlation with the value of UV_200-400.

Abstract: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are known to be pollutants in soil, however there are no effective methods available for determining their ecotoxic effects. We investigated Cytochrome P450 (P450) in earthworms (Eisenia fetida) as a potential biomarker of PAH pollutants in soil. Three types of PAHs were tested which included phenanthrene (Phe), fluoranthene (Fla) and pyrene (Py). Earthworm gut was selected to measure the total P450 content in cellular microsomes. Dose-response relationships between total P450 content in earthworm gut and PAH concentration (60, 120, 240, 480 and 960μg kg^-1 soil (dry weight)) were determined for different exposure durations (1, 3, 7 and 14 days). Results showed that the content of P450 in earthworm changed with exposure to each of PAHs. Biphasic effects were identified in response to each of PAHs tested, in which total P450 content increased due to short, low concentration doses, and decreased due to longer, high concentration doses. Alterations to total P450 content in the presence of PAHs, show that it is a promising biomarker for identifying ecotoxic pollutants at sublethal dose ranges in soil. Further research to identify the specific activity of P450 isoenzymes could further develop and also complement this tool.

Abstract: The ecological structure of diatoms communities was researched from sediments of the First Razdolnaya river terrace (Southern Primorye). The obtained data allowed to establish climatic rhythmics and the related transgression-regression cycles, are typical for the area of researches. The analysis of the replacement lagoon-marine diatoms complexes by lacustrine, alluvial and marsh ones allow us to establish the amplitudes of the Japan Sea fluctuations and ingression penetration into river valley. The maximum of the ingression penetration (up to 23 km from sea-shore) toward river-valley corresponds to Holocene climatic optimum. The sea level could exceed modern on +3m at this time and influenced on the coastline formation.

Abstract: In this study, the total mass of phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) were calculated by the method of Thiessen Polygons in water and pore water of surface sediments of Dianchi Lake in 2010 and 2011, and the increments were used to reflecte the really environmental release status during this period. The results showed that the sediments of Dianchi Lake were still as a sink for P until 2010, which was different from other researches of Dianchi Lake. The major circulating form was dissolved total phosphorus (DTP) in water-sediments interface, especially was the PO₄^3-. However, the content of N in the sediments of Dianchi had reached saturation and the sediments were as a source of N before 2010, while the release trend of N from sediments became slow gradually.

Abstract: Wastewater source tracing technology is a method to find the pollution wrecker based on wastewater chemical fingerprint database. How to extract and verify the chemical fingerprints of each factory is the key technology. Here report the extraction of chemical fingerprint by taking two factories (food brewing and food processing factories) surrounding Tong Zhou North Canal (Beijing) as representatives. Firstly, the organic chemicals, anions, heavy metal ions in wastewater are detected respectively by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), ion chromatography (IC), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and three-dimensional excitation emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy (3D-EEM). According to the screening principles of chemical fingerprints, the pollution and characteristic fingerprints of two factories are identified. Finally, the simulated water samples were used to test the stability and feasibility of the extracted chemical fingerprints.