Advanced Materials Research Vol. 742

Abstract: Historical characteristics of crop evapotranspiration and irrigation requirement were the bases for determining the irrigation quota in local areas. Based on the trials of two years, crop evapotranspiration and crop coefficient of corn at monthly growth stages were determined and tested by soil water balance method in Fuxin of the southern kerqin sandy land. Using the weather data in Fuxin and Chaoyang from 1953 to 2009, estimated the coupling degree between crop water requirement of λ and apply irrigation water (ET_aw) in growing season under three hydrologic years (P=25%,50%and75%).Under the humid year (25%),λ (0.756) in Fuxin was more suitable than Chaoyang (0.694),ET_aw(95.5mm) in Fuxin was lower than Chaoyang (148.7mm);under the normal year (50%),λ(0.622) in Fuxin was close to Chaoyang (0.647),ET_aw(180.4mm) in Fuxin was higher than Chaoyang (154mm); under droughty year (75%), λ (0.574) in Fuxin was also more suitable than Chaoyang (0.523),ET_aw (204.8mm) in Fuxin was also lower than Chaoyang (245mm). The monthly change of λ and ET_aw were sharping and influenced irrigation frequency in the growing season of humid and droughty year. The method and results can be further applied to agricultural water management study and guide irrigation in other same regions.

Abstract: The lake rate and density of the water network the reservoir area generally increased after the impoundment of the reservoir, the original forest, farmland, villages were submerged, the water hydrographic characteristics was gradually changed from rivers to lakes - rivers and lakes type. In this context, this paper set out ecological risks caused by reservoir operation and planed ecological risk assessment works, summarized the classification of ecological risk factors and had the preliminary clarify in the risk transfer relationships.

Abstract: Membrane separation is a new technology which deals with natural gas, as the gas desulfurization is a basic unit for ensuring the normal transportation and utilization. On the basis of membrane separation principles, the character of gas desulfurization with membrane is analysised, different materials and its corresponding technology are introduced. While the combination of membrane separation and membrane absorption is the developing trend of natural gas desulfurization.

Abstract: Mesoporous cobalt doped aluminium oxide (Co/MAl₂O₃/RL) was synthesized using rubber latex as biotemplate by hydrothermal method. The synthesized mesoporous aluminium oxide samples were characterized by a combination of various physicochemical techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), N₂ adsorption/desorption and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR). Espciallly, Co/MAl₂O₃/RL exhibited a high efficiency of acetaldehyde adsorption from mixed gaseous mixture.

Abstract: There are a lot of harmful components which is carcinogens in cigarette mainstream smoke, especially the ammonia, phenol and crotonaldehyde. The adsorption of ammonia on Al-Ca-SiO₂ composite material was carried out in a batch home-made slurry-type reactor system. And the material was characterized by N₂ adsorption-desorption and FT-IR. The results examined by Hongyun Honghe Tobacco (Group) Co. Ltd. reported that the Al-Ca-SiO₂ has a high effect on the adsorption of ammonia (16.8%), phenol (10.3%) and crotonaldehyde (11.2%).

Abstract: This study focused on using liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry to detect N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) at trace concentrations in water. The water sample was preconcentrated by solid-phase extraction method. To find an elution which can obtain higher recovery, three reagents with different organic solvents were examined. After comparing the recoveries and the standard deviation of the elution, finally the dichloromethane was determined as the elution of the experiment. Then the concentrated sample was analyzed by a method combining SPE pretreatment and LC separation with tandem mass spectrometry using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM).

Abstract: Conventional dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) measurements for water samples with high dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) to total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) ratio are incorrect due to the cumulative analytical errors of independently measured nitrogen species (DIN and TDN). In this study, we present a nanofiltration (NF) pretreatment to increase the accuracy and precision of DON measurements by selectively concentrating DON while passing through DIN species in water samples to reduce the DIN/TDN ratio. Compared to the available dialysis pretreatment method, the NF pretreatment method shows a similar improved performance for DON measurement for aqueous samples and can save at least 20 h of operating time and a large volume of deionized water, which is beneficial for laboratories involved in DON analysis. To prove the feasibility of the pretreatment, we collected and compared effluent samples from two sewage water treatment plants. The result shows that with the pretreatment, the DIN to TDN ratio has significantly decreased while the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) recovery has been increased. So this NF pretreatment is available.

Abstract: The resolution IV fractional factorial design was used to study the adsorption regularity of Cu coexisted with various pollutions (Zn, Pb, Cd, Ni, atrazine, malathine, et al.) onto the sediment. The study found that the main effect and the second-order interaction effect of ten pollutions concentration had significant influence on the adsorption of Cu on the sediment. The concentration of Cu was the critical factor to the promotion of the absorption capacity of Cu in sediment, the second-order effect played the critical role in restraining the absorption of Cu. The main effect of Cd, and the second-order interaction effect include Cd, had greatly inhibited the absorption of Cu in sediment, and the contribution was over 30%, which meant there was prominent antagonism between Cu and Cd. Fractional factorial design can provide a theoretical basis for the reveal of the adsorption mechanism between the different contaminants in the water environment pollution.

Abstract: Air environmental quality data (SO₂, NO₂, and PM₁₀) of six automatic monitoring points monitored in 2010 and fuzzy clustering analysis method were applied to regionalize the atmospheric functional regions in Baotou City. It was demonstrated that the atmospheric functional regions were divided into two classes, which is consistent with the regional actual situation. This study provides a scientific basis for the comprehensive improvement of the urban environmental planning.

Abstract: When recycled aggregates are used appropriately, it is possible to obtain good quality, economic and environmentally friendly building materials. The emergence in recent years of the use of recycled materials in the construction industry, specifically in the production of concrete, has met with varying degrees of success due to the barriers that the market for recycled products has still to overcome. Scientific studies have focused on the good properties presented by the coarse fraction of construction and demolition waste (CDW), leading to the formulation of various international recommendations which, although still insufficient, provide a stimulus to the use of recycled aggregates in concrete.