Advanced Materials Research Vols. 726-731

Abstract: This paper takes Shanghai Chongming Dongping Forest Park as the studying area; and takes the water environment in park which has the most intensive tourism activities as the research objects; selects the grey relational recognition model to analyze the temporal variation of the water environment before and after the Dongping Forest Festival, and uses PCA ordination with the ecological software CANOCO to analyze the spatial variation of water quality, so as to evaluate the impact of human tourism activities on water environment in temporal and spatial scale. The results show that: (1) the impact of agglomeration effect during the tourism festival on water environment is very obvious; the large number of tourists greatly affects the water environment near the Farmhouse Restaurant during the festival, causing substantial change of all kinds of indexes of water quality, and short-term rapid deterioration of water quality; (2) It seems from the analysis on monitoring results that after a large number of tourism activities, the self-purification capacity of water has improved, the ecological recreation activities (such as artificial ship) can effectively reduce the impact of tourism activities on the environment; it should be advocated energetically in the development and management of tourism resources; (3) From the spatial variation analysis of water quality, main pollutants of each water area can be determined through PCA ordination, the waters show three groups of feature type distribution: Group 1 (Farmhouse Restaurant, Background2, Fishing area) shows that the content of COD and the pollutants of organic increased; Group 2 (Background1) shows that the content of TN and the pollutants of organic increased; Group 3 (Barbecue area, Cruise area, Around waterway, Viewing area ) shows that the content of TN increased but the TP decreased.

Abstract: This study analyzed the impact of building Tianfu new area in Sichuan on Chengdu city air quality. The paper insists the characteristics of terrain and climate in Tianfu new area lead to the difficult to convect and diffuse air pollutant, and the trend of air quality deteriorating has already emerged as the activities of a large number of industries and population. Absolutely ,building Tianfu new area will further aggravate this trend. And the paper suggests the government should take positive measure in management and policy to prevent and control air pollution.

Abstract: Based on the decomposition analysis method of pollution change, the article extended connotation of decomposition model, and applied it to the analysis of pollution removal factors. It quantitatively decomposed effects of increased environmental protection investments upon the change of COD removal into scale effect, structure effect and technology effect. Results show that the scale effect makes the largest contribution to the removal of COD, the structure change of environmental protection investments and technical effect perform negative effects. The environmental pollution control appeared as a rude mode, and the efficiency of pollution control is relatively low. Therefore, we should increase investment in industrial pollution treatments, promoting the application of friendly-sound and advanced technology, intensifying the construction of pollution treatment infrastructures and supervision on the whole operation so as to raise the environment benefits of environmental protection investments.

Abstract: It is of great value to provide sufficient food and energy, meanwhile ensure the sustainable use of resources and the good maintenance of ecological environment under the pressure of rapid population growth and rapid economic development. Therefore, a dynamic global network model of the global ecosystem is built in this paper. Seven elements are taken into consideration and regarded as the macro nodes. These nodes are connected by directed edges, representing the correlated relationships. Symbiosis theory is used to analyze the network model. The results show that the model can effectively measure the related internal coordination degree of subsystems.

Abstract: This paper investigated three chlorophyll-a analysis methods in water sample. The UV-VIS spectrophotometry method followed SL88-2012 standard procedure, the results showed the detection limit of chlorophyll-a was 0.22 μg/L, with the lower detection limit of 1.0 μg/L. The detection range of the vivo chlorophyll-a fluorescence method was 0.1-300μg/L, the ratios of different algae matched that prepared in water samples. The detection limits and quantification limits for HPLC by using UVD and FLD were respectively 0.013 and 0.004 μg/L, 0.040 and 0.013μg/L. FLD was more sensitive than UVD for chlorophyll-a analysis, and the recovery of standard addition was in the range of 90.2% to 103.9% with UVD and FLD. Given the different pretreatment procedures of the sample, equipment conditions, correction and precision, vivo chlorophyll-a fluorescence method was the best on-site monitoring and the emergency monitoring method. Spectrophotometer was suitable for routine laboratory determination of chlorophyll-a, especially for bulk water samples. HPLC method had high precision and sensitivity, so this method applied to the determination of exact requirements, microanalysis and pigment separation.

