Advanced Materials Research Vol. 899

Abstract: The processes of the last decades’ – such as climate change, growth of cities, and the decreasing of urban green spaces – increase the risk of overheating during the summer. The significance of vegetable shading is, that through evapotranspiration it can minimise the risk of overheating and the negative effects of urban heat island. Although there are some previous data about the effect of vegetation, there are still questions in the scope of the microclimatic and energetic effect of vegetation planted in front of the façades. The effectiveness of urban vegetation varies on a large scale depending on environmental conditions. For example the effect of street tree lines on wind speed changes in relation with the angle of the axis of the street and the prevailing wind direction. The mentioned dilemma is a major issue of planning urban ventilation. That is why more precise calculations are needed to be able to use urban vegetation properly and most effectively. Scientific research should provide a background for quantifying the effect of urban vegetation so that designers could be helped to use more confidentially the vegetation as an important “building element” in the build-up environment. In order to facilitate vegetable shading the paper presents an attempt for the quantitative evaluation of green facades.

Abstract: In the last years, the cladding panel housing fitted with additional contact insulation, manifests an undesirable side effect in the form of local and nationwide assault façade biotic organisms. The issue of biotic attack cladding panel buildings is closely related to the physical aspects of a building and can not be ruled affect the site and the surrounding environment. Contribution aims to define the basic environment criteria that enable the growth of microorganisms on the façade s of panel housing.

Abstract: The article deals with the use of thermal analysis as an effective tool for the evaluation of building materials. The applied method of combined DSC/TG analysis is briefly described. Its utilization is illustrated by analyzing a sample of carbonated concrete. The method has wide application in other sectors, including analysis techniques in forensic science.

Abstract: Asbestos products were abundantly used in the civil engineering in 70's and 80's. In some objects they still persist till nowadays namely in office and school buildings where they represent a health risk for people who stay in such premises on a long-term basis. These products have very often negative impacts on health of users of such premises. They negatively influence the internal environment of buildings and its hygienic aspects. One of the possible ways of risk rate evaluation of these aspects on man is using the application of risk analysis.

Abstract: Increasing demand for new progressive construction materials requires development of modern environmentally friendly materials with excellent end-use properties and reasonable price. One of the main objectives of material research in building industry is using renewable resources of raw materials of industrial waste for development of new construction materials. Current trend of thermal insulation of building constructions results in development of environmentally friendly insulation materials based on renewable material resources from agriculture and stock farming, which could became alternative for current common use insulation materials in the future. Paper describes results of research and development of materials based on natural fibres.

Abstract: Changes in climate have various impacts on the built environment: e.g. the building design and the materials together with the operation and the maintenance. Therefore, it is extremely important to account for the future weather conditions during both the design of new buildings and the renovation of existing buildings. According to the Hungarian meteorological researches as a consequence of the global warming the climate of Hungary is going to become warmer and drier as well as the number and the intensity of the extreme weather events is expected to grow. One of the main directions of actions in the Climate Change Strategy is the adaptation to the changing circumstances, the improvement of the adaptive capacity of the built environment. In this study, the prefabricated reinforced concrete large-panel residential buildings are analysed: a bottom-up methodology was developed based on typological approach to assess the vulnerability of the ‘panel buildings’ to climate change by analysing the extreme weather events. After assessing the sensitivity and the adaptive capacity of the determined building types, their vulnerability to the increased number of windstorms and extreme rainfalls was estimated and the influence of their refurbishment was analysed.

Abstract: The research is focused on measuring of the diffusion of moisture by composition of the diffusive closed circumferential wall of the wooden house with the proper and improper realization of the vapor barrier. To perform this research the experimental wooden house EXDR1 is going to be used. The wall, which would be the validation of measurement, is designed as a closed diffusion. The aim of this research is to compare the measurement results. The measured values of humidity probes are going to be used for the comparison. These probes are going to be located in place of a wooden post and in the field between the posts and the temperature-humidity sensors that are going to be installed only in the field between the posts. Thus, placing the probes to measure humidity of wooden post and the temperature-humidity sensors are going to measure the humidity and the temperature of with the proper and improper realization of vapor barrier (foil) for interior moisture to simulate processes normally happening inside residential buildings with adjustment of pressure in the measured room.

Abstract: The article presents the partial knowledge of the area of building thermal physics. The goal is to evaluate the measured data ​​of the temperatures the lightweight-construction of external wall, which is made in three different material solutions and three different colored exterior side surfaces and evaluation of thermal parameters of three window constructions from different material and different glass systems. It is a measurement of two chambers of the pavilion type, where the samples are placed on the facade and they are exposed to the real action of external climatic factors. From the inside they are made ​​stationary conditions. The rooms have minimized heat loss of heat passing through interior walls and air filtration.Temperature measurements are made at different places of assessed constructions and they underway continuously throughout the year. The article will publish initial results only of temperature measurements. After completing the laboratory of additional sensors will be able to be processed year round thermal balance observed envelope and opening constructions.

Abstract: Wood is one of the completely renewable natural materials. Thanks to its unique properties, many experts consider wood to be a building material of the 21^st century. Characteristics of its qualities. The most commonly used wood based structural systems. Examples of realized wooden buildings.

Abstract: Wood belongs among one of the oldest building materials in Slovakia. Historically, it has been used mainly in traditional folk architecture, however in many forms; as a structural and expressive material, it is an inherent part of representative historical architecture. Considerable decline in the use of wood as structural material started in the 2^nd half of the 20^th century, when building construction industry turned to more progressive materials such as concrete, steel, aluminium, plastics and glass.