Advanced Materials Research Vols. 726-731

Abstract: The water conservancy projects bring benefits to the society. At the same time, they change the suitable habitat for fish, block the channel between upstream and downstream of fish; the reservoir discharged water had a negative impact on fishs breeding and growth. Therefore, we should actively take some appropriate protective and compensatory measures on fish while we construct water conservancy projects, which include establishing the fish germplasm bank, constructing fish passage facilities, releasing water from the reservoir hierarchically, constructing fish-breeding and releasing station and fish protected area, etc.

Abstract: The process of industrialization in the developed countries is often realized at the expense of sacrificing the environment and the natural resources; therefore, how to deal with the relationship among environment, resources and economy is an important task before us. As the world's most populous developing country, China is in the process of realizing its industrialization and is facing serious environment problems, and currently, how to deal with the relationship between economic development and ecological environment is a major issue. This article studies the economic policies and proposes the economic policies based on the ecological environment, e.g. the ecological economic policies, from the perspective of ecological environment.

Abstract: Electromagnetic radiation pollution and its protection has become one of the hot issues of urban development process. This paper analyzed the cause of natural and man-made electromagnetic environment pollution, pointed out the harm of public health and the city normal production and living order and the city sustainable development. This paper suggested that comprehensive treatment measures should be taken to solve the problem of electromagnetic environment pollution in cities including the reasonable planning and layout, the real powerful supervision, the advertisement and education, and the high level of protection technology. This plays an important role and realistic significance in building a harmonious urban electromagnetic environment.

Abstract: The new pattern of manufacturing industry is not only an important way to maintain industrial sustainable development, but also an important development mode for transforming traditional industry. The evaluation index system of new pattern, including productive power of economy, competitive power of science and technology, protective power of environment and resource, is built. The new pattern of Heilongjiang provinces manufacturing industry is evaluated using this index system and factor analysis method. Through the evaluation, we realize the current situation and sustainable development trend of Heilongjiang provinces manufacturing industry clearly.

Abstract: The target of Corporate Environmental Responsibility is for environmental protection. This article analyzes the theory foundation of it. With the view of sustainable development, social contract theory, legitimacy theory, stakeholder theory, circular economy theory and externality theory, enterprises will make achievement in Corporate Environmental Responsibility practice.

Abstract: Based on the study on spatiotemporal pattern of fires in forestry areas in Heilongjiang Province of China, outside field investigation is combined with indoor experiment to calculate the emission amount of carbon-containning gases and emission factors when combustible material coming from fourteen main arbor trees combust via emisson factor method in forestry areas in Heilongjiang Province. The results showed that CO₂ is the main components generated by combustible material of trees when they burn. The emission amount of carbon-containning gases remain diverse when different tree species combust but to varying degrees. The average value is 54531.8214612.081269.27 respectively. The CO2 emission factors of each tree species are significantly higher than other gases. The average value of CO₂COCxHy factors are 2.6827 g·kg-10.5800 g·kg-10.0264 g·kg-1 respectively. The average value of emission amount given off by five kilogram test sample are 5802.54mg1398.18mg82.06mg. The average total emission amount of carbon-containning gases is 7282.78mg.

Abstract: To provide an important basic knowledge for the biogeochemical cycle of bamboo forest ecosystem, particularly the cycling of global carbon, we studied decomposition dynamics of leaf-litter with different mass accumulation in moso bamboo forest. Our study area located in Miaoshanwu nature reserve, Fuyang, Zhejiang province. Based on the survey, we concluded that: (1) the sequence of remaining mass of leaf-litter with different mass accumulation after 240 days' decomposition from the most to the least was in the following order: 30g (58.53%) > 60g (51.92%) > 90g (48.48%), implying that leaf-litter with more mass accumulation decomposed faster in the unit area. (2)The more accumulated leaf-litter lead to more TOC loss in leaf-litter which will not helpful for TOC increase on surface soil carbon pools. This implying that the faster leaf-litter decomposed, the less TOC increased on surface soil carbon pools in 240 day s' observation. (3)The concentration of N, P, K and Ca showed the similar tendency with initially increasing but decreasing gradually in the following stage and then increasing again in the next stage. And concentration of Mg, Fe, Cu and Zn increased gradually in the period of 0-240 days.

Abstract: The method of terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) was used to study the community structures and diversities of aerobic methanotrophs by the key functional genes pmoA in the forest land soils of Changbai Mountains in China. And the effects of soil factors on them were also evaluated, and then the mechanism of microbiological communities in forest land soils response to the forest succession were discussed. The results showed that the diversity indices of aerobic methanotrophs were higher, and community structures appeared more complicated at the later plots. Their similarity coefficients gradually declined from the middle of the forest succession to the adjacent forest, indicating communities dynamic succession. During succession process, soil moisture and organic matter content had significant influence on it. The microbial communities were under the stress of succession process, which led to more emission of other greenhouse-gas from forest soils.

Abstract: Distribution, formation ways and seedlings regeneration characteristics of forest gaps were studied on Schima superba forest after the snowstorm disturbance in Jianglang Mountain, Zhejiang Province, which would provide scientific basis for the community regeneration and post-disaster recovery. The results showed that: the forest gaps area with 50~100m² of most expanded gaps occupied the highest percentage in number (45.0% of the total), which also occupied the highest percentage in size (30.3% of the total), while the canopy forest gaps area of 25~50m² occupied the highest percentage in number and size (50% of the total and 36.39% of the total). The most important way of forest gaps formation was breakage on trunk, and the secondly important way was uprooting. In different sizes forest gaps, regeneration density of Schima superba showed a single peak changes with the increasing of forest gaps size and the regeneration density of the middle area forests gaps was most.

Abstract: Power model, linear model and hyperbolic model were commonly used to estimate forest biomass via stand volume, however the relative accuracy is unclear for Pinus tabulaeformis forests in China. In order to compare the accuracies of these models, data from 130 Pinus tabulaeformis forest stands were compiled from published literatures. Data of 100 stands were randomly selected to establish regression equations, the other 30 data were used to compare the accuracies of equations either established in this study or in previous studies. The results show that biomass of Pinus tabulaeformis forests could be well estimated by power model and linear model, while hyperbolic model is likely to result in enormous overestimation or underestimation. The mean relative errors of the power model and linear model established in this study are-0.3% and 1.8% respectively. In comparison with models established by previous studies, these two models have better prediction accuracies.