Advanced Materials Research Vols. 807-809

Abstract: To solve the data transmission of eco-environment monitor by using WSNs, a new adaptive access mechanism is presented. The adaptive access mechanism senses the channel status information and the events of data transmissions, success or collision in the channel. Based on the measurement of idle slot intervals between two data transmission, nodes adjust parameters of access mechanism, which can adapt to the dynamic network configurations. The analysis and computer simulation demonstrate the validity and good scalability of the proposed access mechanism.

Abstract: Seawater heavy metals' (Cr, Cu, As, Pb) distributions and sources were analyzed based on results of two voyages in April and August 2011 of the Northern Beibu Gulf. Average contents of Cr and As in spring and summer were less than the grade-one seawater quality standard of China, but over limit-ratios of Cu and Pb were 3% and 19% respectively relative to the grade-one standard. Contents of heavy metals which affected by runoff, drainage, atmospheric deposition, biological action and hydrodynamics were high in offshore while low in far-shore and high in central while low all around. The correlation analysis shows that Cu and Cr were strongly correlated in spring and summer, so as to Cu, Cr, Pb to nitrate ion in summer. Principle component and background value analysis show that As was related to rivers' input and background value of the studied area, while Cu, Pb and Cr were related to the sewage disposal of point source of industry.

Abstract: Taking villages in the northern plain of Shaoxing County Zhejiang Province as the research object and by using heat transfer model and remote sensing image analysis method and taking advantage of surface temperature information varying in different areas recorded by ETM thermal infrared band and through selection of special endmember, we realize the separation of background and ambient superposed brightness temperature and establish statistical model on change of superimposed environmental brightness temperature based on distance and analyze characteristics of rural environment temperature field according to the features of heat exchange type. Study shows that endmember brightness temperatures of different surface features in the study area are respectively as follows: hard surface is 304.663K, water body is 297.851K, grassland is 298.966K, woodland is 298.827K; superimposed environmental temperature in village area is about 1.737K. Environment superposed brightness temperature and distance function are tools to describe the temperature field, predicting pixel brightness temperature by using the heat transfer model is more accurate than using linear spectrum mixed model.

Abstract: According to the information of air quality which published by the urban air quality real-time publishing platform, the concentration characteristics of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 were studied in Kunming (KM), Changsha (CS), Hangzhou (HZ), Shanghai (SH), Harbin (HEB), Beijing (BJ), Wuhan (WH) and Guangzhou (GZ). The results show that the concentrations of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 exceeded the Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-2012) in varying degrees in March, 2013. The concentrations of PM₁₀ in Wuhan is the highest, reached 164μg/m³, exceeded the standard by 9.3%; the concentrations of PM_2.5 is much higher in Wuhan, Changsha and Beijing, the average concentrations were 96μg/m³, 103μg/m³ and 110μg/m³, exceeded the standard by 28.0%, 37.3% and 46.7% respectively. The correlation of PM₁₀ with PM_2.5 in most of these cities was good in March. The correlation analysis of pollutant with meteorological factor in Hangzhou, Shanghai, Beijing and Guangzhou was also studied, the results show that the concentrations of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 are weakly positive correlation with temperature in the four cities, negative correlation with relative humidity without Beijing, and negative correlation with wind speed.

Abstract: Under the background of global environmental change and the influence of human activities on the environment increasingly significant, the research of continental-oceanic interaction has become the current hot issues in geological field research. The continuous dynamic monitoring of groundwater will be conducted, and technology validation about the dynamic changes of groundwater vary with tidal interactions will be studied in the seawater intrusion area of the laizhou bay using high density electrical method in this research.The results suggest that，If we obtain the value of electrical characteristics of the fresh-saline groundwater by numerically or laboratory experiments, Such as we choose 15 Ω· m in Laizhou Bay, we can use high-density electrical to continuous monitor to solve the Scientific Problems of the interface of the fresh-saline groundwater with the effect of tidal variation.

Abstract: A simple and sensitive catalytic fading spectrophometry was developted for determination the trace cobalt in water treated by microwave digestion. The method is based on catalysis of cobalt on the oxidation of acid chrome blue K by potassium periodate with polyethylene glycol-200 as an activator in boric acid-sodium borate buffer solution. Major factors such as microwave digestion conditions, kinds and dosages of media, reagents and activators, the reaction temperature, the reaction time and coexisting irons were investigated and the optimal experimental conditions are determination wavelength 525 nm, at 80°C reacton for 12 min. The linear range and the detection limit of the method are determinated.The maximum relative standard deviation is 5.68 %, and the recoveries are 96.4 % to 105.9 %. The maximum relative error compared with GB( national standard of china 3838-2002) is below 5.52 %.

Abstract: In this study, nine samples were collected along the trenches of LANJIAN mine and its water system in order to study the effect of Panzhihua Vanadium Titano-Magnetite on water during mining. Particle sizes of the sediments were analyzed with the laser, mineral composition of the sediments were analyzed with the X-ray diffraction analyzer, the content of CuPbZnHgCdAsCrCoNiMnVTiFe and the Speciation characteristics of part of them were analyzed with the atomic absorption spectrophotometer and ICP-MS. These provide a reference for the environmental governance of mine.

Abstract: In order to investigate the distributions and characters of sixteen (U.S. EPA) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in PM₁₀, samples were collected from three districts in Jinan, P.R. China during 2004-2005 and 2008-2009. The total concentrations of 16 PAHs were 33.6-627.3 ng·m^-3 in 2004-2005 and 37.4-696.0 ng·m^-3 in 2008-2009. Annual variations were slight. A small increase of PAH level presented from 2004-2005 to 2008-2009, while four and five aromatic rings accounted for 70% of all PAHs. An obvious seasonal trend of PAH abundance was observed. The highest concentrations of PAHs were measured in winter. Benzo (k) fluoranthene (BkF, 4-ring) and fluoranthene (FluA, 5-ring) were the most abundant PAHs in winter. Spatial variations of PAHs were obviously impacted by local pollution sources. In non-heating seasons, the district had more industries and traffic presented the most PAHs; in heating seasons, the district that had higher population density appeared more contamination for the domestic heating.

Abstract: To figure out the arsenic pollution source and characteristics in the slag field around the Yangzonghai Lake, we made deep monitoring analysis. We employed the X fluorescence metal scene analyzer and also the traditional atomic fluorescence spectrometry method for precision analysis. It finds out the arsenic pollution level, spatial change regulation, the vertical distribution characteristics, and pollution diffusion path. The work could provide effectively technical support for the soil arsenic pollution prevention in the area.