Advanced Materials Research Vols. 805-806

Abstract: Due to wind resources distribution characteristics and current situation of power grid, wind power is mainly large-scaled and centralized developed in China. In order to meet the security requirements of power system under this circumstance, a real-time security constrained dispatch method considering the impact of wind power uncertainty on N-1 line contingency safety is proposed. Key N-1 line contingency security constraints are identified by sensitivity analysis and added into dispatching model. Robust optimization approach is employed to solve this optimal problem. Simulation results of the IEEE-30 nodes power system validated the rationality and feasibility of the proposed method.

Abstract: Unbalanced input voltages would make doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)-based wind turbine operating performance deteriorate, such as shaft tremble, temperature increasing, and so on, even make it cut out of the power grid. Meanwhile, without proper control the power ripples generated from wind turbines may further aggravate power grid. Considering the unbalanced conditions, DFIG was modeled in dual synchronous reference frame (SRF), namely the positive one and the negative one, based on which the dual PI current controllers were designed. To implement the dual current control, the sensing variables were divided into positive and negative sequence components, which were controlled in positive and negative SRF respectively. At the same time, to synchronize with the positive and negative sequence voltage components, a phase latch loop (PLL) control was designed. Experimental results on 11kW DFIG wind turbine test bed validated the designed control system.

Abstract: This paper describes the fundamental principle of the direct-drive permanent magnet wind generator with evaporative-cooling and inner-cooling system and raises a method to apply concentrated winding to the electromagnetic design of this motor in order to simplify its processing technic. It also includes simulation and comparison of electromotive force of fundamental wave produced by concentrated winding under different slot-opening factors. A reasonable slot-opening factor was selected in the electromagnetic design of a 2 MW direct-drive permanent magnet wind generator with evaporative-cooling and inner-cooling system and the validity of the design has been proved by simulation.

Abstract: This paper pioneers the existence of the shallow ground heat source in the earth's crust in Wudalianchi by an analysis and comparison of various geothermal indications and elements occurring in the Wudalianchi. The paper identifies the geothermal reservoir, caprock, and heat conduction pathway as a result of the analysis of magma existing in the crust and analyzes the cold seeps and local geothermal anomaly genesis. The analysis ends with the conclusions of the Wudalianchi geothermal.

Abstract: A model of continuous optimized power flow (COPF) is proposed, concluding demand response (DR). According to different implementation mechanisms, a series of DR models are built, such as: time of use (TOU), real time price (RTP), critical peak price (CPP), and interruptible load (IL). The influences of these kinds of DR on power system are analyzed, including peak load reduction, cost reduction, and reservation optimization. The results show that: DR can cut the cost, reduce the peak load, and promote the reservation optimization.

Abstract: This paper analyzes the battery dynamic characteristics as well as some existing battery models, then presents a universal battery model applicable to micro-grid simulation. The model is composed of a controlled voltage source in series with a constant resistance .The voltage of the controlled voltage source is a one-to-one correspondence with the state of charge (SOC) of the battery, which can effectively avoid the algebraic loop problem. The parameters of the model can be easily extracted from the battery discharge curve. The simulation results shows that the biggest advantage of this model is that the initial SOC of the battery can be set accordingly, which allows the battery to be charged or discharged from any SOC conveniently.

Abstract: At present, different pricing policies are implemented by different residential users, mainly including step price and comprehensive price of step & time-of-use. At first the two current pricing policies are elaborated, and then power cost models are established for different residential users. Finally, it is verified by examples the models built in the paper are rational and maneuverable, which is convenient for power residential users to calculate their power cost by themselves, and will provide theoretical support to successfully implement the step price and comprehensive price of step & time-of-use.

Abstract: According to various years, five residential areas about 790 existing residential buildings samples are selected to investigate the basic building information and household power status. The investigation results show that power consumption has a significant correlation with temperature and income, consumptive habits of the resident, etc. Different community residents’ power consumption in almost three years increase year by year, and there are obvious differences for different communities. Summer and winter is peak of power consumption, especially in summer. Power consumption has obvious correlation with temperature. And this rule means the necessity of energy saving reconstruction for residential building. With of urban residents' income increasing, their energy-saving consciousness falls. Energy saving consciousness should be wide publicized.

Abstract: In order to implement the target-controllability and the optimal dispatch of automatic generation control (AGC), a new dispatch method of AGC regulation capacity based on the multi-target optimal technology and the genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed. In the algorithm, the control factors are introduced by applying multi-target mathematical model. So it can control every object importance artificially according to the region of the area control error (ACE) by operators. The genetic algorithm is used to get the optimal results. Finally an example is given to demonstrate the validity of the proposed method.

Abstract: Green, safe and efficient road energy harvesting is a challenge for road traffic application. In this paper, we present a novel road energy harvester system based on sliding deceleration design and model for the purposes of energy harvesting involved in road traffic. The main components of the system consist of sliding deceleration mechanism, rack and pinion transmission, mechanical motion rectifier, which are used to generate electricity from the vibration of the sliding plate excited by vehicles passing by. Compared with the conventional road harvester using the speed bump, the proposed road energy harvester system has potential advantages in reducing the dependence on the speed bump, increasing the safety of vehicle when passing by and expanding its application. The final experimental results show the validity of our method under simulation condition.