Abstract: Using an aircraft equipped with Passive Cavity Aerosol Spectrum Probe (PCASP-100X) and streamwise thermal gradient cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) counter, six flight measurements of atmospheric aerosol and CCN were conducted over North China in autumn. Five flight observations over Shijiazhuang urban area show that there is great difference of aerosol microphysical character between clear day and haze day. Vertical distributions show that aerosols mainly concentrated on the levels from near surface to the low level of troposphere and the concentration generally decreased with height increasing. The max aerosol concentration was 8110 cm^-3 on haze day and 1614 cm^-3 on clear day. There was more than 4 times difference in concentration of aerosol in boundary layer between haze day and clear day. CCN has the similar vertical distributions as aerosol. Most CCN concentrated on the boundary layer suggesting that the main source of CCN is from surface. Observation over Bohai Bay shows that the marine aerosol and CCN were greatly influenced by anthropogenic emissions.

Abstract: In recent years, environment renovation has caused the extensive concern of the government and the public. All parts of the country have introduced corresponding policies and driving measures of environmental management, and a series of relevant work has been carried out environmental protection investment and pollution treatment. Our concern is the effect of the work. The article chose data of environmental management investment and exhaust gas and waste water discharge amount of Chinese thirty major cities to analysis the regional differences in pollutants discharge reduction and environmental investment. Our results showed that analysis on no matter a national or a regional basis both indicated environmental investment had a positive impact on pollutants discharge reduction.

Abstract: The air quality monitoring data from 2010 to 2012 in Chengkou County of Chongqing City in Southwest China was analyzed.The results show that in recent years the air pollutans affecting the air quality in Chengkou County mainly is PM₁₀ and secondly is SO₂. The monthly average concentrations of PM₁₀ and SO₂ show a U-shape trend with the highest values in January.The average concentrations of PM₁₀ and SO₂ are highest in winter and lowest in summer with obvious seasonal changes.The air quality of Chengkou in 2011 and 2011 has been somewhat improved compared with that in 2010.

Abstract: The biodiesel (B100) production starting from the plantation, crushing mill and biodiesel plant can generate high amount of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emission which is harmful to the global environment. To reduce the GHG emission, an efficient managing strategy of the entire production process must be introduced. This paper presents a case study of the GHG emission analysis in Trang, Krabi and Chumporn province in 2013. The entire year data of each activity such as amount of energy, fertilizer and herbicides used, main product, residues produced in oil palm plantation, milling and biodiesel plant were analyzed and calculated by the basis of Gate to Gate. The result shows that the production process in the plantation generates the GHG emission of-0.54 ton CO₂-eq /ton FFB while the GHG emitted from the crushing mill is at-2.89 ton CO₂-eq /ton RPO and from the biodiesel plant is at-2.30 kg CO₂-eq /liter B100.These calculated values show that the biodiesel production can alleviate the greenhouse effect. If the bio solid residues are used as a mixture for fertilizer and the wastewater is used to produce the biogas to generate electricity, the GHG emission can then be reduced.

Abstract: Based on the requirements of Air Clean guidelines (VDI3784 and VDI3945) in German for cooling tower plume rise and dispersion model, a comparative analysis of atmospheric environmental impact of the cooling tower exhaust for different parameters. Parameters includes different source emission parameters and ambient humidity parameters. Then, analysis of the impact factors of plume rising height and the ground concentration according to the emission parameters. The results show that the most influential parameters are temperature and gas flow rate, relatively, the flue gas relative humidity and liquid water content has less influence in the rising height. Therefore, the increase of flue gas flow rate will significantly strengthen the dispersion of pollutants in the air. The flue gas humidity and liquid water have a certain influence on the dispersion of pollutants, but the effect is not so significant. The increase of flue gas humidity and liquid water content is not conducive to the dispersion of pollutants, therefore the surface concentration will only increase slightly.